Through the administrative supervision of natural resources and disciplinary inspection, supervision, supervision and rectification, the illegal occupation of cultivated land
Where there is land, there is food
Our reporter Huang Qiuxia Zuo Handi
On July 14, the National Bureau of Statistics released data showing that in 2022, the total output of summer grain in the country will be 147.39 million tons, an increase of 1.434 million tons or 1.0% over the previous year.
In the context of the continuous spread of the global epidemic, the intertwining and overlapping of multiple risk factors, and the high international food prices, the summer grains have resisted disasters and ensured a bumper harvest, adding confidence to deal with risks and challenges.
"Where there is land, there is food." Cultivated land is the lifeblood of food production.
What is the current situation of cultivated land protection in my country?
What outstanding issues need to be addressed?
How can the discipline inspection and supervision organs strengthen political supervision, keep the red line of arable land, and ensure food security?
The reporter interviewed a number of responsible comrades from relevant departments.
Grain output has been stable at more than 650 billion kilograms for 7 consecutive years, but the trend of national arable land needs to be highly vigilant
In August 2021, the results of the third national land survey will be released.
Data show that at the end of 2019, the country’s arable land was 1.918 billion mu. In the past 10 years, the country’s arable land category has decreased by 113 million mu; the per capita arable land area is 1.36 mu, less than 40% of the world average.
"The more we have food, the more we have to think about the time when we have no food. I have said repeatedly that the Chinese people's rice bowl must be firmly in their own hands at all times. We must not let others block us on the basic survival issue of eating. neck.” At the Central Economic Work Conference held in December of the same year, General Secretary Xi Jinping warned earnestly.
Food is the leader of the government, and grain is the life of the people.
After arduous efforts, my country has achieved a historic change from a few decades ago when 400 million people could not have enough to eat to more than 1.4 billion people who are well fed today, effectively answering the question of "who will feed the Chinese people".
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's grain production has been bumper year after year, and the grain output has been stable at more than 650 billion kilograms for seven consecutive years.
"But we must also be soberly aware that my country's food security foundation is still not solid, the spatial distribution of arable land resources is uneven, the overall quality is not high, and more than half of the arable land is harvested from the sky. Especially in the current world, which is unprecedented in a century, and the intertwined epidemic situation of the century. , economic globalization has encountered adverse currents, the world has entered a new period of turbulent changes, and tight balance is still the long-term trend of food security." said the responsible comrade of the relevant department of the Ministry of Natural Resources.
A mathematical problem reveals the importance of strictly adhering to the red line of cultivated land to ensure national food security: my country has a population of more than 1.4 billion, and consumes 700,000 tons of grain, 98,000 tons of oil, 1.92 million tons of vegetables and 230,000 tons of meat every day. Huge consumer demand, the annual crop sown area needs to be stabilized at 2.3 billion to 2.4 billion mu. According to the multiple cropping index of 1.3 (the average number of crops planted on the same plot of arable land in a certain period of time), the arable land must be kept at 18. 100 million mu, this is the bottom line to ensure that the Chinese people have meals on time every day and never go hungry.
Chen Xiuxin, director of the comprehensive division of the cultivated land protection supervision department of the Ministry of Natural Resources, told reporters that in recent years, my country's cultivated land protection has been continuously increased. From a national perspective, the current amount of cultivated land is controlled within the national plan. In view of the decreasing trend of cultivated land area, the situation of cultivated land protection is not optimistic, and the strictest cultivated land protection system must be adhered to.
Issues such as "greenhouses", indiscriminate occupation of cultivated land to build houses in rural areas, and construction of "private manors" that destroy the ecological environment have impacted the order of land use.
It is understood that since the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources in 2018, a total of 290,700 land violation cases have been investigated and dealt with nationwide, and 14,047 people have been transferred to the discipline inspection and supervision organs for party discipline and government sanctions; the Ministry has listed 20 cases and publicly notified 240 land violation cases...
The reporter combed through the relevant cases publicly reported by the Ministry of Natural Resources and various localities and found that the chaos in cultivated land protection is mainly manifested in the illegal occupation of cultivated land, digging lakes and landscaping, illegally changing the use of cultivated land for non-agricultural construction, "greenhouses", and illegal occupation of cultivated land in rural areas. housing, destroying the ecology and building "private estates".
