The Russian military confirmed the rocket attacks on the Ukrainian capital Kyiv in its situation report on the war against Ukraine on Sunday.
T-72 tanks and other military equipment supplied by Eastern European countries were destroyed on the outskirts of Kiev.
They were housed in a plant that repairs railway carriages, Russian Defense Ministry spokesman Igor Konashenkov said.
Kiev's mayor Vitali Klitschko and the Ukrainian general staff had previously reported several rocket attacks.
According to Klitschko, one injured person had to be treated in hospital.
According to the Ukrainian General Staff, the rockets were fired from bombers over the Caspian Sea.
Ukrainian presidential adviser Mykhailo Podoliak spoke of an "act of terrorism".
He demanded further sanctions against Russia and the supply of heavy weapons from the West.
"Today's rocket attacks on Kyiv have only one goal - to kill as many Ukrainians as possible," he wrote on Twitter.
There were no fatalities in the attacks on Sunday.
According to the Russian military, several targets were also destroyed by rocket attacks in the Donetsk region, for example in the city of Kramatorsk in eastern Ukraine, including a workshop for restoring damaged war weapons.
In further attacks by the Russian air force, ammunition depots, assembly and command points were again destroyed.
More than 350 Ukrainian fighters were "destroyed" in the process, said Konashenkov.
A Ukrainian MiG-29 aircraft was shot down near the city of Sloviansk in the Donetsk region.
In the Odessa region, Russia's air defense shot down an Antonov An-26 that was transporting military equipment.
Ministry spokesman Konashenkov said Russian artillery hit dozens of other military targets in Ukraine.
The Russian information could not be verified by an independent party.