The Berlin Amadeu Antonio Foundation has observed an increase in anti-Semitic conspiracy myths in Germany in connection with the Ukraine war.

This included comparisons of Putin with Hitler and equating them with the Holocaust, which were widespread in the media right up to mainstream society.

In addition, there are conspiracy theories according to which the war is part of a "Great Reset" (the great upheaval), or the Ukraine war being equated with the situation in Palestine, said project manager Nikolas Lelle at the presentation of the "civil society situation picture of anti-Semitism" created by the foundation.

The different reactions to the Ukraine war show how interchangeable anti-Semitism is in Germany.

"Anti-Semites don't care about the occasion, which is why they use vaccination campaigns, NATO or the Ukraine war equally for their ideology," said Lelle.

A connecting element is the conviction of a dark elite behind everyone.

There is not "anti-Semitism" here

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but various elements of anti-Semitism.

Equating the Russian invasion with the Shoah or a comparison between Putin and Hitler is essentially anti-Semitic because it relativizes the National Socialists' extermination of the Jews.

According to the director of the Central Jewish Welfare Office, Aron Schuster, the war in the Ukraine is causing re-traumatisation in the German Jewish community.

"45 percent of the Jews living here have Ukrainian roots," said Schuster.

In addition, around a hundred Ukrainian Holocaust survivors have fled to Germany since the beginning of the war.

"It was previously unimaginable for many that they would now find protection here of all places," said Schuster.

According to the foundation, a direct threat to Jews living in Germany also emanates from anti-Semitic terror in Israel.

As a result, there are anti-Israel demonstrations like the one in Berlin-Neukölln, where terrorism is glorified and hatred of Jews is normalized.

Whether it's "historical revisionist conspiracy narratives" about the war in Ukraine, "lateral thinkers" demos or pro-Palestinian demonstrations in Neukölln: "All three phenomena create clear enemy images in which anti-Semites believe they are on the supposedly right side," said Tahera Ameer, board member of the foundation.

Anti-Semitism creates a bracket across different milieus.

In particular, the "lateral thinking" milieu paved the way for new forms of anti-Semitism.

Anti-Semites often see themselves as supposedly oppressed,