With the continuous expansion of the path to further studies, secondary vocational education will no longer be the end of vocational education——

　　[Will you still be anxious when you choose vocational education? ①] When you go to school in a proper way, are you still anxious in the face of "general vocational diversion"?

　　Our reporter Zhang Qiang

　　In the "reservoir" of skilled personnel training, vocational education is very important.

However, for a long time, the social recognition of vocational education is not high.

What should I do if my child fails to enter high school and is "diverted" to a vocational school?

If you can't go to college, is it "lower class" to go to a higher vocational school?

Many parents have been anxious about this.

　　Today, from top-level design to practice in various places, all parties in the society are working together to promote the gradual improvement of the modern vocational education system and provide young people with diverse paths to success: Vocational and college entrance examinations have opened up the "broken road" for the development of secondary vocational education; vocational undergraduate universities are committed to Cultivate high-skilled talents with stronger technological innovation ability and solid theoretical foundation; lower the employment restrictions for vocational school students to institutions and state-owned enterprises, and open up exports to "clear the barriers" for employment; high-end industries represented by emerging industries, high-tech industries, etc. The industry is thirsty for high-skilled vocational school students... Vocational education presents a vibrant new atmosphere, which is promoting the transformation of society's concept of vocational education.

From today, this edition will launch a series of reports "Choose Vocational Education, Are You Still Anxious?", please pay attention.

　　In April this year, Wang Ziran, who graduated from Qingdao Tourism School, was admitted to Nanjing Normal University as a graduate student majoring in vocational and technical education.

"I hope I can return to my alma mater after graduation, and help more students who failed to get into the general high school enter the ivory tower." As a beneficiary of vocational education, Wang Ziran said.

　　In recent years, many secondary vocational students, like Wang Ziran, have passed the vocational education college entrance examination and entered the university to continue their studies.

Among the more than 13 million secondary vocational students, such stories are increasing.

　　Nowadays, the policy for further education in secondary vocational schools has been gradually relaxed. For example, Qingdao has explored and tried teaching modes such as 3+4, score band, 3+1+2, etc., paving the way for vocational students to connect from top to bottom, from left to right, and from school to enterprise. system.

The new Vocational Education Law, which came into effect on May 1 this year, also provides a legal basis for opening up the passage of secondary vocational students.

Vocational students in middle school have a proper way to go to school. More and more students and parents no longer hold prejudice against vocational education, but realize more exciting life through the "track" of vocational education.

　　Connecting up and down, another "track" to college

　　Wang Ziran, who took the last mock exam in the third year of junior high school, was lost, and his grades could only barely advance to high school.

When filling out the application form, the head teacher recommended the 3+4 pilot class of vocational high school to him.

　　The Ministry of Education stated that it is necessary to establish a vocational education college entrance examination system during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, so that the vocational education college entrance examination will become the main channel for higher vocational education enrollment.

As a pilot province for the vocational education college entrance examination, Shandong began to explore the vocational education college entrance examination system in 2012.

In 2016, as the first batch of pilot cities in Shandong Province, Qingdao explored and tried the 3+4 secondary vocational and undergraduate training model, and selected the second and third echelon students to enter vocational schools, receiving 3 years of professional and basic education, through transfer. After the Duan Examination, students will be promoted to the corresponding undergraduate institutions for 4 years of full-time university education.

　　"The 3+4 education model aims to 'build outstanding engineers', and hopes to cultivate a group of high-caliber students in professional fields through three years of professional study and four years of strengthening theoretical knowledge." said the relevant person in charge of the Vocational Education Office of the Qingdao Municipal Education Bureau. "The 3+4 education model allows students with mid-level academic performance to enter a vocational school and get into the corresponding first-class undergraduate colleges in a relatively easy way, rather than entering the 'bottom' of high school and getting into three junior colleges and colleges."

　　After three years of study in vocational school, Wang Ziran received professional education in parallel with theory and practice. For basic subjects such as language, mathematics and English, the school not only uses the same teaching materials as ordinary high schools, but also selects excellent teachers from ordinary high schools, and regularly teaches and prepares lessons. Improve the level of team teaching.

　　Through the spring college entrance examination, Wang Ziran was successfully admitted to Shandong Normal University, majoring in tourism management.

During the school, he has won the second place in Shandong Province Tour Guide Competition, won the Jinan May 1st Labor Medal, Jinan Outstanding Youth Post Operation Expert and other honors.

　　At present, a total of 11 secondary vocational schools in Qingdao have carried out "3+4" cooperation with 6 undergraduate colleges and universities including Qingdao University, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, and 5,419 students have been promoted to undergraduate colleges.

　　"Compared with the students enrolled in the summer college entrance examination, vocational school students have obvious advantages in terms of professional quality and practical ability, which is very in line with the development trend of the country to cultivate compound application talents." said Sun Fengzhi, a professor and doctoral supervisor of Shandong Normal University Business School.

