Consolidate and improve the basic management system in rural areas, and take the road of common prosperity (visit to the front line of rural revitalization)

  The wind blows the rice waves, and the fragrance bursts.

In Xiaogang Village, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, Yan Jinchang, the leader of the big contract, likes to wander around the ridges in his spare time.

At that time, in order to provide food and clothing, we pressed the red handprint to contract production to households; now, we are heading for common prosperity, and this piece of land interprets a new story of rural revitalization.

  Today's Xiaogang Village has fully completed the confirmation and certification of the ownership of 21,320 mu of village collective land and the right to contract and management of 13,700 mu of rural land.

After the land was transferred, Yan Jinchang, who was nearly 80 years old, devoted himself to running the farmhouse, from 4 tables to 26 tables, with an annual income of more than 300,000 yuan.

  The basic rural management system is the institutional basis for rural revitalization.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that we should consolidate and improve the basic rural management system and take the road of common prosperity.

  From Jiangnan Water Village to Baishan Songshui, from solidly advancing the reform of the rural land system to steadily advancing the reform of the rural collective property rights system, the notes of rural reform converge into a moving melody.

From the more than 200 million farmers who received the land contract management right certificate and the "reassurance pill", to the clearer ownership of collective property rights and more property rights of farmers, strengthening farmers, benefiting farmers and enriching farmers, and spreading the magnificent picture of common prosperity on the vast and fertile fields.

Get the "Red Book" and eat the "Reassurance Pill"

  "Without the land contractual management right certificate, we would not have the scale of development we have today." Jin Jiazheng, deputy general manager of Hubei Jinlin Original Breed Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., located in Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, who has been engaged in animal husbandry for more than 20 years, said that the first five years were difficult. , "Contracting 1,000 mu of land, but it is difficult to get enough loans."

  The turning point came from the exploration of rural property rights transactions.

Wuhan Rural Comprehensive Property Rights Exchange was listed, and began to "test the waters" of market-oriented transactions of rural production factors, and explored and innovative services such as rural land transfer and management rights loans.

  "The entry transaction is open and transparent, eliminating the need for cumbersome procedures. Moreover, with authoritative certification, our agricultural facilities have value and can be attached to the operating certificate for mortgage loans." Jin Jiazheng sighed, "This decade , getting better and better!"

  In the factory area, there are green shades.

"We insist on green farming, and convert animal manure into organic fertilizers to nourish tea gardens and fruit forests." Jin Jiazheng said, "Through the mortgage of the land contract and management right certificate, we have obtained a bank credit of 123 million yuan."

  In July 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to Wuhan Rural Comprehensive Property Exchange for inspection.

"The general secretary listened to the report on the exploration of rural property rights transactions, talked with the staff and farmers who came to go through the verification procedures for property rights transfer transactions, and inquired about the specific process of property rights transactions in detail, thinking that this was a positive exploration." Deputy Director of Wuhan Rural Comprehensive Property Rights Exchange General Manager Gui Ling still remembers the scene of the general secretary's inspection.

  "The general secretary urged us to deepen rural reforms, improve the basic rural management system, and carefully study the relationship between rural land ownership, contract rights, and management rights. Land transfer must respect the wishes of farmers, ensure basic farmland and food security, and must It is beneficial to increase farmers' income." Guiling said.

  Every once in a while, Guiling will go to the countryside to investigate and explore the innovation of the "three rights separation" mechanism of rural land ownership, contract rights and management rights. To set up rent increment clauses, it comes from the people and benefits the people.”

  More than 70 such municipal and county rural property rights trading markets have been established in Hubei Province, and various effective management rights transfer modes such as exchange, lease, auction, and trusteeship have been explored.

  In October 2016, the Central Office and the State Office issued the "Opinions on Improving the Separation of Rural Land Ownership Contract and Management Rights".

It is another major institutional innovation in my country's rural reform after the household contract responsibility system, and it is the basic rural management system. of self-improvement.

  At present, more than 200 million rural households across the country have received certificates of land contractual management rights, and the rights to 1.5 billion mu of contracted land have been confirmed to their households.

After the second round of land contract expires, the pilot program will be extended for another 30 years in an orderly manner.