Among them, the "greenhouse" problem is characterized by "stealing beams and replacing pillars", using the name of agricultural greenhouses to build non-agricultural facilities such as housing, catering, and entertainment, or illegally use agricultural facilities for non-agricultural operations.
Rural occupation of cultivated land to build houses refers to all kinds of houses built on cultivated land without legal and compliant land use procedures or incomplete procedures.
The problem of "private manor" is characterized by touching the red line of cultivated land protection and often destroying the ecological environment.
For example, an agricultural investment company in Datong City, Shanxi Province built catering, entertainment, training and teaching facilities in 8 steel frame greenhouses, occupying 105.20 mu of arable land; an industrial land in Jiuxian Street, Malong District, Qujing City, Yunnan Province was found to have occupied 51.12 acres of arable land. mu.
Some cases also involve the issue of "resurgence".
For example, the illegally built villas of Longtai Animal Husbandry in Xiaofu'an Tunnel, Dafu'an Village, Chaoyangshan Town, Panshi City, Jilin Province should have been confiscated, and "three cleanups", "two breaks" and "three seals" were carried out, but the relevant departments did not find the new projects in time Excessive construction, as well as unauthorized changes to construction plans and encroachment on general cultivated land.
The essence of all kinds of chaos is to change the nature and use of cultivated land in violation of laws and regulations, change the function of agricultural production, and touch the red line of cultivated land protection, resulting in “non-agricultural” and “non-food” cultivated land used for agricultural planting, destroying normal land use. order, and more directly affect the national grain production capacity and ecological environment protection.
Cui Ying, director of the Law Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources, believes that lack of awareness, interest-driven, lax land use supervision and law enforcement, and imperfect related policies are the main reasons.
"Although many places have an understanding of cultivated land protection, when it comes to specific problems, they can't go deeper and exploit more loopholes. The investigation and punishment are not strict enough, the accountability is not strict, and the rectification is not in-depth. The supervision is not in place, and the relevant laws and regulations are not clear enough."
Focusing on the outstanding problems of cultivated land protection, the Ministry of Natural Resources, together with various regions and departments, carried out special clean-up and rectification actions for the "greenhouse" problem and "look back", the special rectification of rural occupation of cultivated land for building houses, and the investigation of the problem of destroying the ecological environment and building "private manor". Rectification and other three key rectification work, hundreds of typical cases were publicly notified to the public, and they actively accepted supervision.
The rectification work focuses on in-depth.
According to reports, the National Natural Resources Inspectorate has conducted supervision and inspection on the protection of cultivated land by the provincial government for four consecutive years, and issued inspection opinions to the provincial government for the outstanding problems of "non-agriculturalization" and "non-grainization" found to urge strict rectification.
Through routine inspections, special inspections, daily inspections and other methods to grasp the protection and utilization of cultivated land, take the initiative to interview and urge the provincial government to interview the heads of 97 prefecture-level and municipal governments, and consolidate the local main responsibility.
In 2021, the Ministry of Natural Resources conducted mineral resource inspections in 9 provinces and found that after the issuance of the relevant notice to resolutely stop the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land, there are still 75 mining projects that illegally occupy 2,703.68 mu of cultivated land (including 1,081.97 mu of permanent basic farmland). , has been notified in this system, requiring local rectification.
On July 3, 2020, the State Council held a video and teleconference to resolutely curb the newly added illegal occupation of arable land and building houses with a "zero tolerance" attitude.
Since then, any houses that illegally occupy cultivated land to build, expand, renew or sell illegally belong to "unauthorized construction". If they are discovered, disposed of, and exposed, the clues of the problem will be handed over to the discipline inspection and supervision organs and judicial organs for strict investigation. responsibility.
"While strengthening supervision and strict law enforcement, management and services must also be improved." Cui Ying pointed out that the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs have jointly issued the "Notice on Guaranteeing Rational Use of Land for Rural Villagers' Housing Construction" and "On Rural Occupation of Cultivated Land." The Notice of "Eight Prohibitions" for Building Houses", to prevent and resolve the problem of rural occupation of farmland and building houses from two aspects: dredging and blocking.
