New "Mike" new journey
"Mike" used to refer to a group of people who worked in other people's wheat fields during the wheat harvest season and made money to subsidize their livelihoods. They carried dry food and water and held sickles in their hands.
In the old videos and photos, in wheat-producing areas such as the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi, "Mike" faces the loess and back to the sky, rushing around for a living.
Today, the world has changed, the old "Mike" has already become history, and the new "Mike" came into being.
With the development of agricultural mechanization, cross-regional harvester operators have become "Mikes" in the modern sense, and cross-regional harvesting operations have become a unique landscape. A team of agricultural machinery is like migratory birds, running around the country.
It is another summer harvest season. Since mid-May, wheat, the main summer grain crop, has gradually matured from south to north.
The large-scale machine harvesting of wheat in the “Three Summers” nationwide has been in full swing since May 28. As of June 21, 9 provinces including Sichuan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hebei, and Shanxi have harvested 301 million mu. The harvest progress has reached 99.2%, and the nationwide large-scale machine harvest has basically ended.
This is a new journey for the "Mikes".
chasing harvest
When the wind was blowing the wheat waves, Gan Daren and Yang Jiajing, from Putang Town, Yulin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, came to Shandong for the first time.
Speaking of the original intention of doing "Mike" in the first place, his wife Yang Jiajing was delighted: "This job will be settled now, and there will be no arrears, and then you can go around and see the customs and habits of other people in various places. At the beginning we did this. If it works, things are going to be better.”
But over time, there will be complaints.
According to Gan Daren's analysis, when they go outside, they all sleep in the open air, and there is no fixed meal time. In addition, the sun is too strong and the weather is hot during the harvest season. "This kind of suffering is not something that ordinary people can bear."
Every year, from April to November, the husband and wife work hard outside.
Since taking this job in 2018, the couple's life has been chasing the harvest season for four years - from Guangxi to Hubei, from Hubei to Anhui, and from Anhui to Henan.
All the way to the north, chasing the mature figure of wheat; then, they went from Guangxi to Guizhou, from Guizhou to Hunan, from Hunan and back to Guangxi, feeling "the fragrance of rice flowers says a good year".
This time, the couple came to Shandong for the first time to harvest wheat.
Although the journey was very hard, the two even quarreled whether they should come to Shandong this time, but after the harvesting task was finally completed, the two showed the joy of harvest to the children far away in their hometown in a short video.
"Look! We have finished harvesting that piece, and the last one is left. Dad is harvesting with our newly bought harvester. Look at how small this place is, how flexible our harvester is. We will return after harvesting this. Home. Children, do you see what gifts Dad brought you back? You have eaten bread and noodles at home, but you don’t know what they are made of. It’s wheat! Look, this is what Dad harvested, and I’ll buy it for you After two or three hundred catties of wheat, I can make a lot of bread and noodles!" In the short video, the two were excited.
No matter a person, a couple or a team, the direction forward is the harvested wheat field.
In May of this year, 147 combine harvesters set off from Anlu City, Hubei Province, traveled to many provinces, and arrived in major wheat producing areas to harvest wheat, which lasted more than three months.
Arriving at the place, the first thing, measure.
The agricultural operators took out the acre measuring instrument equipped with GPS, tapped the screen, and the longitude, latitude, area, altitude and other information of the collection point were immediately displayed.
After confirming the area and negotiating the price with the farmers, the operation begins.
At present, more than 97% of winter wheat in my country is harvested by machines, and 30% of them require mechanical cross-regional harvesting.
Where there is a bumper harvest, there is the shadow of "Mike".
Relying on science and technology "longkou grabbing food"
Before the rainy season, the weather is changeable, and in order to "take food from the dragon's mouth", it has to rely on the power of science and technology.
"At present, Guanzhong is in the mature and harvesting period of wheat. From the 9th to the 13th, there will be a strong wind, short-term heavy rainfall, and hail, which will have a great impact on the harvesting and drying of wheat in Guanzhong..." At 16:30 on June 8, Shaanxi Province Agriculture Li Hualong, a senior engineer at the Remote Sensing and Economic Crops Service Center, issued a reminder at the press conference of the Provincial Meteorological Bureau.
Shaanxi started the wheat harvest battle overnight.
On June 9, heavy rain began to pour down in some areas.
The Information Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs stated that the area of rush harvesting operations in Shaanxi in the four days before the rain on June 12 accounted for more than 50% of the province's wheat area, of which 2.96 million mu was harvested in a single day on June 9, setting a record high in the province's daily harvest area. .
Relying on the power of science and technology to warn, has become a highlight of the wheat harvest season.
On June 1, the National Early Warning Information Release Center, the Agricultural Mechanization Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the National Meteorological Center jointly developed the "Sanxia" machine-harvesting meteorological fine-warning product launched on time, and the "Measuring Mu Yi", a special APP for agricultural machinery operations, was launched to the key points. More than 3 million people in the province, including agricultural machine operators and major agricultural households, provide services. Relying on user positioning, it accurately pushes the appropriate situation of local machine harvesting operations twice a day to help rationally arrange machine harvesting time and personnel and equipment scheduling.