With the "red book", the contracted farmers can eat "reassurance pills", and they can transfer their land management rights more assuredly.

By the end of 2021, the transfer area of ​​household contracted farmland has exceeded 555 million mu.

  Entering Tantou Village, Zishan Town, Yudu County, Jiangxi Province, white-walled and black-tiled dwellings are strung around the village water system, and the contiguous paddy fields and water towns attract many tourists.

  "The implementation of collective ownership, the stabilization of farmers' contract rights, and the release of land management rights have made the village more dynamic!" said Liu Lianyun, secretary of the village party branch. "In 2016, Tantou Village's land rights were confirmed and certificates were issued, allowing farmers to grow their own crops. You can also choose to transfer the management rights. Now, the village concentrates its efforts on developing the selenium-rich industry and tourism industry.”

  At noon, the selenium-rich canteen, which can accommodate more than 600 people, was full.

"Eat with confidence! They are all self-produced selenium-rich dishes." The waiter said enthusiastically.

  Villager Li Junming operates a drone to spray water-soluble fertilizer.

"I'm not boasting, the level of my use of agricultural machinery can be counted in the whole county!" Li Junming transferred more than 300 mu of land, and the double-cropping rice planted has become a landscape in Tantou Village.

  Unlike Li Junming, Sun Guanfa, a villager who is over 70 years old, transferred 4 mu of paddy fields early. "It can't be planted. After the transfer, one mu of land can earn 500 catties of millet money and a subsidy of more than 100 yuan, which is cost-effective and labor-saving." laughed.

  Sun Guan found that he was running a canteen and a homestay, and the two incomes were almost 100,000 yuan a year.

Last year, all his grandchildren and granddaughters went to the county town to go to school, but the old man was reluctant to leave: "Nowadays, life in the countryside is quite comfortable."

  Just as he was talking, another guest came to the door. Sun Guanfa made a few cups of hot tea and got up to greet him enthusiastically.

Cultivate new business entities and develop moderate scale operations

  On the soft and fertile black soil, the sturdy corn stalks are taller than people.

Standing in the core demonstration area of ​​the national standardization production base of one million mu of green food raw materials (corn) in Lishu County, Jilin Province, pointing to the straw in the ground, Wang Guiman, the head of the Lishu County Agricultural Technology Promotion Station, said: "Returning straw to the field will give the black land 'Cover the quilt'."

  In the past 40 years of promoting agricultural technology, Wang Guiman has witnessed the changes of black land: with the improvement of the "three powers separation" system, new agricultural business entities such as farmers' cooperatives continue to emerge, thus giving birth to the whole-process mechanized protective farming technology as the key "Pear Tree Pattern".

In recent years, the "pear tree model" has been continuously expanded, and the area promoted in the county has increased from 1.5 million mu in 2020 to 2.8 million mu this year.

  At noon, I walked into the yard of the Luwei Agricultural Machinery and Farmers Professional Cooperative in Lishu County, and saw more than ten large machines lined up, which was quite spectacular.

  In July 2020, when General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected Jilin, he came to the Luwei Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative located in Balimiao Village, Kangping Street, Lishu County.

  Recalling the scene of the General Secretary's visit, Lu Wei's pride is palpable: "The General Secretary said: 'Your exploration is very meaningful, and you have found a road for the development of cooperatives that suits you. It's a big improvement.'"

  "I want to report to the general secretary that our cooperative has grown again! The land transfer expanded by 30 acres last year, and all of them were equipped with large-scale agricultural machinery, which not only saves costs, but also greatly reduces the damage to the soil." Lu Wei said.

  Wang Xiaopeng, a villager in Balimiao Village, used to go to the city to work and leave the farmland to his wife to plant. When farming was busy, he had to "run from both ends", but Wang Xiaopeng never wanted to transfer the cultivated land out. After the cooperative was established, he saw that the income of the farmers who joined the cooperative increased significantly, but the labor intensity decreased significantly. He also took out the contracted 13.5 mu of arable land as a share and joined the cooperative.

Now, the couple not only do not worry about farming, but also received more than 10,000 yuan in dividends last year.

