Ramallah -
From Acre prison, a funeral came.. Muhammad Jamjoom and Fouad Hijazi
Muhammad Jamjoom and with Atta al-Zir.. Fouad Hijazi is the honor of the ammunition
and Muhammad says I am the first of you.. My fear, O Atta, I drink your grief
and Hijazi says, I am the first of you.. We do not fear death or menuna
Although the author of these verses differed between the two popular poets Noah Ibrahim and Abdel Rahman Al-Barghouti, they turned into an icon in the course of the Palestinian struggle against the occupation, after it was sung by the artistic group “The Lovers”.
The verses recount the last moments in the lives of 3 Palestinians who were executed by the British Mandate on this day (17 June 1930): Muhammad Jamjoum and Atta al-Zir from Hebron, and Fuad Hijazi from Safed, after they were accused of killing Jews during the Al-Buraq Revolt in 1929.
The Al-Buraq Revolt began when the Jews organized a huge demonstration on August 14, 1929, on the occasion of what they call “the anniversary of the destruction of Solomon’s Temple.” They followed it the next day with a huge demonstration in the streets of Jerusalem, until they reached the Al-Buraq Wall, and a general revolution erupted in all of Palestine, including the city of Hebron. which were inhabited by Jews.
Close up documentation
Many wrote about that incident and its details, but the Palestinian Adnan Badawi Yaqoub Jamjoom (Abu Alaa), the nephew of the martyr Muhammad Jamjoom, worked hard in all the stories he could, especially from his father, the brother of the martyr, and documents related to his uncle, and he was keen to photograph Acre prison. In which the three martyrs were executed.
The immortalization of the three martyrs in the school curricula in the fifties of the last century (Al-Jazeera)
Race to the death
Al-Jazeera Net visited Jamjoom, 72, in his shop in Hebron, and heard new details from him about his uncle and his two companions.
Jamjoom brings us back to the origin of the name “Red Tuesday.” He says that the three martyrs were executed on a Tuesday, and they were three, and they were hanged in 3 consecutive hours: Fouad Hijazi at 8, Atta Al-Zeer at 9, and Muhammad Jamjoom at 10.
He explains that information reached the three martyrs about the possibility of replacing the death sentence at the last moment with life imprisonment, so they were racing to death. Muhammad was not married and did not have a family, unlike his two companions, and asked to be executed at first, even if there was a chance of survival for anyone. his two companions.
Trade and driver's license
Muhammad Yaqoub Khalil Jamjoom was born in the Al-Qazzazin neighborhood, in the old town of Hebron in the southern West Bank in 1910, where he learned to read and write in the al-Katatib at the end of the Ottoman era (1516-1917).
Martyr Muhammad worked with his father from a young age in trade between Palestine and Egypt, and at that time he depended on camels to transport goods.
Jamjoom, the narrator of his nephew, was one of the first to obtain a driver's license in his city, and was working on a manually operated truck owned by a businessman in the city.
92 years since the departure of the heroes of the Al-Buraq Revolution.. They were three men: Muhammad Jamjoom, Atta Al-Zeer and Fouad Hegazy, who rose to defend the land and gave their lives for it during the Al-Buraq Revolution.. Follow the full story pic.twitter.com/QGRqgWsQuZ
— AlQastal Al Qastal (@AlQastalps) June 17, 2022
sermon and led to the gallows
Muhammad was not married, but engaged to one of his neighbors, and was preparing for marriage at the end of the summer of 1929, but the British Mandate arrested him before his wedding date.
Muhammad’s father, Yaqoub, died in 1926, while his mother, Mahbouba al-Natsheh, died in 1942.
Prior to his ascension to the gallows, the mother said to her son Muhammad, "I raised you for this day," as Abu Alaa quotes from his father and his relatives who lived through that incident.
rebellious family
The martyr had two brothers: the eldest of whom was Abdullah Yaqoub Khalil Jamjoom (born in 1900), who was also martyred in defense of Jerusalem during the Nakba battles in 1948, and Badawi Yaqoub Jamjoom (born in 1920), who participated in the Qastal battles alongside the Palestinian leader Abdel Qader Al Husseini in 1948 and was wounded in the head. Then he died in 1984, and he is the father of our speaker, and he transmitted the most important information about him.
