News 1+1丨The high temperature and drought continue, how to guarantee the autumn harvest?
On August 17, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a high temperature red warning for the sixth consecutive day. Under the continuous high temperature, the drought situation in the six provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Basin developed rapidly.
Up to now, 12.32 million mu of arable land has been affected by drought in 6 provinces and cities including Sichuan and Chongqing.
How to deal with the impact of the current drought on crops?
How to fight drought and ensure a bumper harvest of autumn grain?
"News 1+1" connected with Fang Fuping, a researcher at the China Rice Research Institute and a member of the Rice Expert Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Wang Jingchen, head of the Agricultural Conditions Analysis and Research Center of Hunan Province, and the section chief of the Agricultural Conditions Dispatching Section.
Severe drought in the Yangtze River basin
How's it going?
Since the flood season this year, many provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Basin have been continuously affected by the combination of high temperature and low rainfall, resulting in the continuous decline of the water level of the Yangtze River, and the rare phenomenon of "reverse dry season during the flood season".
Many provinces and cities along the route also experienced droughts of varying degrees.
How is the situation everywhere?
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How do you view the impact of high temperature and drought on rice cultivation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River?
Fang Fuping, researcher of the China Rice Research Institute and member of the rice expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: This year's drought is more than in previous years. Some experts have analyzed that this year's high temperature comprehensive intensity has reached the strongest since 1961. After late June, continuous high temperature weather has occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River for more than 30 days. , and there are many high temperatures above 40 degrees.
It turned out that we said that in 2003, the production of rice in the first season of rice was more serious, and in 2013, there was a 10-year difference between the two times, and the high temperature was more serious, but this year's high temperature intensity has exceeded the previous two times.
Especially at present, August is the time when the mid-season rice is heading and blooming. At this time, the high temperature has the greatest impact on it, so it has caused a very negative impact, especially the duration is too high.
Insufficient water storage in some reservoirs
Drought resistance needs more attention
Fang Fuping, researcher of the China Rice Research Institute and member of the rice expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: In the past few days, we went to Ruichang, Yichun Yifeng, Shanggao in Jiujiang, Jiangxi, and Linchuan in Fuzhou. Including some hills and hills, and some "Wangtiantian" have experienced drought, some counties and cities reservoir water storage capacity is less than 40% of the reservoir capacity, the highest reaches 60%.
The main reason is that in some places, for the safety of flood control, too much water is released during the flood season, resulting in insufficient water storage now.
In particular, I am worried that the drought may continue for at least a week, so all localities should pay more attention.
Especially now not only is it drought, but the temperature is still very high, and the high temperature weather of more than 40 degrees continues in many places. The superposition of high temperature and drought has a greater impact on rice.
For example, during this period of time, the most impacted is the mid-season rice that is currently heading and blooming. At this time, high temperature heat damage can cause the anthers to not crack, reduce the amount of pollen on the stigma, cause the pollen to cause sterility, reduce the pollen vigor, and affect the ear setting. rate, especially the longer the duration, the more serious the hazard.
The area of arable land in 6 provinces and cities including Sichuan and Chongqing has reached 12.32 million mu
how to respond?
Since August 11, the six provinces and cities of Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Anhui in the Yangtze River Basin launched the four-level response to drought defense, and within a week or so today, the area affected by drought has expanded from 9.67 million mu to 1,232 acres. million acres.
Drought conditions mainly occurred at the end of the irrigation area, hills and hills and "Wangtian Tian" in the 6 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Basin.
At present, there are still about 50 days before the large-scale harvest of autumn grains, and in the next two weeks, the high temperature weather in southern my country will continue.
How to deal with drought resistance and autumn harvest?
Click on the video to learn more.
High temperature and drought will remain in Hunan in the next week
The impact on agriculture will continue to expand
Wang Jingchen, Section Chief of the Agricultural Situation Dispatching Section of the Hunan Agricultural Situation Analysis and Research Center: The high temperature drought in Hunan lasted for a long time and was intense, and the rainfall was 70% lower than normal, which has had a great impact on our current agricultural production.
The high temperature and drought in Hunan will continue in the next week, and the most worrying thing now is that the area of crops affected by drought in the province will further expand.
The late-sown middle rice is in the critical period of yield formation. Continued high temperature and drought will lead to a decrease in the ear setting rate and an increase in shriveled grains. The regeneration rice is in the harvesting period of the first season of the first rice and the leaf bud growth of the second season, and the drought will seriously affect the seedlings of the regeneration rice. Height and leaf length; late rice is in the tillering stage, and the water storage is relatively strong, and drought will affect the formation of its effective ears, resulting in reduced yield.
Of course, the most worrying thing is the late rice. The late rice is currently the largest in the field, and the affected area is also the largest, and the high temperature will continue for a few days.
Our current severe drought area is also an area with more late rice planting area.
So from this perspective, the impact on agricultural production will be further expanded.
Drought Resistant and Autumn Grain Harvest
What preparations did Hunan do?
Wang Jingchen, chief of the agricultural situation dispatching section of the Hunan Agricultural Analysis and Research Center: This year, the meteorological department issued an early warning for the high temperature and drought in August. Therefore, this year Hunan has comprehensively strengthened the water storage and water conservation work of reservoirs, lakes and other water conservancy projects. At the end of July In the past, various types of water conservancy water storage in the province were relatively sufficient.
However, Hunan is dominated by hills and mountainous areas, and the "Wangtian Tian" in the mountainous areas has problems of drinking water and cannot be irrigated, which has caused the further spread of the current drought.
At present, the average daily water consumption in Hunan has reached 220 million cubic meters. From the perspective of overall water storage, the previous period was more than in previous years, and now it is basically the same.
In terms of agriculture, we have done some preparatory work. First, we have done a good job in the reserve and transportation of water pumps and other drought-resistant agricultural machinery. On the whole, the reserves are very sufficient, which can fully meet the current agricultural drought-relief needs. At the same time, we have also introduced agricultural diesel. Relatively preferential policies have reduced the cost of drought resistance.