There are many opportunities for migrant workers to return to their hometowns for employment and entrepreneurship (Policy Interpretation · Do a good job in the employment of key groups)
Data source: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Graphics: Zhang Danfeng
Since the beginning of this year, affected by the epidemic and other factors, the demand for labor in some urban industries, especially the contact service industry, has declined, and some migrant workers have returned to their hometowns for employment.
"In response to this situation, the agricultural and rural departments have vigorously developed rural industries, implemented employment assistance policies, and promoted the employment of returning migrant workers in local and nearby areas. From the monitoring situation, as of the end of June, 90.7% of returning migrant workers were employed in local and nearby areas. This is a good result," said Zeng Yande, chief agronomist and director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
What is the current employment situation of returning migrant workers in my country?
What are the next steps to promote the employment of returning migrant workers?
The reporter conducted an interview.
Strong industrial belt employment
Let the county become a reservoir of local employment for farmers
Early in the morning, the Juren Plantation Farmers Professional Cooperative in Kangxian County, Gansu Province was busy, and the villagers were orderly arranging the mushroom sticks.
"I used to work outside and couldn't take care of the elderly and children at home. Now I have a new job in front of my house, so I can make money and look after the house. It's the best of both worlds!" said Hou Xiufang, a villager in Liuhe Village, Miba Township.
The reporter learned that Ma Guohui, the head of the cooperative, was also a returning migrant worker.
"In the past two years, rural construction has accelerated, and the edible fungus industry in my hometown is getting bigger and bigger." Ma Guohui joined the surrounding cooperatives to build an edible fungus planting industry demonstration park integrating ingredients, production, processing and sales, driving multiple villages to develop together.
"Many villagers learn skills while working and become 'office workers' at the doorstep of their homes."
The industry is the guarantee of employment, and as the industry develops and expands, the number of jobs will increase.
"Developing industries that enrich the people and stabilizing their jobs is the key to promoting the employment of migrant workers returning home." Zeng Yande said, to develop industries that enrich the people, focus on the development of industries that enrich the people in counties with large employment capacity, continue to promote the upgrading of rural industries, and continue to expand rural areas. Employment and income channels.
This year, the proportion of the central government's connecting funds for industrial development will be increased to 55%, focusing on supporting industries to make up for shortcomings in technology, facilities, and marketing.
The beautiful countryside that is suitable for living, working and traveling continues to increase its attractiveness.
Based on rural resources, some localities develop new industries and new formats to create more employment opportunities.
The Naxi Original Township Scenic Spot in Huolu Town, Wulong District, Chongqing City has made good use of eco-tourism resources, and the forest green health care industry has developed a good momentum.
The strong popularity has driven the development of cultural tourism products and the sales of special agricultural products, and the scenic spot has become a new choice for the employment of surrounding farmers: more than 170 villagers are recruited to engage in tourism services, and more than 30 market entities such as catering and accommodation have been attracted to return to their hometowns. Drive annual revenue of 1.5 million yuan.
Judging from the monitoring situation, as of the end of June, 90.7% of the migrant workers returning to their hometowns were employed nearby, a year-on-year increase of 2 percentage points.
Driven by industry, employment and entrepreneurship, the per capita disposable income of rural residents in the first half of the year was 9,787 yuan, a real increase of 4.2%.
"County areas are the reservoirs for farmers to find jobs nearby. At present, 55% of migrant workers are employed in the county area." Zeng Yande said that it is necessary to vigorously develop housekeeping services, logistics and distribution, and nursing care in the county area to guide qualified central towns. Develop clusters of small and micro enterprises, cultivate industries with strong driving force and large employment capacity, and create more employment opportunities for returning migrant workers.
"I no longer go out to do odd jobs. Now that I have received training, I earn more than 5,000 yuan a month. I am very satisfied." Xie Hongmei, who participated in the "Xingguo cousin-in-law" training course in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, said.
"Xingguo cousin" is a housekeeping service brand created by Xingguo County. It organizes professional training, skills training, job introduction, One-stop services such as legal aid have brought fire to the county's housekeeping industry.
