Individual carbon accounts have been launched in various places, and carbon reduction has officially entered the era of individuals

　　Personal carbon accounts make carbon reduction gradually enter the era of all people

　　Data shows that the energy consumption of Chinese residents' consumption behavior accounts for about 45% - 50% of the total energy consumption.

To this end, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Sichuan, Hebei and other places have successively launched carbon inclusive measures including personal carbon accounts.

　　◎Reporter Li He

　　On September 4th, Mr. Li, who lives in Xixi Chengyuan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, after picking up the courier at the Cainiao Station in the community, put the carton for the package and express at the station.

With this action, Mr. Li reduced carbon by 37 grams, and the reduced carbon was converted into 50 grams of green energy in his personal carbon account in the "green home" of the Cainiao platform.

　　At present, both domestic and international carbon emission accounting and carbon markets are mostly concerned with carbon emission reduction and carbon trading in the front-end production stage, and carbon reduction is mostly carried out at the enterprise level.

However, data shows that the energy consumption of Chinese residents' consumption behavior accounts for about 45%-50% of the total energy consumption. Therefore, since the beginning of this year, individual carbon accounts have been launched in various places, and carbon reduction has officially entered the individual era.

Develop personal carbon reduction space in the consumption field

　　"To achieve the 'double carbon' goal, carbon emission reductions at the consumer end such as residents' lives cannot be ignored," said Du Shaozhong, vice chairman of the All-China Environmental Protection Federation.

　　In order to reduce carbon emissions on the consumer side, the "Implementation Plan for Promoting Green Consumption" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and other seven departments proposes that by 2025, the green transformation of consumption in key areas will achieve obvious results, the green consumption method will be widely implemented, and the consumption of green, low-carbon and circular development will be promoted. The system is initially formed.

By 2030, the way of green consumption has become the conscious choice of the public, and the green consumption system, policy system and institutional mechanism will be basically sound.

　　Driven by policies, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Sichuan, Hebei and other places have successively launched carbon inclusive measures including personal carbon accounts.

What is a personal carbon account?

The carbon account is a carbon emission reduction support system that includes functions such as carbon emission data collection, carbon accounting, carbon emission level evaluation, and scenario application. It can help enterprises and residents settle the "carbon account" and improve emission reduction efficiency and awareness.

At present, most of the personal carbon accounts launched by many enterprise platforms use digital means to automatically record the consumption carbon emission reduction caused by consumers' green and low-carbon life in food, clothing, housing, transportation, and transportation.

These green points can be exchanged for green food, cycling cards, vouchers, etc.

　　On August 10 this year, Beijing's first green life carbon inclusive platform "Green Life Season" applet was officially launched, focusing on green life, green carbon credits, green travel, green CDs, green finance, green landscape tours, etc. The green and low-carbon life scenarios of the eight major sectors unfolded.

Users can obtain green carbon emission reductions and green points by purchasing and using green home appliances, riding shared bicycles, driving new energy vehicles, reducing the use of disposable tableware, etc. The points can be used to exchange the Meituan 30-day ride card in the exchange mall. , cinema vouchers, parking tickets, etc.

　　According to statistics, since the launch of the "Green Living Season" applet, the enthusiasm of public participation has been high.

The platform's single-day rankings show that the user with the largest carbon reduction on the first day has a carbon reduction of 9.76 kilograms.

As of August 24, the platform running the "Green Living Season" has recorded 10,069,459 emission reductions, 216,761,710 emission reductions, and 92,992.24 tons of carbon emission reductions.

Scientific accounting methods and standards are the foundation

　　"The production side of the enterprise already has national standards and guidelines for greenhouse gas emission reduction, and carbon emission reduction can be measured. However, there is no relatively unified accounting method and standard for the consumption side, and the calculation of consumption carbon emission is still a difficult problem." All-China Environmental Protection Federation Jiang Nanqing, secretary-general of the Green Recycling and Inclusive Special Committee, said.

　　Carbon reduction at the consumer end must be feasible and sustainable, provided that there is scientific and rigorous carbon reduction measurement and unified carbon measurement standards.

　　In order to provide a quantitative basis for individual carbon emission reduction behaviors, in May this year, the All-China Environmental Protection Federation issued a team standard "Guidelines for Quantitative Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction for Citizens' Green and Low-Carbon Behaviors" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines").

The "Guide" clarifies 40 green and low-carbon behaviors in seven categories including clothing, food, housing, transportation, use, office, and digital finance, and also stipulates the basic principles, requirements and methods for quantifying carbon emission reductions for citizens' green behaviors. It is suitable for the quantitative assessment of carbon emission reduction of citizens' green behaviors, and guides the compilation of norms for the quantitative assessment of carbon emission reductions of citizens' green behaviors.