Take hard measures of "long teeth" to strictly adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land
To protect arable land, it is necessary to strictly delineate the red line of arable land and permanent basic farmland and put it on the map above.
The reporter learned that, in accordance with the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the Ministry of Natural Resources, together with relevant departments, has launched a pilot program for the delineation of "three districts and three lines" in five provinces including Zhejiang and Jiangxi. The “three lines” are the corresponding three control lines of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries.
"It is worth noting that when delineating the 'three districts and three lines', the protection of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland is the first priority, ensuring that high-quality cultivated land should be demarcated and protected as much as possible." Chen Xiuxin told reporters, in addition to Except for the strictly limited 6 categories of reasonable circumstances, all current cultivated land must be classified into the red line of cultivated land protection, and the location should be broken down and released, and the "number, line, and map" should be consistent, as the basis for long-term supervision of cultivated land protection.
It is very important to strictly control the use of cultivated land and to implement the "two balances".
"For a long time, we have strictly controlled the conversion of cultivated land into construction land. If non-agricultural construction does need to occupy cultivated land, a balance of occupation and compensation must be implemented. The amount and quality of cultivated land must be supplemented with the occupied land." Chen Xiuxin said that in recent years, the Ministry of Natural Resources has tightened Keeping an eye on the authenticity of the supplementary farmland, since 2018, it has organized and carried out supplementary farmland verification for four consecutive years, involving 158,000 supplementary farmland projects, with an average of 5.2% of the problems identified. letter.
At the same time, a supplementary farmland disclosure system has been established, and information on more than 40,000 supplementary farmland projects has been publicly disclosed through departmental household websites to actively accept social supervision.
According to the results of the third national land survey, in the past 10 years, the net flow of cultivated land to forest land was 112 million mu, and the net flow to garden land was 63 million mu.
In this context, the policy of import and export balance came into being, and together with the balance of occupation and compensation, it constituted a double line of defense to resolutely stop the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land and prevent the "non-grainization" of cultivated land.
"The adjustment of agricultural structure and land greening have become the main reasons for the reduction of cultivated land. In order to maintain the red line of cultivated land, the conversion of cultivated land to other types of agricultural land such as forest land and garden land should also be strictly controlled." Chen Xiuxin introduced that at the end of last year, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs The "Notice on Issues Concerning Strict Control of the Use of Cultivated Land" issued by the Ministry of Forestry and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, establishes a new system of "balance in and out" of cultivated land, and clearly requires that the cultivated land be converted into other agricultural land such as forest land, grassland and garden land, and land for the construction of agricultural facilities. , must make up the same quantity and quality of arable land that can be used stably for a long time within the year.
Chen Xiuxin said: "To implement the 'balance in and out' of cultivated land, we must grasp two points. First, we must strictly control the quality and layout of 'in and out balance' of cultivated land. On the other hand, it is necessary to gradually adjust the land use method that does not conform to the natural geographical pattern, and guide the planting of fruit trees and forests on steep slopes and mountains, and gradually restore the original fruit trees and forests on the plains to cultivated land, and optimize the spatial layout. The second is to restore cultivated land. Adhere to seeking truth from facts, be safe and orderly, effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers, and resolutely prevent 'simplification' and 'one size fits all'."
Conservation and intensification is an important means to promote the occupation of less and less cultivated land.
In recent years, the Ministry of Natural Resources has focused on strictly controlling new additions and revitalizing existing reserves to promote the economical and intensive use of land.
It is understood that the Ministry of Natural Resources has improved the way of issuing new construction land indicators. In addition to the implementation of "indicators follow the project" for national and provincial key projects, the new land indicators for urban construction and local projects have been digested and revitalized. The amount of idle land is linked, which forces the stock of land to be revitalized. In the past four years, the country has disposed of 13.72 million mu of land approved before the end of 2018 but not available for use, and 4.36 million mu of idle land.
The system has been established, how to make it "charged teeth"?
Chen Xiuxin said that in the next step, according to the "three districts and three lines" delineation results and national land space planning at local levels, the responsibility letter for cultivated land protection objectives will be signed step by step.
On this basis, strengthen the dynamic monitoring and supervision of the protection and utilization of local cultivated land, timely grasp the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation, the implementation of “balance in and out” and the changes in cultivated land quality, and include it in the assessment of the responsibility for cultivated land protection.