　　The left and right are integrated, and the general education and vocational education can "switch" independently

　　"In the past, the biggest focus of general vocational anxiety was that if the scores did not reach the threshold, they would be 'diverted' to vocational schools. The pressure of 'one test for life' once exceeded that of the college entrance examination, which was relatively unfair to students who did not perform well in the middle school entrance examination or had sufficient stamina. .” The relevant person in charge of the Vocational Education Office of the Qingdao Municipal Education Bureau introduced that the bottleneck of vocational education promotion was broken. Qingdao focused on breaking the barriers between general high schools and vocational schools, and launched a series of reform measures: proposed the “score band” admission method for the senior high school entrance examination, and the “score band” admission method. There are general high schools, comprehensive high schools, and general vocational integration enrollment plans in the "belt" to provide candidates with more ways to go to school; in vocational schools, the pilot program of general vocational integration is carried out. Joint training, with the goal of entering the undergraduate course to participate in the vocational education college entrance examination.

　　In 2018, Lin Guiduo, who failed to "reach the line" in the senior high school entrance examination, entered the general vocational integration class of Qingdao Tourism School. Last year, she was successfully admitted to the scenic spot operation major of Tai'an University with a score of 160 points higher than the undergraduate line.

Recalling the hesitation and frustration when I first entered the school, Lin Guiduo said: "The teachers in the school did not lower the requirements for us. Their care and responsibility and the strong learning atmosphere of the school helped me regain my goal."

　　"The fit is the best".

At present, 21 vocational schools in Qingdao have set up general vocational integration classes, which are jointly run with ordinary high schools. Last year, the undergraduates in the pilot classes of general vocational integration in the city reached 89.4%.

"This year, Shandong Province continued to significantly expand the vocational education college entrance examination admission plan on the basis of last year's 17,000 undergraduate enrollment plan, from 15,000 last year to 60,000 next year, and students with general high school status are not allowed to participate. Students are a very positive trend." said Sun Xincheng, principal of Qingdao Tourism School.

　　In addition to Qingdao, now, vocational education college entrance examinations are blooming in many places across the country.

Vocational education college entrance examination, which is based on "cultural quality + vocational skills", has become the main channel for vocational schools to recruit students. The national higher vocational classification examination has enrolled more than 3 million people, more than 60% of the total number of higher vocational enrollments.

As Chen Ziji, director of the Vocational Education Department of the Ministry of Education, said: "Secondary vocational education is the starting point, not the end, of vocational education."

　　"Children will also have the opportunity to go to college after they go to secondary vocational school. 'General vocational diversion' is no longer so scary, which also eases the anxiety of parents." Some parents interviewed said.

　　School-enterprise connection, secondary vocational students do not "give up skills"

　　After the expansion of the path for secondary vocational students to study, students can not only study for junior colleges, undergraduates, but also masters and doctors, which greatly enhances the attractiveness of vocational education and directly improves the quality of students.

Deng Yunfeng, director of the Shandong Provincial Department of Education, said that last year, 29,500 students in the province reached the general high school entrance examination line but chose to attend vocational schools, and 17,000 students transferred from general high school to secondary vocational studies.

Among them, 4,680 high school entrance examination students in Qingdao chose to study in vocational schools, and the number of vocational education enrollments increased by 9.4% against the trend.

　　However, under the positioning of "employment and further education", how to ensure the type characteristics of secondary vocational education instead of aligning with ordinary high school education, so that secondary vocational students do not give up "skills" in their studies, has become a matter of great concern.

　　"Many vocational school students have gone through professional studies in school, but they are still confused when they enter the workshop, and the disconnect between production and education is serious." said Liu Yuanfu, principal of Jiaozhou Vocational Education Center School.

　　In order to allow vocational school students to truly learn the practical skills of the production line, and to be able to work independently after graduation, the Qingdao Municipal Education Bureau took the Jiaozhou Vocational Education Center School as a pilot project and cooperated with Qingdao Haier (Jiaozhou) Air Conditioning Co., Ltd. to design and plan the "3+1" The +2" vocational education system makes the production standards of enterprises become the teaching standards of vocational schools, and cultivates more high-level industrial workers suitable for the production line.

　　In 2018, Song Cheng entered the intelligent manufacturing department of the school to study mechatronics. After graduating from three-year vocational education, he entered Haier for an internship. During the period, he enjoyed the full salary of Haier interns. After the one-year internship period, he can be promoted to the joint office with excellent performance. After two years of further study, not only the tuition fee will be borne by the company during the period, but it can also be included in the length of service. After graduation, he will be directly promoted to Haier Assistant Engineer.

　　Many experts said that secondary vocational education is still employment education in essence, and it is necessary to use examinations and evaluations to test out real majors and real skills, so as to establish the skills orientation of vocational education.

At the same time, it is even more necessary to strengthen the vocational education gene of the integration of production and education.