  In the Luwei Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative, the net income of each tract of land (equivalent to 15 mu in the local area) is more than 10,000 yuan. The participating farmers can also work in the cooperative, and the average annual labor income exceeds 20,000 yuan.

At present, there are more than 200 large cooperatives in Lishu County.

  "Big country and small farmers" are the basic national conditions of my country, and small-scale family management is the original system of agriculture.

According to the actual development requirements, various localities should enrich the effective realization forms of collective ownership, farmers' contract rights and land management rights, promote the optimal allocation of rural land resources, actively cultivate new agricultural management entities, develop and expand agricultural socialized service organizations, and encourage and support the majority of small farmers. Taking the road of development combined with modern agriculture keeps the basic rural management system full of vitality, and constantly creates favorable conditions for promoting the overall revitalization of the countryside and realizing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

  "Sunshine rose grapes are delicious and inexpensive!" Jiang Wen, a Shanghai tourist who experienced the fun of picking in the modern and efficient agricultural garden in Sijichun, Xianfeng Village, Dantu District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, faced the family farmer with a shopping bag in his hand. Ye Minglan's live footage blurted out.

  Ye Minglan, who is known to everyone in eight townships in ten miles, has now become a netizen familiar to online customers.

  Starting from a generation of "strawberry greenhouses", Ye Minglan worked steadily.

Through the transfer of land, the elevated strawberry has been expanded from 6 mu to 12 mu, and the grape planting has been expanded to 100 mu. The first generation of small sheds has long disappeared, and the multi-span greenhouses are shining in the sun, and the average income per mu has increased to 20,000 yuan.

  In Lianhe Village, Yongning Street, Pukou District, Nanjing, which is more than 100 kilometers away from Pioneer Village, villager Kang Guanghui taps his mobile phone, and the water quality, oxygen content and temperature in the shrimp pond can be seen at a glance. With a click, he can remotely increase oxygen. "The mobile phone is my new farm tools!"

  "In 2020, I transferred 170 mu of ponds at a price of 1,240 yuan per mu and signed a three-year contract." Kang Guanghui admitted that he had no such confidence in the past.

  "In the past, the ponds could not be connected together, and the farmers' wishes were constantly changing. Who dares to take risks? Only a few mu of ponds can make a living." Kang Guanghui said with a smile, "Now we have adopted information technology, and put in 300,000 shrimp seedlings per mu. More than 2 times that in the past, the average profit per mu can reach more than 4,000 yuan in that year.”

  With the surrounding 9 farmers, Kang Guanghui embarked on the road of shrimp farming to become rich.

In a joint village, the income of the shrimp industry has reached nearly 60 million yuan, and the per capita income of the villagers has reached 32,700 yuan.

  In recent years, all localities have focused on cultivating new business entities and service entities, developing various forms of moderate scale operations according to local conditions, and effectively solving the problems of "who will farm the land" and "how to farm the land".

At present, there are more than 2.2 million farmers' cooperatives legally registered across the country, 3.9 million family farms have been included in the national family farm directory system, and 955,000 agricultural social service organizations.

Deepen the reform of collective property rights and develop a new collective economy

  The car arrives at Kalongtang Village, Mugang Town, Liuzhi Special Economic Zone, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province, and climbs high and looks far into the kiwi fruit orchard of 10,000 mu of kiwi fruit vines.

  Fang Guoming, a 52-year-old villager, is weeding under the vine.

Just three years ago, she and the villagers were still growing corn and potatoes in the crevices of the rocks, earning more than 500 yuan a year for one mu of land.

  Asking her to recalculate her current income account, Fang Guoming grinned and said, "Don't say anything else, the kiwi fruit orchard base is a worker, and the monthly labor income is more than 2,000 yuan, and there is still 3,000 yuan in rent for 3 mu of land, and there will be more in two years. Dividends."

  In Jialongtang Village, many villagers, like Fang Guoming, enjoy the dividends brought about by the "three changes" reforms: resources become assets, funds become shares, and farmers become shareholders.

  As early as 2014, Liupanshui City began to explore the "three changes" reform: starting from the reform of the rural property rights system, adopting stock conversion, incremental allotment and other methods to make sleeping resources alive; adopting centralized investment, industry-driven, farmers benefit and other methods to maximize the benefits of the use of funds and gather scattered funds; through large-scale, industrialized and market-oriented development, funds can flow in the market, increase the distribution ratio of farmers in land value-added benefits, and make farmers richer. stand up.