Zhang Chunxiang is loading and unloading goods with workers at a freight company in Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, Jilin Province.
Zhang Chunxiang keenly found that the demand for express logistics in the county is increasing, and he opened a freight logistics company.
Thanks to the local support policy, Zhang Chunxiang has now joined a large freight logistics company from the "bare commander" to the employment of more than 20 people. "Employees who earn more can earn more than 7,000 yuan a month."
Zhang Qi, director of the China Rural Revitalization and Development Research Center at Beijing Normal University, said that returning migrant workers have been working abroad for a long time and have certain experience and skills, which can be effectively adapted to jobs after returning home.
At the same time, the sustainable development of the county economy can also improve the level of local medical care, education and services, and attract migrant workers to take the initiative to return to their hometowns for employment and entrepreneurship.
Build a strong connection with the platform
Make entrepreneurship and innovation a new growth point for farmers' employment and income
Entering the Shared Agricultural Innovation City in Shawen Town, Baiyun District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, there are meat, vegetables, condiments... shops are lined up with a dazzling array of commodities.
"This is a one-stop shopping. Recently, there have been many orders, and the monthly income is more than 10,000 yuan, which is much higher than that of going out to work!" Zhu Dongbo, a returnee, opened a grain and oil store here. "Thank you for the entrepreneurial platform built by the government. Consider expanding it!"
The Shared Agricultural Innovation City was put into operation on January 16 this year, and facilities such as cold storage, e-commerce incubation building, agricultural product quality inspection center and merchant apartments were built.
Like Zhu Dongbo, there are many returnees who come here to open stores.
As a municipal-level "Migrant Workers Returning Home Venture Park", Agricultural Innovation City has solved the employment of more than 120 returning migrant workers.
Since the beginning of this year, the Agricultural Innovation City has leased more than 650 facades, and the turnover in the first and second quarters has exceeded 50 million yuan.
Rural entrepreneurship and innovation are becoming increasingly active, and the platform carrier is constantly improving.
The relevant person in charge of the Rural Industry Development Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs introduced that various localities have built a number of return-to-home entrepreneurial parks with regional characteristics relying on various existing rural industrial parks, logistics nodes, agricultural enterprises and planting and breeding bases.
There are more than 3,500 rural entrepreneurial parks (bases) across the country, basically realizing that there are rural entrepreneurial parks (bases) in counties.
By the end of 2021, 11.2 million people will return to their hometowns to start businesses and innovate, 70% of which are migrant workers who have returned to their hometowns to start businesses, and more than 80% of the projects established will be integrated development projects of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, bringing popularity and vitality to rural areas.
"Promoting the expansion of rural entrepreneurship channels is a new growth point for farmers' income." Zeng Yande said that migrant workers returning home have strong market awareness and high skill level, and returning home to start a business has advantages.
In-depth implementation of the cultivation of rural entrepreneurship and innovation leaders, the implementation of entrepreneurship support policies, the construction of a number of return-to-home entrepreneurship parks and rural entrepreneurship incubation training bases, and promote the "one-stop" process of entrepreneurship services to drive employment through entrepreneurship.
"Basically, a returning migrant worker to start a business can drive 6 to 7 stable jobs and 15 to 20 flexible jobs."
Benefiting from the drive of returning talents, Tianshui Village, Julong Town, Yanting County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province has achieved a magnificent turn from a poor village to a demonstration village.
Looking at the shortcomings of their hometown's transportation and logistics, more than 10 young migrant workers, including Chen Fengming and Chen Fengbing, returned to their hometowns to start their own businesses. Fruit uninterrupted agricultural industry layout.
Last year, the total output of fruit in the park was 8.38 million catties, with an output value of about 52 million yuan.
Improve the connection of interests, entrepreneurship and employment and increase income.
Through the models of "company + consortium + farmers", "company + village collective + dividends based on shares", the park has driven 623 local households to increase their average annual income by 1,700 yuan, and achieved an annual increase of 330,000 yuan in village collective income.
Chen Fengming introduced that at present, the park is preparing to build country houses, parent-child parks, agricultural experience halls and other facilities to promote the in-depth integration and development of agriculture, culture and tourism, and continue to drive villagers to increase their income and become rich.
