News 1+1丨Jiangxi, when the drought is in progress
This year, Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake, and the Yangtze River Basin where it is located are experiencing the worst meteorological drought since 1961.
According to the monitoring by the Meteorological Bureau of Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province, from July 1 to August 29, there have been 49 consecutive days of high temperature and no rainfall in the local area.
A few days ago, the Jiangxi Provincial Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters issued the "Guiding Opinions" and issued 30 measures for drought relief and disaster relief to protect people's livelihood and stabilize production.
Poyang Lake suffers worst meteorological drought since 1961
Every year, seven times and eight times are the flood season of the year, but this year, there has been a phenomenon of flood season in the Yangtze River Basin. From June 23 to August 28, the temperature in Jiangxi Province is 35 degrees. The number of high temperature days above has reached 48 days.
The cumulative average precipitation was 129 mm, 60% less than the same period of the previous year and the lowest in the same period in history since 1961.
The combination of two factors, "one high and one low", made Jiangxi encounter drought.
In 4 months, the area of the Tongjiang water body has shrunk from 4,000 square kilometers to less than 600 square kilometers.
In 2022, Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake, and its Yangtze River Basin are experiencing the worst meteorological drought since 1961.
What if the 39,000 people in Jiangxi have difficulty drinking water?
The high temperature and drought in Jiangxi affected 3.92 million people over the course of several months.
Because of the drought, there are 76,000 people who need assistance in their lives. Because of the drought, it is difficult to even drink water, and 39,000 people need assistance.
Headquarters reporter Liu Yuntong: As of 4 pm on the 30th, the water supply of 151 drinking water sources in Jiangxi is normal, and some areas have varying degrees of drought, especially when it comes to drinking water.
In some areas, new deep wells will be excavated, and in some places, the wells will even be drilled to 150 meters, and then pumping pumps will be added to pump water.
In some places like the Poyang Lake area, it uses, for example, to connect the waters in the lake area and dig new ditches to introduce water into the irrigation area or water intake area. Some cities also require hydropower stations with irrigation and drinking water needs. All electricity generation is stopped to meet normal water demand.
In some places where droughts occur relatively quickly and are more serious, the local fire rescue department will be dispatched in time. They will deliver water through fire trucks, which can meet the basic water consumption of the current residents. and other ways to solve the water problem.
Some areas may have thunderstorms and droughts continue
According to the statistics of the Meteorological Department, the number of counties with extreme drought in Jiangxi has decreased by 9 counties compared to the 28th on the 29th.
There will be a continuous non-high temperature weather in the future, and there will be no high temperature weather by the first ten days of September.
The decrease in temperature may not necessarily bring precipitation, because according to the forecast of the meteorological department, there will be showers or thunderstorms in parts of Jiangxi from the 30th to the 31st, but due to the small amount of rainfall, effective runoff cannot be formed, so the rivers and lakes reservoirs The water level may continue to decline, and the current drought may continue to be affected to some extent.
Protect people's livelihood and stabilize production! Jiangxi introduced 30 measures to combat drought
The Jiangxi Provincial Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters recently issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Doing a Good Job in Drought Relief and Disaster Relief", and issued 30 drought relief measures.
It is worth noting that this opinion focuses on ensuring food security. It requires a comprehensive assessment of the disaster situation of crops, comprehensive measures such as building irrigation and drainage stations, digging drought-resistant wells, and deploying water pumps, strengthening power security, optimizing the allocation of water sources, and doing everything possible to ensure agricultural irrigation. Water demand, for farmland without irrigation conditions or engineering water shortage, it is necessary to strengthen moisture conservation measures and find ways to carry out supplementary irrigation.
In addition, on August 24, the executive meeting of the State Council requested that we should do a good job in drought relief and disaster reduction, and set aside 10 billion yuan from the central reserve fund for drought relief and disaster relief, focusing on supporting the drought relief of middle rice.
How serious is the damage to crops in Jiangxi?
After this summer's drought, the affected area of crops in Jiangxi province was 7.462 million mu, of which 742,000 mu failed to harvest, resulting in a direct economic loss of 4.25 billion yuan.
In response to this situation, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs sent an expert group to Jiangxi to help farmers solve these real problems.
Lu Yongliang, a researcher at the China Rice Research Institute, a post expert in the National Rice Industry Technology System: In Xianyan Town, Yushan County, where we went, some local fields are relatively high in terrain. In the past, they were irrigated by small reservoirs or ponds above. Yes, but this year the reservoir has been depleted, so the rice will dry up in the seedling stage, and these fields will basically fail to harvest, so we recommend that these fields be replanted with other crops in the future.
Another type is middle rice, which is currently in the heading, flowering and grain filling stages.
Local farmers told us that these fields are also facing water shortages. If they cannot be irrigated in time, it will seriously affect the yield. It looks like there are a lot of rice paddies, but they are all empty.
Therefore, we must do everything possible to protect these fields in the drought resistance. I think this is a key point of drought resistance.
Where does agricultural irrigation water come from?
Lu Yongliang, a researcher at the China Rice Research Institute, a post expert in the National Rice Industry Technology System: Wells were drilled in some places we visited in the past two days. I think drilling wells to get water may also be one of the methods to fight drought, but it may not be applicable to hilly areas. Specific measures to combat drought should be taken according to local conditions, and measures should be adapted to local conditions.
At present, in addition to drilling wells, we mainly use some small water pumps, gasoline pumps or electric small water pumps, to pump the water sources that are not usually available in the nearby rivers to the fields through the water pumps.