Through the "three changes" reform, in 2021, the city's 274,600 rural households will receive 1,052 yuan in dividends, and the village's collective economy will accumulate 776 million yuan.

  "The construction of this 10,000-mu kiwifruit orchard project is an innovation of the 'three changes' reform." Peng Jiaguo, director of the "Three Changes" Reform Office of Liuzhi Special Zone, introduced, "Integrating provincial, municipal and county agricultural special funds, leveraging banks and The social capital is 108 million yuan, and farmers use the land and their own funds as shares to achieve a win-win situation.” The project with a total investment of 180 million yuan, after the kiwifruit harvest, all parties will share dividends according to shares, and more than 6,900 farmers will benefit from it.

  Strengthening the rural collective economy is an important way to lead farmers to achieve common prosperity.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the Central Rural Work Conference held at the end of 2017 that it is necessary to steadily advance the reform of the rural collective property rights system, comprehensively carry out property and capital verification, identity confirmation, share quantification, and promote the transformation of resources into assets, funds into shares, and farmers into shareholders. , establish a new mechanism for the operation of the collective economy that meets the requirements of the market economy, ensure the preservation and appreciation of collective assets, ensure that farmers benefit, enhance the vitality of collective economic development, and enhance the cohesion and combat effectiveness of rural grassroots party organizations.

  All localities continue to promote the reform of the rural collective property rights system, develop and expand the new rural collective economy, and promote the common prosperity of farmers.

  "Focusing on reform, strengthening collectives, and enriching farmers is the main theme of our village's development." Gao Demin, Secretary of the Party Committee of Zhanqi Village, Pidu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, said that Zhanqi Village established a village collective asset management company, and 1,704 villagers became "shareholders." ” The pace of development is getting faster and faster.

  The cultural and tourism complex "Eighteen Villages in the Village", Zhanqi Rural Revitalization Training Institute, Yili Snack Street, etc. have been completed one after another, and the rural hotel will also open for business this year... New industrial landmarks and new cultural and tourism scenes have attracted tourists one after another. Hold up your phone to take a photo.

  Walking into the "Eighteen Villages in the Village", the "Tangchang Tofu" shop run by villager Yuan Zhijian is very lively.

More than 10 varieties of watercress, fermented bean curd, etc., can have a turnover of more than 3,000 yuan a day during holidays.

"There is no need to pay the rent for the storefront. The village collective and the villagers jointly operate a joint venture. I only need to produce the product, and I will give 10% of the money to the collective." Yuan Zhijian introduced.

  "Eighteen Villages in the Village" was built by Zhanqi Village with a collective investment of 10 million yuan.

The village collective participates in the business income of the store to share dividends, part of which is used as the village collective development fund, and the rest is distributed to the villagers as shares.

  Today, more than 700 villagers work in the village collective enterprises or engage in self-employment, and 200 people from surrounding villages are also employed.

What makes Gaode sensitive even more is that young people have a tendency to return to their hometowns.

  Zhanqi Village became rich.

From 2018 to 2021, the collective assets of the village doubled and entered the ranks of villages with a value of 100 million yuan.

In 2021, the annual income of the village's collective economy will be 6.8 million yuan, and the annual per capita disposable income of the villagers will reach 35,500 yuan.

  The neighboring Jinxing Village was merged into Zhanqi Village two years ago.

"95% of the villagers agreed to implement reforms in Jinxing Village in accordance with the development model of Zhanqi Village. We must make the merged Zhanqi Village follow the path of common prosperity and become a banner of rural revitalization." Gao Demin said.

  Reform is an important magic weapon for rural revitalization.

At present, the phased tasks of the reform of the rural collective property rights system have been basically completed, the ownership of collective property rights has become clearer, and farmers have more property rights.

Every village is striving towards the goal of common prosperity.

  (Reporters Wang Weijian, Zhu Dawei, Fan Haotian, Song Haoxin, Su Bin and Tian Xianxian participated in the writing)

  Our reporter Wang Bin came to Zhu Lei Liu Xinwu