China News Service, Tibet, Ali, August 11 (Reporter Sun Zifa) "Specifications for field scientific expeditions must first accurately record the names, latitude and longitude, altitude and other information of scientific expedition (sampling) sites" "When conducting preliminary research and judgment on strata, you can also lick the Take a look at the sand and gravel samples, taste the thickness, saltiness and whether they are sticking to the tongue." "Glaciers can be divided into four types: ice bucket glaciers, mountain glaciers, foothill glaciers and ice sheets"...

　　In the past few days, researcher Chen Fahu, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Institute of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has continued to open a "classroom" on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the "roof of the world", accompanied by blue sky and white clouds, snow-capped mountains and lakes and the sunshine of the plateau. Preaching, teaching and solving doubts with master students, not only practiced "writing papers on the land of the motherland", but also "set the classroom for scientific research inheritance and education on the plateau of the motherland".

　　The second Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Comprehensive Scientific Expedition Research (Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition) "History of Human Activities and Its Influence" team, which will carry out the scientific expedition mission in the summer of 2022, set off from Lhasa at the end of July, and officially started the "Comprehensive investigation of the relationship between people and land on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau".

As the chief scientist of this scientific expedition team, Academician Chen Fahu and the expedition teammates traveled all the way to eat and sleep together, and walked together on the plateau to investigate and research specific scientific research sites. He has to teach the team members according to the specific situation of the test center.

Academician Chen Fahu (hand-held camera) invited professional expedition team members to explain and interact with each other at a plateau with characteristic landforms along the scientific expedition.

Photo by China News Agency reporter Sun Zifa

　　When the scientific expedition team went to Yadong County and passed the Zhuomulari Snow Mountain, Chen Fahu opened a "glacier class" and pointed out that the two commonalities of glaciers include that glaciers are sedimentary rocks and glaciers are moving. According to the shape, scale and topography of glaciers According to the conditions, glaciers can be divided into four types: ice bucket glaciers, mountain glaciers, foothill glaciers and ice sheets. It also explains in detail the erosion, transportation and accumulation of glaciers, as well as edge ridges, horn peaks, U-shaped valleys, moraine landforms, etc. The formation process of different glacial landforms.

　　At the Gebusailu site in Zanda County, Chen Fahu explained how to preliminarily study and judge the stratum, and proposed that he could lick and taste the sand and gravel in the formation, and make a preliminary judgment according to the thickness, saltiness and tongue of the sample, and personally lick the number of sand and gravel in the formation. times as an example.

This great scientist's particularly down-to-earth words and deeds in the plateau classroom can be called "in ancient times, Shennong tasted all kinds of herbs, and now there are academicians licking sand and gravel", which surprised the drivers of the scientific expedition team and moved the scientific expedition team members. deep impression.

　　At the Zhongba Wetland Site, Chen Fahu believes that the area is a typical aeolian sand-wetland landform, suitable for early human habitation.

On a well-preserved section of the site, he analyzed in detail that the bottom of the section is a typical gray-white lake/wetland deposit, and a gray-black humus layer developed on it, indicating that the climate was warm and humid at that time, and the human activity surface was located in the humus layer. Above, and further up are typical aeolian loess deposits, indicating a drying climate.

He also reminded the expedition team members that better research on the relationship between environmental changes and human activities can be carried out using this profile.

　　At the Xiadacuo site in Ritu County, Chen Fahu, based on the local paleoclimatic background and the research conclusions of related sites, speculates that human activities were seasonal at that time, and ancient humans may not have settled in a certain place for a long time. He believes that high-resolution geological maps can be used. Look for the limestone caves that were inhabited by humans at the time, and you may find even greater discoveries.

He also further compared the similarities and differences between traditional archaeological research and modern basic scientific research, and pointed out that compared with archaeology's striving for authenticity and comprehensiveness, scientific research needs to be more innovative and leading, so as to have pioneering results.

　　When visiting the Qumeixionggu Ruins Memorial Hall, a famous patriotic education base on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Academician Chen Fahu encouraged the expedition team members to learn history, remember history, and serve the country with science and technology, so as to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance for China and build a world power in science and technology. contribute.

　　"The education taught by words and deeds in this scientific examination allows us to master and learn relevant professional knowledge faster." Huang Yi, a member of the scientific examination team and a doctoral student at Tibet University who was just admitted to Tibet University under the guidance of Academician Chen Fahu, said that in order to explain how to initially research and judge collection The nature and characteristics of the formation sand and gravel samples, Mr. Chen personally licked the sand and gravel as a demonstration, this scientific research spirit is very worthwhile for the younger generation to learn.

　　It is also worth learning that Academician Chen Fahu's "Plateau Classroom" is not a "one-word classroom", but a scientific, serious, open and lively "Plateau Forum". While giving lectures, he also acts as the moderator of the forum. Based on the specific conditions of the scientific examination center, invites are invited. The expedition team members in relevant scientific research directions gave targeted explanations and proposed different topics for the expedition team members to communicate and debate on the spot.

　　In addition, this "Academician Classroom" on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is also a mobile classroom. On the way from one scientific test site to another, tens or even hundreds of kilometers, Chen Fahu also used the intercom system of the scientific expedition team to play an important role in the passage outside the window. Plateau lakes, characteristic topography, etc., organize scientific expedition team members to discuss and exchange in a timely manner.

　　According to Hou Juzhi, researcher of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the leader of this scientific expedition team, the plateau "Academician Classroom" in this scientific expedition, interpreting the history and influence of human existence from different disciplinary perspectives, is to carry out brainstorming through multi-disciplinary cross-cutting. , The vivid practice of ideological collision.

　　Liang Siran, a member of the scientific expedition, a doctoral student jointly trained by the Institute of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Technical University of Braunschweig in Germany, said that before this scientific expedition, her fieldwork was to eat and live with herdsmen on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. She ate and lived with the scientists on the plateau. For her, who studied anthropology, herdsmen and scientists were a bit mysterious.

　　"The mysterious Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has attracted many scientists, explorers and adventurers from home and abroad, and it also provides more information on the physical and human geography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the past." Academician Chen Fahu concluded that most of the time this Qinghai-Tibet scientific expedition was at an altitude of 4500- It is carried out between 5,200 meters and covers many aspects such as geography, archaeology, history, paleoenvironment, paleoecology, plateau uplift and landform evolution.

　　He emphasized that in the plateau field class of the Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition Team, the expedition team members explained relevant scientific trends and problems in their respective fields, and carried out comprehensive and in-depth exchanges and discussions, which not only improved the overall level of the scientific research team, but also contributed to the production of industrial products. Lay a long-term foundation for producing cutting-edge scientific and technological achievements in the world and serving major national needs.

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