Promoting people-centered urbanization, allowing urban and rural youth to enjoy development dividends
Once, when Yan Zijuan, a young man from Inner Mongolia, looked at the household registration book, he unexpectedly found that their family no longer belonged to "farmers".
Yan Zijuan was born and raised in the countryside. Her family has contracted land, and her background as a farmer is her inherent impression.
In 2020, due to work needs, she moved her hukou from her hometown to Beijing, only to discover this subtle but important change.
In July 2016, Inner Mongolia abolished the distinction between agricultural and non-agricultural hukou in the whole region, and unified registration as resident hukou to promote the urbanization of farmers, herdsmen and workers, the integration of urban permanent residents and the equalization of public services.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, urbanization and the reform of the household registration system have been included in the overall work of the party and the state, and the reform has been continuously advanced.
General Secretary Xi Jinping said that with the urbanization of people as the core, more attention should be paid to increasing the urbanization rate of the registered population, paying more attention to the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, paying more attention to the livability of the environment and the inheritance of historical and cultural context, and paying more attention to enhancing the people's sense of gain. and happiness.
In the process of urbanization, the hukou migration policy has been generally relaxed
The change of Li Fei's family started when a "peasant to non-agricultural" chapter was stamped on the household registration book.
In 2008, Li Fei's family, who lived in Hongguang Town, Pidu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, became urbanites.
The "four teams and six teams and six groups in Bali Village" that he was familiar with in his childhood memories became "Hexing Community".
The life changes of Li Fei's family have become a true portrayal of the urbanization reform process of China's hundreds of millions of farmers.
Not only the change of the household registration book and the place name, but also from the single-family farmhouse to the modern residential area, from the field farming to the nearest work, Li Fei's generation has ushered in the great changes that have never been experienced by the ancestors.
Li Fei said that it was difficult for the older generation to adapt to this process at first, and land was a guarantee for them. His parents believed, "If you don't have a job, you can go home to farm and build a house on your own homestead."
With the surging tide of urbanization, a new picture of life within reach spreads out.
Li Fei detailed the various conveniences near his home in the past 10 years: the newly built school is much better than the past, and the surrounding living facilities are getting more and more perfect. Subway lines will also be extended to doorsteps.
At a press conference in April this year, Liu Zhao, deputy minister of the Ministry of Public Security, introduced that in the process of urbanization, the hukou migration policy has generally been liberalized. Except for provincial capitals (capital cities), the central and western regions have basically achieved zero threshold for urban settlement. .
With the exception of a few super-large and super-large cities in the eastern region, the conditions for settlement have been further relaxed, making it more convenient for migrants from agriculture to settle in cities.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, there have been important meetings such as the Political Bureau meeting of the Central Committee, the Central Leading Group Meeting on Comprehensively Deepening Reform, the Central Economic Work Conference, and the Central Rural Work Conference, as well as special topics such as the Central Urbanization Work Conference and the National Household Registration System Reform Promotion Video and Telephone Conference. At the meeting, the problems of urbanization and the reform of the household registration system were studied many times.
In 2022, the reform of the household registration system will be further accelerated.
In May of this year, the Office of the CPC Central Committee and the Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting Urbanization Construction with County Towns as Important Carriers", fully implementing the policy of canceling the restrictions on the settlement of county towns, and ensuring that migrants with stable employment and life are treated equally with local agricultural migrants.
From temporary residence permit to residence permit
In his more than 20 years of working life, Dai Zhenwei has been accompanied by his temporary residence permit.
Around 2000, Dai Zhenwei went to work in Taizhou, Zhejiang from his hometown of Qijiang, Chongqing.
The validity period of the temporary residence permit is usually one year. What Dai Zhenwei said about "doing it once a year" is to go through the extension procedures according to the requirements of the place where you work.
For him, the temporary residence permit has no specific purpose, it is more a "residency certificate".
Temporary residence permit is the main means for the city to manage the non-local household registration population, mostly for the needs of public security.
For migrant workers, the word "temporary" is like an insurmountable gap. They cannot enjoy the same cultural, health, education and other public services as the local registered population, and their life and work are more bitter and helpless. .
With economic and social development, more and more people are moving between urban and rural areas, and the problem of inequality in public services such as schooling and employment behind the temporary residence permit system has become increasingly prominent.
