Since November, the local epidemic of new coronary pneumonia in my country has shown a severe and complex situation with a wide range of transmission, multiple transmission chains, and expansion of the epidemic.
As of November 27, a total of 7 new local deaths from new coronary pneumonia have been added.
Since November 23, my country has accumulated more than 30,000 new infections in a single day for 6 days.
The reporter sorted out the information of these 7 deaths and found that their average age was 87.6 years old, the oldest was 91 years old, and the youngest was 81 years old. They basically had a variety of underlying diseases, such as a history of hypertension and cerebral infarction for many years. Long-term bed rest, cancer surgery history, years of chronic bronchitis history, years of diabetes history, hemiplegia, etc.
As of November 11, 90.65% of the elderly over the age of 60 in my country have received the new crown vaccine, and 86.38% have completed the full vaccination.
The full vaccination rate of the new crown vaccine for the elderly over the age of 80 in my country is 65.7%, and the number of people over the age of 80 who receive booster injections accounts for 40% of the total number of elderly people over the age of 80.
"The total number of new crown vaccinations in my country ranks among the best in the world, but the vaccination rate of people over 80 years old is indeed not very high." At the press conference of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council held on November 12, Chang Jile, deputy director of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention Say.
Recently, the death cases of new crown in my country are concentrated in the elderly group
This round of epidemic has posed no small threat to the health of the elderly.
In the first half of this year, Shanghai announced information on 190 new crown deaths as of April 25.
The average age of the deceased was 82.52 years old. Among the 190 cases, 16 cases were 61-70 years old, 38 cases were 71-80 years old, 79 cases were 81-90 years old, 46 cases were 91-100 years old, and 1 case was 101 years old or above.
Deaths over the age of 60 accounted for 94.7% of the total.
Except for 1 case of sudden cardiac death, the other causes of death were all underlying diseases.
It is worth noting that among the 190 deaths in Shanghai, only 12 had been vaccinated against the new crown vaccine, and the rest were not vaccinated.
In the first half of the year, the fifth wave of the epidemic broke out in Hong Kong. A total of 1.2 million confirmed cases and 9,193 deaths were reported in this wave.
Among the dead, elderly people over the age of 60 accounted for 95%, and elderly people over the age of 80 accounted for more than 70%.
At the press conference of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council held on May 13 this year, Wang Huaqing, chief expert of the immunization program of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that as the elderly grow older, their immunity is weakening. Generally, after being infected with viruses or bacteria, their own Increased incidence of immunity and greater susceptibility to inflammatory responses.
In addition, the vast majority of elderly people have underlying diseases. If they are infected with the virus, the symptoms of the original disease will be more serious or they will be more prone to complications.
Wang Huaqing added that the above-mentioned situation not only occurs in the infection caused by the new coronavirus, but also in the flu that the public is familiar with.
Therefore, the global immunization strategy for COVID-19 vaccines has been vaccinating the elderly and people with underlying diseases such as chronic diseases as priority groups.
The new crown vaccine is effective in preventing severe illness and death
According to the news released by the Hong Kong Department of Health on May 5 this year, among the elderly aged 70 to 79 in Hong Kong, the case fatality rate of those who have not been vaccinated against the new crown vaccine is 5.55%, and the case fatality rate of those who have received two doses of the vaccine is 0.59%. The fatality rate of the vaccine is 0.16%.
"That is to say, the case fatality rate of 70-79-year-olds who have not been vaccinated is 9 times and 34 times that of people of the same age who have received two doses of vaccine and three doses of vaccine respectively." At the above-mentioned press conference, Wang Huaqing analyzed that the Olympic During the Mikron epidemic, relevant experts conducted research on Jilin City, and the results showed that among people over the age of 60, the incidence of severe disease among those who had not received the new crown vaccine and those who received only one dose of inactivated vaccine was higher than that of those who had received two doses, Those with three doses of the new crown vaccine had a 20 times higher incidence of severe illness.
"Through these data, it can be seen that full vaccination and enhanced protection against severe illness and death prevention will be better."
Why is the new crown vaccine effective in preventing severe illness and death, but unable to prevent infection?
At the press conference of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council held on July 13, Wang Fusheng, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, responded that this was related to the infection of the new coronavirus through the human respiratory tract.
Because the human upper respiratory tract (including mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx) and lower respiratory tract (including trachea, bronchi, alveoli) mucous membranes contain cells expressing virus receptors (ACE2), the virus can bind to the receptors to enter the cells and replicate in large numbers .
It is difficult for the protective antibodies and immune cells produced after vaccination to gather on the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract, such as the mouth, nose, throat, and bronchi, so people will still be infected by the virus.
If the virus enters the blood through the lower respiratory tract, and if it is vaccinated, the virus will soon be eliminated by specific antibodies and cellular immunity in the body, making it difficult to form a "big climate".
Therefore, the vast majority of infected people who have been vaccinated will become asymptomatic and mild, a few of them are ordinary, and there are very few cases of severe clinical symptoms.
People who have not been vaccinated lack this kind of protective ability. The virus replicates in large numbers, and the virus that enters the blood is not easy to clear, and the virus reaches other organs and causes the disease, especially the risk of the disease is greatly increased for the elderly.
Elderly people with underlying diseases and no vaccination contraindications need to be vaccinated
Zheng Zhongwei, director of the Science and Technology Development Center of the National Health and Health Commission and head of the vaccine research and development working group of the scientific research group, once stated at the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Conference that from the current "real world" vaccination situation at home and abroad, including tumors Chronic diseases commonly suffered by the elderly, such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are not contraindications to vaccination against the new crown.
Patients with these chronic diseases can receive the new crown vaccine as long as their health status is stable and the drugs are well controlled.
Zheng Zhongwei added that because of underlying diseases, the elderly are at a higher risk of severe illness or even death if they are infected with the new coronavirus if they have not been vaccinated or given a booster shot, so they need to be vaccinated more than others.
However, it should be noted that the contraindications for vaccination of the new crown pneumonia vaccine mainly include the following four types:
1. Severe allergic reactions have occurred during previous vaccinations, such as anaphylactic shock and laryngeal edema; 2. Due to various diseases are in the fever stage, such as influenza, pneumonia or other diseases; 3. The acute attack period of some chronic diseases , For example, cancer patients are undergoing chemotherapy, hypertensive patients have hypertensive crisis, and some neurological diseases are onset; 4. Due to various serious diseases, life has entered the terminal stage.
China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Liu Changrong Source: China Youth Daily