Party committees and governments at all levels have been assessed to consolidate their responsibilities for the protection of cultivated land. Provinces that have achieved the protection goals and have achieved remarkable results are rewarded, and compensatory punishments are implemented for those who fail to achieve the protection goals.
At the same time, accelerate the promotion of the "Cultivated Land Protection Law" and other legislative processes, and elevate requirements and policy measures such as the equal responsibility of the party and the government for cultivated land protection, the annual "balance of in and out" of cultivated land, and the prohibition of "non-agricultural" and "non-grain" cultivation of cultivated land. Regulation.
Strengthen political supervision, promote rectification work, and consolidate the responsibility for protecting cultivated land resources
Where the Party Central Committee's decision-making is deployed, political supervision will follow up.
"As the main responsible department for cultivated land protection, the implementation of the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment of cultivated land protection by the party group and the bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources is the most important supervision." The main responsible comrades of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervision Commission in the Ministry of Natural Resources Disciplinary Inspection and Supervision introduced that the discipline inspection and supervision The group urges the Ministry of Natural Resources to establish a work ledger in combination with its functions and responsibilities and key tasks, to supervise both the implementation of the cancellation and the effectiveness of rectification, and to strictly prevent low awareness, unclear responsibilities, empty slogans, and false rectifications.
According to reports, focusing on the three key rectification work of the resident department, the discipline inspection and supervision team carried out special supervision to coordinate the administrative supervision of natural resources and the discipline inspection and supervision supervision.
"In terms of the supervision mechanism, we have established a normalized liaison system with the National Natural Resources General Inspectorate Office and the Law Enforcement Bureau, etc., to ensure the smooth transmission of important information, and also require the sharing of information such as inspection opinions, inspection recommendation letters, and reported cases. It is also required to do a good job in handing over clues for violations of disciplines and laws. In terms of supervision, we have consolidated responsibilities through discussions, interviews, data access, visits and investigations, and on-site supervision in Fujian, Liaoning, and Hainan,” said the responsible comrade.
"Since March 2020, we have participated in several meetings such as the ministerial meeting of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the joint office meeting, the special inspection meeting, and the deployment and mobilization meeting of the law enforcement work of the satellite film, which not only requires improving the political position, but also according to the rectification goals and stage tasks. and so on, put forward specific requirements, supervision suggestions, and identify the focus of supervision." Shadow puppet, the first-level inspector of the discipline inspection and supervision team of the Ministry of Natural Resources, introduced that in terms of supervising the rectification of rural occupation of arable land and building houses, it is required to increase the supervision of local problems. The rectification efforts, especially the new problems that occur from time to time, pay close attention to the problem of "building before approval", and cooperate with relevant departments to do a good job in the approval and supervision of project land; False rectification, to ensure that the data is true and accurate, and follow-up rectification to ensure quality and quantity, it is recommended to carry out "look back" in a timely manner to prevent a resurgence...
Shadow puppet told reporters that the approval, supervision, and law enforcement of arable land resources have important responsibilities, and the power is relatively concentrated.
In order to maintain a strict situation and promote efficient rectification, the discipline inspection and supervision team promptly reported to the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission that the rebound of "greenhouses", the illegal occupation of cultivated land in rural areas and the construction of new houses, fraud in the "three adjustments", and false investigations, etc. The Ministry of Natural Resources urged the Ministry of Natural Resources to transfer clues to the local disciplinary inspection and supervision organs for concealment, connivance, dereliction of duty and dereliction of duty by party members and cadres.
Urge the Ministry of Natural Resources to organize local authorities to carry out responsibility investigations on the problem of destroying the ecological environment and building "private manors", and transfer the clues to the found problems to the local discipline inspection and supervision organs for intra-party accountability and governmental sanctions.
"Cultivated land protection cannot be achieved overnight. It must be done for a long time. The key is to maintain the pressure of supervision." The responsible comrade said that in the face of the new situation and new requirements for cultivated land protection, it is necessary to increase supervision, consolidate the main responsibilities, and correct In order to solve the problem of formalism and bureaucracy, "see the following" to promote the rectification of the problem to achieve practical results.