China News Service, July 21. At the press conference held by the Ministry of Emergency Management on the morning of the 21st, Chen Sheng, Director of the Monitoring and Disaster Reduction Department of the Ministry of Emergency Management, introduced that recently, the National Disaster Reduction Committee issued the "14th Five-Year Plan" National Comprehensive Disaster Prevention and Control. Disaster Reduction Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), which is the fourth comprehensive plan for disaster prevention and reduction at the national level in my country. It is of great significance to promote the modernization of natural disaster prevention and control systems and prevention and control capabilities.
During the preparation of the Plan, the following points were highlighted:
One is to highlight the times.
The "Plan" runs through the central government's new positioning, new concepts, and new requirements for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work, and summarizes the achievements and experience since the reform of the national emergency management system and mechanism in 2018. Adhering to the principle of people first, life first, adherence to bottom-line thinking, Limit thinking, transform the political advantages of the party's centralized and unified leadership and the institutional advantages of socialism's centralized power to do major affairs into development advantages, accelerate the filling of shortcomings in disaster prevention and mitigation infrastructure, and build a modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. natural disaster prevention system.
The second is to highlight leadership.
The "Plan" implements the requirements of "two perseverance and three transformations", sets goals in terms of systems and mechanisms, disaster prevention and defense, monitoring and early warning, risk assessment, grass-roots disaster reduction, disaster relief and assistance, etc. Make overall plans for major tasks and key projects, realize a nationwide game of chess, and improve the overall capability and level of disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief across the country.
The third is to highlight the fundamentals.
The "Plan" insists on basing itself on reality, strengthening the foundation, combining prevention and control, and comprehensively implementing policies, improving the level of natural disaster prevention in urban and rural areas, and consolidating the foundation for prevention and response of the whole society.
Focus on linking up with the natural disaster prevention and control projects that have been deployed and implemented, and promote the implementation of the reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs, the prevention and control of mountain torrents, the protection of drought-resistant water supply, urban flood control and waterlogging control, comprehensive management of geological disasters, rural dilapidated houses renovation, and earthquake-prone areas. Facility reinforcement, fire emergency roads in key forest areas, etc., at the same time, implement the grass-roots emergency capacity improvement plan, promote the grid management of disaster risks, promote the standardization of emergency capacity in grass-roots communities, and enhance the national awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation and self-rescue and mutual rescue capabilities. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation People's Defense Line.
The fourth is to highlight comprehensiveness.
In the reform practice in recent years, some regions and departments have reported that there is an urgent need for improvement in the investigation and management of potential risks, overall coordination of all parties, comprehensive emergency protection, and in-depth social participation. In this regard, the "Plan" proposes the compilation of comprehensive risk maps for natural disasters and prevention and control zoning. Main tasks and key projects such as building a comprehensive disaster monitoring and early warning system, strengthening the linkage mechanism of disaster early warning and emergency response, strengthening emergency force construction and material equipment support, strengthening natural disaster insurance services, etc. question.
The fifth is to highlight forward-looking.
Under the background of global climate change, the "Plan" grasps the characteristics of disasters, such as the gestation, occurrence and evolution of disasters, and makes overall plans to strengthen scientific research and technical research on disaster prevention and mitigation, promote the construction of disciplines and majors, build a national disaster prevention science city, and build a science popularization and education base, etc. The main tasks and key projects are to provide talent reserves and technical reserves for disaster prevention and mitigation in order to adapt to the new situation and new requirements, enhance development potential, and improve the ability to prevent and respond to major disasters such as major earthquakes and floods in extreme cases.
Chen Sheng pointed out that the overall goal of the "Plan" is anchored in the 14th Five-Year Plan for my country's national economic and social development and the 2035 long-term goal outline. From the first stage to 2025, the basic establishment of overall planning and efficiency, clear responsibilities, combination of prevention and control, and social participation. , A natural disaster prevention and control system that is in harmony with the high-quality economic and social development; the second stage strives to basically realize the modernization of the natural disaster prevention and control system and prevention and control capabilities by 2035, and the prevention and response to major and major disasters will be more effective, orderly and effective.
Under the overall goal, the "Planning" clarifies 6 sub-targets, 12 main tasks in 2 major sections.
The first is to focus on improving the system and mechanism, on the one hand, strengthen the standardization construction, revise and improve the laws and regulations on disaster prevention and mitigation, establish and improve the investigation and evaluation system for major and extraordinarily serious disasters, and improve various disaster emergency plans and standards in various fields. Improve the comprehensive coordination mechanism for natural disaster prevention and control, and improve the work pattern of joint management and coordination.
The second is to focus on reducing disaster risks, highlighting source management and control, incorporating disaster risk assessment into the requirements of territorial and spatial planning, building a national natural disaster comprehensive risk basic database, compiling comprehensive risk maps and prevention and control zoning maps, and the public coverage rate of early warning information release will reach 90% %, the average annual disaster-related death rate per million population is controlled within 1, and the annual average disaster-affected population is within 15,000 per 100,000 people, striving to minimize disaster risks.
The third is to focus on efficient disaster relief and rescue, increase the central disaster relief material reserve, improve the disaster relief emergency response mechanism and various relief policies, and strengthen the linkage between early warning and emergency response. The safety of people's lives is put first.
The fourth is to focus on consolidating the foundation of disaster prevention and mitigation, deploy major projects for disaster prevention and mitigation technology support capacity building, encourage the development of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief industries, consolidate the grass-roots organizational system for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, and extensively carry out disaster prevention and mitigation science education. The village (community) has at least 1 disaster information officer