Forging ahead in a new journey and making contributions to a new era, extraordinary ten years丨In the past ten years, secondary and higher vocational schools have cultivated tens of millions of high-quality technical and skilled talents every year-Experts talk about the leap-forward development of China's vocational education in the new era
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 5th: Question: In the past ten years, middle and higher vocational schools have cultivated tens of millions of high-quality technical and technical talents every year - experts talk about the leap-forward development of China's vocational education in the new era
Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Zhuang
The renewal rate of vocational education majors exceeds 70%, the number of students enrolled in higher vocational schools has nearly doubled, the number of internship training bases jointly built with enterprises has increased by 8.6% annually, and the cumulative number of graduates trained by secondary and higher vocational schools (excluding technical schools) is more than 79 million. People, established 25 "Luban workshops" overseas... The latest data from the Ministry of Education shows that the reform and development of vocational education in my country has achieved remarkable results in the past ten years.
From clarifying the positioning and responsibilities of vocational education, to accelerating the top-level design of the modern vocational education system; from comprehensively deepening the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation, to actively serving economic and social development; Vocational education has made historic achievements and achieved leapfrog development in the new era.
Positioning responsibilities are clearer
The "White Paper on the Development of Vocational Education in China" recently released by the Ministry of Education pointed out that in the new era, the Chinese government attaches great importance to vocational education and places vocational education in a more prominent position in economic and social development and educational reform and innovation.
Xing Hui, director of the Vocational Education Research Center of the National Academy of Education Administration, said that over the past ten years, the party and the government have been far-sighted and oriented, and they have paid great attention to vocational education.
From the National Vocational Education Work Conference in 2014, the State Council issued the "Decision on Accelerating the Development of Modern Vocational Education"; to 2019, the State Council issued the "National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan"; to the National Vocational Education Conference in 2021, the Central Office, The State Office issued the "Opinions on Promoting the High-Quality Development of Modern Vocational Education", and vocational education in the new era continues to increase policy supply and innovate system design.
"Vocational education is an important part of the national education system and human resource development. It shoulders the important responsibility of cultivating diverse talents, inheriting technical skills, and promoting employment and entrepreneurship. This is a major conclusion made by the Party Central Committee in the new era. In the past ten years, vocational education A series of deepening reform measures in the field are based on this." said Zeng Tianshan, deputy director and researcher of the Vocational Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education.
Better education system
Update the professional catalogue of vocational education, design and build a vertical vocational school system and a national teaching standard system of "secondary vocational - higher vocational college - higher vocational undergraduate", carry out apprenticeship and industry-education integration city pilot projects, and build vocational education national professional teaching resources Library... In line with the new responsibilities and missions, in the past ten years, my country has always regarded the construction of a complete system as the core task and logical main line of developing vocational education.
"Vocational education is the 'half country' of high school education and higher education in my country. Talking about the modernization and high-quality development of education, it is impossible to leave vocational education." According to He Zhen, Dean of the National Vocational Education Research Institute of Beijing Normal University, after ten years After years of hard work, a modern vocational education system with Chinese characteristics has basically taken shape.
Today, the basic status of secondary vocational education has been further consolidated, the main position of junior college and higher vocational education has been continuously strengthened, and the traction of vocational undergraduate education has continued to increase.
Through vocational education, my country is continuously cultivating high-quality technical and skilled personnel.
"The modern vocational education system tends to be perfect, and the hierarchical structure is more complete." Xing Hui gave an example, "Secondary vocational education and junior college higher vocational education are no longer education that ends with academic qualifications. Combination of vocational and general education, combination of education and training, credit bank, etc., have widened and lengthened the path for students to become talents, and better meet the needs of students to have "a door to employment, a path to higher education, a foundation for continued development, and an advantage for entrepreneurship."
The type is more distinctive
On May 1 this year, the long-awaited new vocational education law was officially implemented.
"Vocational education is an education type that has the same important status as general education" for the first time in the legal form.
"Clarifying the characteristics of vocational education types is a major innovation in my country's educational theory." Zeng Tianshan believes that the transformation of vocational education from referring to general education to a relatively independent type of education is conducive to solving the problem of "how to train people" in vocational education.
Based on practical characteristics, closely connect with the major national strategies, industrial upgrading and technological change trends to adjust vocational education majors; emphasize open characteristics, encourage industry enterprises to actively organize diversified schools with deep participation of social forces; deepen professional characteristics and strengthen "double teachers" In the past ten years, the characteristics of vocational education types have been continuously optimized, becoming one of the major achievements in the field of vocational education.
At present, the proportion of "dual-qualified" teachers in vocational education professional courses has exceeded half; more than 1,500 vocational education groups (alliances) have been established across the country, more than 3,000 industry-education integration enterprises have been cultivated, and 21 industry-education integration enterprises have been built on a pilot basis. Vocational schools and enterprises have jointly built 24,900 internship and training bases, and the modern apprenticeship program covers more than 1,000 professional points, benefiting more than 100,000 students (apprentices).
"Further deepening the characteristic school-running model of vocational education is conducive to producing more practical talents, improving the skills of workers, meeting the needs of enterprises, and achieving multiple benefits." He Zhen said.
The role of serving economic and social development is more prominent
The ultimate goal of running vocational education is to promote employment and entrepreneurship, help economic and social development, and improve people's well-being.
He Zhen believes that the historical changes and achievements in my country's economy and society in the new era have provided huge demands and solid conditions for the development of vocational education; on the other hand, the high-quality technical and skilled talents provided by vocational education have strongly supported the economic and social development of.
There are more than 29.15 million students in vocational schools in my country.
Vocational schools across the country have set up more than 1,300 majors and more than 120,000 professional points, basically covering all fields of the national economy.
In the fields of modern manufacturing, strategic emerging industries and modern service industries, more than 70% of new front-line employees come from vocational college graduates.
In the past ten years, middle and higher vocational schools have cultivated about 10 million high-quality technical and technical personnel every year.
The "Opinions on Promoting the High-Quality Development of Modern Vocational Education" proposes that by 2035, the social status of technical and skilled talents will be greatly improved, the supply of vocational education will be highly matched with the needs of economic and social development, and their role in building a modern socialist country will be significantly enhanced.
"Vocational education for everyone provides talents and skills support for a skilled society, which is indispensable and irreplaceable." Xing Hui said.