At present, the product has been piloted in 8 key summer harvest provinces including Anhui, Jiangsu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shandong, Shaanxi, and Shanxi.
Wang Jiahe, director of the Early Warning Release Office of the National Early Warning Information Release Center, introduced that the machine-received meteorological fine-warning reminder product launched this time is based on the national-level intelligent grid grid point forecast and guidance product, with a spatial resolution of 5 kilometers; considering precipitation and wind speed On the basis of other meteorological elements, elements such as cloud cover are added to provide more scientific prompts for machine harvesting operations.
All regions are also very actively using the power of science and technology to help the summer harvest season.
In Henan, the Provincial Meteorological Observation Data Center has developed a WeChat applet called "Sanxia Production Weather Service", which allows agricultural operators to access location-based weather conditions, forecasts, early warning information, wheat harvest information, and epidemic prevention policies at the origin and destination.
Henan Provincial Meteorological Bureau also cooperated with the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to provide meteorological and machine harvesting progress information to 28,000 chairman of agricultural machinery cooperatives, cross-regional operation leaders and agricultural machinery system staff free of charge through the meteorological emergency SMS platform to guide the rational flow of agricultural machinery.
In Anhui, the Provincial Meteorological Bureau published more than 300 pieces of service information for 748,000 users based on Anhui Rural Network's WeChat, Weibo and "Huinong Meteorology" APP.
Technology makes wheat harvesting easier.
Not only are the drivers better equipped, but the agricultural machinery companies also have better service guarantees.
In the main producing areas of summer grain, the mobile service vehicles of domestic agricultural machinery companies such as Dongfanghong and Lovol are distributed all over the place, and the "Mikes" follow wherever they go.
Especially with the help of the Beidou system, each piece of agricultural machinery can be located in real time, so mobile service vehicles can be distributed in areas where agricultural machinery and equipment are concentrated to better serve the harvesting work.
The derogation experience of the old "Mike"
In a randomly selected 3 square meter wheat field, Shi Jinlu, an old "Mike" in Gaotang County, Shandong Province, together with the villagers, found a total of 270 grains of wheat.
According to the calculation of 667 square meters of 1 mu of land and 0.05 grams of wheat per grain, in the wheat field he harvested, a total of about 6 catties of grain was leaked in 1 mu of land.
After the results came out, he invited the damage measurement team of the Agricultural Machinery Comprehensive Service Center of Gaotang County Agricultural and Rural Bureau to conduct more professional measurement of the damage reduction results, which showed that the results were very close.
This result made Shi Jinlu and everyone heave a sigh of relief.
The reason for this test is that in early June this year, nearly 800,000 mu of wheat in Gaotang County was about to be harvested.
In order to strive for the return of the grains to the warehouse, the local agriculture and rural bureau put forward higher requirements than previous years at the mobilization meeting for wheat harvesting loss reduction, and strived to achieve no more than 12 catties of wheat harvest loss per mu.
This task is not difficult.
But no one would have thought that Shi Jinlu actually proposed on the spot that his cooperative challenged the harvesting loss per mu this year to not exceed 10 catties.
As soon as this idea was put forward, everyone felt "bragging".
Shi Jinlu, who is 51 years old this year, has been dealing with agricultural machinery for more than 20 years.
At the age of 28, he tried his best to buy his first harvester and gradually became a mature agricultural machine operator, participating in cross-regional harvesting every year.
In 2009, with a certain amount of accumulation, Shijin Road established the Jinlu Agricultural Machinery Service Professional Cooperative in Yangtun Township, Gaotang County. At present, the cooperative has 11 harvesters and 13 agricultural machinery operators.
No one can pull Shi Jinlu back.
After some discussion, everyone felt that when the harvester had just entered the field and was about to start harvesting, the phenomenon of rolling wheat would often occur.
However, seasoned farmers say that milling wheat can be avoided.
Shi Jinlu decided to open a sickle to harvest wheat first, and explored ways to further reduce the harvesting loss of wheat per mu.
Hard work pays off, and he did it.
Shi Jinlu said frankly that after working for a long time, he has a lot of affection for this industry and wanted to make a small contribution.
He calculated the account very clearly: "If I (harvest) four or five thousand mu, and 1 mu of land reduces it by 2 catties, it means a reduction of 9,000 catties, which is equivalent to an increase of 9,000 catties of wheat for the common people. The calculation of 10,000 mu is 1.6 million catties, and 1.6 million catties is very meaningful."
After being verified in practice, Shi Jinlu felt more at ease.
He popularized the method in his co-op, and the big guys did it with confidence.
According to the Information Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the measures to reduce losses and save costs are effective this year.
Judging from the monitoring situation, the loss rate of wheat machine harvesting this year is further controlled within the industry standard of 2%.
Guarantee the free priority access of combine harvesters and related transport vehicles for 450,000 trips, and a total of 109 million yuan of tolls were exempted.
The extensive services of "delivering inspection to the field", "delivering oil to the field", "delivering to the field for repair" and "refueling with discount" have effectively saved the operator's time and operating costs.