　　"Green Living Season" is based on the "Guidelines" group standards.

Tao Lan, the technical supporter of the "Green Living Season" platform and the founder of Beijing Green Puhui Network Technology Co., Ltd., said that the "Green Living Season" adopts the "Guidelines" group standards to ensure that citizens practice green living and green consumption behaviors to reduce carbon emissions The science of quantification.

At the same time, the platform construction widely uses digital technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and blockchain to quantify the carbon emission reduction of scattered consumer behaviors, and realize the quantification, deduplication, recording and integration of green behaviors in multiple scenarios of clothing, food, housing and transportation. , to ensure the traceability and non-tampering of citizens' emission reduction data.

　　On August 8 this year, Alibaba also officially released the 88 carbon account for individual users. In the form of "1+N" parent and child accounts, it collects the savings generated by users on Ele.me, Cainiao, Xianyu, Tmall and other platforms. Carbon content, covering many life scenarios.

The carbon points obtained by users in the 88 carbon account can be exchanged for cash red envelopes, as well as low-carbon commodity discounts and exclusive services provided by low-carbon friendly merchants.

　　Wang Yao, dean of the International Institute of Green Finance at Central University of Finance and Economics, said that various platforms are exploring individual carbon emission standards, and their accumulated experience can also provide a basis for further opening up internal accounts and external transactions in the future.

Multi-incentive and inclusive mechanism to enhance the value of carbon reduction

　　Liu Shijin, deputy director of the Economic Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, said that the construction of a green micro-basic system focusing on carbon accounting and carbon accounts should be accelerated.

Carbon accounts should be established in all regions, including carbon accounts of enterprises and other institutions. Where conditions permit, individual carbon accounts can be established, and carbon emissions trading in the field of personal consumption can be added to the carbon market.

　　The reporter learned that there have been successful cases of carbon emission reductions obtained by personal consumption being traded in the carbon market.

In 2019, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transportation adopted the "government-enterprise cooperation" model and launched the Beijing MaaS platform in conjunction with AutoNavi.

When users travel by bus, track, walking, cycling, etc. on apps such as AutoNavi, they will accumulate carbon emission reductions. Users can use the MaaS platform to exchange their accumulated carbon emission reductions for bus cards, vouchers or transfer Carbon emission reductions are donated to environmental protection public welfare activities.

AutoNavi has also opened up the user's personal carbon emission reduction and carbon trading market, and the incentive for personal emission reduction is no longer just subsidized by the platform, but has become a sustainable behavior that is "paid" by the carbon market.

In 2021, a total of 24,500 tons of carbon emission reductions have been traded on AutoNavi's map, of which 15,000 tons were signed with Beijing Municipal Road and Bridge Building Materials Group Co., Ltd.

　　Professor Lan Hong, deputy director of the Eco-Finance Research Center of Renmin University of China, believes that the types and products of my country's carbon trading market will be more perfect in the future, and a national mandatory carbon trading market should be formed, with a voluntary carbon emission reduction market and carbon inclusive trading as the mainstay. Supplementary integrated development system.

　　However, at present, carbon emission reduction at the consumer end does not belong to the scope of the carbon market, nor does it belong to the scope of voluntary emission reduction.

Jiang Nanqing said that carbon emission reduction at the consumer end belongs to the future carbon inclusive market.

However, the personal carbon emission reduction is small. For example, one person may reduce carbon emission by up to 1 ton per year. According to the current carbon market price, the emission reduction does not exceed 100 yuan.

"How to establish a reverse coercion mechanism to make individual emission reductions more valuable is the main problem facing the carbon inclusive market," he said.

　　Jiang Nanqing believes that to increase the value of carbon reduction, it is necessary to adopt a diverse incentive and inclusive mechanism.

In addition to the carbon market, it also depends on the joint efforts of the government, policies, commercial organizations, and environmental protection organizations.

For example, the green points in the personal carbon account can not only be used for restaurant reservations, exchange for commodity discounts, etc., but also can be connected with the financial market, converted into bank account points, and even become personal carbon assets, green credit certificates, etc.

Jiang Nanqing said that another role of the personal carbon account is to force consumer goods companies to participate in carbon reduction.

At present, these enterprises are not covered by the national carbon market, but are directly related to users' domestic carbon emission reduction.

　　"Beijing 'Green Living Season' platform not only establishes a carbon account for everyone on the government side, digitally displays the city's public carbon reduction in real time, but also reflects the contribution of enterprises to the consumption-side carbon emission reduction, forming a tripartite joint effort between the government, enterprises and the public. The participating carbon books replace the single carbon inclusive model driven by the government or enterprises alone." Tao Lan said that participating enterprises can instantly view the contribution that drives users' emission reductions on the enterprise platform to form "enterprise carbon books" and "enterprise carbon accounts". ".