The reform is advancing, and some places are breaking the ice one after another, trying to implement the residence permit system, so that the non-registered population can also enjoy equal public services.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reform of the household registration system has been accelerated at the national level.
In November 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the reform of the residence permit system.
In January 2016, the Interim Regulations on Residence Permits came into effect.
In February 2016, the State Council promulgated the "Several Opinions on Further Promoting the Construction of New Urbanization", which pointed out that it is necessary to promote the residence permit system to cover all the permanent residents of cities and towns, and promote the full coverage of the permanent population of urban basic public services.
Now, the residence permit system has achieved full coverage.
According to data released by the Ministry of Public Security, more than 130 million residence permits have been issued nationwide, and the basic public service provision mechanism linked to conditions such as length of stay has been further improved with residence permits as the carrier.
Entering the city with peace of mind and stable employment
In the process of rapid urbanization in my country, young people are both beneficiaries and contributors, and they are the core driving force of urban development.
For 36-year-old Yang Chan, there are three places she can't forget: her hometown is in Suining, Sichuan, she studied and married in Zhengzhou, and now she works and lives in Chengdu.
Currently, her registered permanent residence is in Zhengzhou, and she holds a residence permit in Chengdu.
"I'm not considering moving my hukou to Chengdu yet." In Yang Chan's view, whether or not to move the hukou has little impact on her life in Chengdu.
Her children are of school age and can attend local public elementary schools with a residence permit.
After the lottery, the child went to a nearby elementary school with a history of 100 years. Yang Chan felt very lucky that this was her favorite school.
Promoting urbanization with people as the main body has been the top priority in promoting new urbanization since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, especially the reform of the household registration system.
The newly issued "Opinions on Promoting Urbanization with County Towns as Important Carriers" pointed out that it is necessary to ensure that newly settled population and county residents enjoy the same public services, and that migrant workers and other non-registered permanent residents have equal access to education, medical care, housing security, etc. basic public services.
With the continuous advancement of the reform of the household registration system, the differences in public services attached to the household registration system are getting smaller and smaller.
Zhuo Na, a young teacher born in the 1990s, teaches in a middle school in Guangzhou. She was born in a rural village in Zhanjiang, Guangdong.
She said that the household registration book was only thought of when going through the household registration procedures.
Colleagues around her also did not move their hukou from home, because they have obtained a residence permit in Guangzhou, and their children can go to school as soon as possible.
Having worked in Taizhou for more than 10 years, Dai Zhenwei felt that the public services accompanied by the residence permit are increasingly benefiting migrant workers.
What impressed him was that in 2012, his son was unable to take the local high school entrance examination because he did not have a Taizhou household registration, and had to return to his hometown in Qijiang.
Two or three years later, children with foreign household registration can also take the high school entrance examination in Taizhou.
The changes around these ordinary people are exactly the goals to be achieved in the process of steadily advancing the reform of the household registration system.
In 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized in the article "Promote Common Prosperity Solidly" in the magazine "Seeking Truth" that it is necessary to deepen the reform of the household registration system, solve problems such as the education of children of agricultural migrants, and let them enter the city with peace of mind and stability. employment.
In the process of urbanization, young people have become an important beneficiary group.
Data show that in 2020, the urbanization rate of my country's youth permanent population has reached 71.1%.
It is expected that this proportion will increase in the future.
In April this year, 17 departments including the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League jointly issued the "Opinions on Launching the Pilot Program of Youth Development-oriented Cities", proposing "seven efforts to optimize", including a fair and high-quality educational environment, motivating youth An employment environment to display their talents, a living environment that guarantees the basic housing needs of young people, and a living environment that alleviates the problems of marriage, love, fertility, and parenting for young people.
Fu Zhenbang, Director of the Office of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference for the Implementation of the National Medium- and Long-Term Youth Development Plan and Secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, said that the development rights and interests of young people such as education rights, life rights, survival rights, labor rights, and residence rights should be more fully guaranteed. , so that the city can provide better space, platform, environment and conditions for the growth and success of young people.
China Youth Daily and China Youth Daily reporter Wang Xinxin Trainee reporter Gong Ayuan Source: China Youth Daily