Multiple protections under the epidemic
During the epidemic, for "Mike", cross-regional operations will inevitably have an impact.
At the beginning of June, Chen Binbin and his wife from Pingyu County, Henan Province, planned to get off the highway at a highway intersection in Luohe City, Henan Province, and go to work in the wheat field.
With the cooperation of the staff of various local departments, we passed the customs smoothly-checking nucleic acid, two codes and one certificate; checking the cross-regional operation permit and driving permit, and exempting them from high-speed tolls; checking whether the report was filed and whether the In the risk area, if you come from a risky area, you need to test for antigens and landing nucleic acids; finally, after completing the above procedures, you need to change a pass.
Before and after, Chen Binbin and his wife spent more than 20 minutes to complete all the procedures.
A staff member of the Transportation Bureau of Huiyuan District, Luohe City, Henan Province said that during the three summers, when agricultural machinery drivers drove here, the local area would provide them with maximum convenience.
In the main wheat producing areas, with cross-regional work permits, health codes and 48-hour nucleic acid test negative certificates, the "Mikes" traveled all the way.
At the exit of the expressway, combine harvesters from all over the country are constantly flowing, and all cross-regional operation vehicles will be exempted from tolls and given priority to be released.
In order to ensure that the pellets are returned to the warehouse, all regions have provided smooth travel conditions for cross-regional operators.
Huang Quanyi, director of the Agricultural Mechanization Management Department of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Henan Province, introduced that in order to ensure the return of wheat grains, the province has established 816 green channels for cross-regional operations, and issued 50,000 cross-regional operation permits to provide some convenience for cross-region operators. , eat and live.
In Wei County, Hebei Province, this year, the local area provided "Agricultural Machinery Hand Station" for "Mike" operating across districts, using advanced network services and modern technology to provide agricultural machinery operators with information, accommodation, maintenance, oil and other volunteer services.
Hao Yaoling, director of Wei County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, said that in order to ensure the smooth progress of this year's wheat harvest, Wei County not only established a summer harvest volunteer service team, but also used satellite remote sensing and Internet of Things technology to conduct cloud monitoring and cloud monitoring of the county's "three summers" production. Management, regularly scan and monitor the growth and harvest of wheat, and understand and release agricultural meteorology, disease and insect pest forecasts, and traceability supervision services through a visual platform.
Across the country, more than 2,500 cross-regional operation reception service stations have been established in various regions, providing "one-stop services" such as free nucleic acid antigen testing, territorial filing, operation information, and maintenance support; the transportation department has opened more than 2,600 agricultural machinery transfer The green channel guarantees priority and free access for combine harvesters; the health department implements precise and convenient management services such as "collect, walk and chase" for cross-regional operators whose nucleic acid certificates have expired.
Better Gear, Better Days
Zhou Quanhui, a young "Mike" from Jianli County, Hubei Province, found that the equipment in the hands of "Mike" has been getting better and better over the years.
The original harvester harvested at a very slow speed, and it was easy to drop wheat. It often went wrong, and it broke several times during a wheat season. Now the combine harvester is equipped with automatic transmission, hydraulic steering wheel, multi-function console and air conditioner, and the car is also equipped with intelligent Alarm, once the wheat machine damage rate exceeds 1%, the alarm will automatically alarm.
Tang Jumin, an old "Mike" from Nanhe District, Xingtai City, Hebei Province, has experienced 7 harvesters since 1996.
He said frankly that the steering wheel of the harvester was not flexible at first. Turning the steering wheel was like pushing a "grinding disc", and the brakes were not easy to use. It often broke down. The harvesting speed was very slow at that time, and it was easy to drop the wheat. .
Facing the newly bought combine harvester this year, he couldn't hide his excitement.
"The new harvester is air-conditioned and has good sealing properties. There will be no wheat awns or dust during operation. It is clean and cool to open." "The intelligent terminal on the car can not only locate, but also calculate the number of acres harvested, and give fault alarms, which is advanced and practical."
According to the Information Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, there are more than 600,000 combine harvesters and more than 800,000 professional harvesters working on the front line of wheat harvesting this year, with a cumulative harvesting area of 298 million mu and a harvest mechanization rate of over 98%. ” which translates into “Harvest in Hand” provides mechanized hardcore power.
More and more young people are joining the ranks.
Zhang Mengfei and Wang Suli, the "post-95s" and "Mike couple" from Tongxu County, Henan Province, met because of wheat harvesting. Regardless of their age, the two have been in this business for nearly 10 years.
After Zhang Mengfei graduated from junior high school, he followed his father and became a new "Mike".
Today, with the increased level of mechanization, the job has changed dramatically.
Every year, the husband and wife work from the beginning of March, from Yunguichuan to Qingganshan, from the northeast to the southwest, from the central plains to the Yangtze River Delta, wheat, barley, rapeseed, rice, corn, whatever is ripe, they can always harvest what they want. Busy until December.
This job also brought a good income to their small days, and the small family life became more and more prosperous.
Whenever he is free, he and his wife take their children around the country. Over the years, he has opened his eyes and wants to let the children know more about the outside world.
Liu Shaohua