Jamjoom keeps the history book, which was taught in the schools of the West Bank during the Jordanian era in the fifties of the last century, and it contains a monolithic picture of his uncle, the martyr Jamjoom.
Othman Badawi Jamjoom displays a picture of the gallows on which the three martyrs were executed (Al-Jazeera)
Testimony of a hidden child
On the story of the martyr’s arrest and trial, Adnan Jamjoom says that a British force arrested him while he was returning with his mother from the vineyards west of Hebron, after a Jewish child named Eliyahu Abu Shadeed accused him of killing his father without any evidence.
On his interpretation of the word "without evidence", Jamjoom said that the accounts he collected, including the testimony of the Jewish child, confirm that the child was hiding in a closet when his father was killed, and did not see the killer.
Jamjoom points out that the indictment of the three detainees included the accusation of killing 4 Jews during the Al-Buraq revolt, including Abu Shadeed.
He said that the court relied on the testimony of Ibn al-Yaudi, and convicted 4 defendants of murder and sentenced them to death by hanging, with financial compensation for the families of the dead in Palestinian pounds.
Muhammad - according to his nephew Jamjoom - was arrested on August 27, 1929, and remained in detention until his execution on June 17, 1930, during which time his family visited him several times.
About the details of Muhammad’s last visit, Jamjoom says: My father (Badawi) told me that the martyr asked the guards to allow him to be kept with his brother in prison, but they refused, so Muhammad insisted on his request and took him with him to the cell, and they stayed up together until morning.
Visiting the execution chamber and henna
Jamjoom points out that the martyr Fuad Hijazi, one day before his execution, asked to visit the execution chamber, while Atta Al-Zir and Muhammad Hijazi applied henna on their hands, as is the custom of the people of Hebron, as if they were going to a wedding party.
Jamjoom documented a collective will for the three martyrs, which stated: "Our hope is for the Arab nation in Palestine not to forget our spilled blood... Our hope is for Arab and Muslim princes and kings not to trust foreigners and their policies. It is upon Arabs everywhere and Muslims to support Palestine."
Palestine |
June 16, 1930
On Tuesday, June 17, the Arab independence plant was watered with the blood of Fouad Hegazy, Atta Al-Zeer and Muhammad Jamjoum pic.twitter.com/5t8VYgAXnp
— The Palestinian Archive Palestinian Archive (@palestinian_the) June 16, 2022
A popular gift without a funeral
Jamjoom recalls the reactions on the day of the execution and in the days that followed, and said that the Palestinian people rose in the face of the Mandate, mosques sang the call to prayer and church bells rang out.
He adds that the British authorities refused to release the bodies of the three martyrs to prevent the aggravation of the gift, and buried them inside Acre prison for 40 days, then released the bodies to the Islamic cemetery there in Acre.
Jerusalem torch
Jamjoom believes that the execution of the three was a shift in the course of the Palestinian cause and a revival of the spirit of resurrection in the people, and just as Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque were the engines of the Al-Buraq Revolution, they are the torch and stir the Palestinian street until today.
Martyr Fouad Hassan Hegazy
He was executed by the British Mandate authorities in 1930 in front of Acre Prison, along with Atta Al-Zir and Muhammad Jamjoom on charges of participating in the Al-Buraq Revolution pic.twitter.com/sh7g84XRLq
— F Younes (@drFaika) May 25, 2022
Fouad Hegazy, Muhammad Jamjoom, and Atta Al-Zeer.
The first martyrs who fell in the face of the Zionist project in Palestine and were executed by the British Mandate forces because they sparked the "Al-Buraq Revolution" pic.twitter.com/uFSLzVCe7O
— Ramsey (@levantist1900) June 11, 2022
2⃣ The British occupation authorities arrested the fighters Fouad Hijazi, Muhammad Jamjoom and Atta Al-Zir, after their participation in the Al-Buraq Revolution in 1929
, and sentenced them to death, which was executed on June 17, 1930. https://t.co/1ZtROlKPcd
— The Palestinian Archive Palestinian Archive (@palestinian_the) June 13, 2022