In recent years, my country has introduced a large number of policies to promote entrepreneurship and innovation in rural areas, and put forward support policies from various aspects such as "people, land, and money".
Zhang Qi said that in addition to policy creation, the government should also pay attention to the capacity building of returning migrant workers, provide them with relevant training for skills improvement, employment and entrepreneurship, and cultivate a group of "Tian Xiucai", "local experts", "rural makers" and other local villagers At the same time, it encourages migrant workers with management experience to return to their hometowns to start businesses, promote entrepreneurship and employment, and inject strong new momentum into rural revitalization.
Multiple ways to expand positions
Let farmers become project builders and beneficiaries
In the home of Yang Baohe, a poverty-stricken household in Mujiao Village, Daotong Dong Autonomous County, Hunan Province, in the spacious living room, washing machines, refrigerators and other appliances are readily available, and all kinds of flowers and plants exude fragrance.
"Relying on the income from working in the village's food-for-work project, I renovated my new house." Yang Baohe couldn't hide his joy in his words.
Relying on the good skills of the masons, Yang Bao and his wife received more than 40,000 yuan in wages in just half a year.
Since last year, Datong County has carried out a new pilot project of “relief for work” in Mujiao Village. It has stepped up efforts to make up for the shortcomings of rural infrastructure. It has successively carried out quality improvement and renovation of 3,500 meters of experience trails in the village, 3,000 meters of experience farm irrigation and drainage channels, and the construction of village-level fruits. 150 acres of picking gardens, 150 acres of village-level vegetable experience gardens and other projects.
"The project workers will give priority to returning migrant workers from the village. The highest daily wages for carpenters, masons and steel bar workers are nearly 300 yuan and 180 yuan for small workers," said Wu Jufeng, director of the village committee.
Mujiao Village's food-for-work project has paid 1.36 million yuan in wages to migrant workers.
The newly built fish scale dam, fitness trail and sightseeing embankment in Mujiao Village have become popular attractions, receiving more than 20,000 tourists in July alone.
The village has also developed new business formats such as fruit picking, farming experience, and country houses, adding more than 60 follow-up jobs for villagers in planting, management, packaging, maintenance and cleaning, etc., and the per capita annual income can reach more than 8,000 yuan.
"The masses are both the builders of the project and the beneficiaries of the project." Zhang Qi said that cash-for-work is an important policy to promote nearby employment, increase income, and improve labor skills. Provide large-scale employment positions.
Key projects have large scale of investment, wide benefits, strong driving effect, and huge employment potential for absorbing returning migrant workers. They are an important carrier for the implementation of cash-for-work.
Since 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission has issued and implemented documents such as the "National 14th Five-Year Plan for Relief for Work" and other documents, increasing the proportion of labor remuneration in central funds from more than 10% previously to more than 15%. The central government has invested nearly 14 billion yuan, and implemented more than 5,000 food-for-work projects. The actual payment of labor remuneration accounts for more than 20% of the central funds, and more than 30% in some places, driving more than 300,000 rural low-income people to find jobs at their doorsteps.
Speed up project construction and expansion.
According to Zeng Yande, the relevant departments of the State Council have recently formulated special policies and measures, requiring major construction projects and food-for-work projects to give priority to absorbing rural labor.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will organize and implement high-standard farmland construction, major water conservancy facilities construction, rural living environment improvement, agricultural non-point source pollution control and other projects, in accordance with the principle of "use as much as possible, use as much as possible" to attract more returnees. Migrant workers participate in the construction, allowing them to gain employment and increase their income at the doorstep of their homes.
This year, the central government will continue to increase investment to strengthen rural construction, rural living environment improvement, rural toilet revolution, cold chain logistics facilities, high-standard farmland construction, modern agricultural industrial parks and other projects.
Zhang Qi believes that these projects can attract more returning migrant workers to participate in the construction of the project, and realize the double improvement of the employment and income of returning migrant workers and rural development.
(Reporter Chang Qin)
Coordinator of this issue: Guo Xueyan