After the "double reduction", what changes have taken place in the connection between children and children?
The introduction of the "double reduction" policy not only effectively curbs the excessive academic burden of students in the compulsory education stage, but also has a positive impact on curbing the "primary school" of early childhood education.
A reporter from Banyuetan interviewed in Beijing and found that the previous "preschool fever" has eased, and the loss of children in the kindergarten and senior classes has gradually decreased.
At the same time, a survey of 6,238 parents by the Beijing Institute of Educational Sciences showed that some parents are still worried about the connection between children and primary schools, and are eager to understand the implementation of the "zero starting point" in primary schools.
Experts interviewed believe that on the basis of promoting the linkage between kindergartens and primary schools, the "transparency" of education should be improved and parents' anxiety should be reduced.
Kindergarten big classes are popular again
"Our teachers were helpless in the face of the preschool fever, but we have always adhered to the scientific connection between children and children, and finally waited for the double reduction policy." said a kindergarten person in Beijing.
Before the "Double Reduction", every spring in the kindergarten, the senior children in the kindergarten would leave the kindergarten to go to preschool.
This year, children can finally spend their pre-school carefree time in kindergarten.
Yang Yi, director of Yanshan Xingcheng Kindergarten, compared the number of students in the first and second semesters of the large class in the past three years.
"From a decrease of 23 people in 2019 to a continuous increase later, there has been a significant return this year." She said that in the past, preschools around kindergartens were flooded, and nearly a quarter of the children in the second semester of large classes would be lost every year.
Under the propaganda and agitation of businesses, many parents sent their children from kindergarten to preschool.
"The excessive and advanced teaching of children's knowledge in preschools also makes it difficult to implement 'zero starting point' teaching in primary schools, forming a vicious circle." Yang Yi said that since the Ministry of Education issued the "Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Promoting the Scientific Connection between Kindergartens and Primary Schools", more and more Under the guidance of kindergartens, many parents have gradually realized the true meaning of the connection between young children and children, and will no longer burden their children with heavy learning burdens prematurely.
"After the implementation of the double reduction policy, the number of people in the kindergarten's large class has been guaranteed." said Huang Pei, director of the preschool teaching and research department of Chaoyang District Academy of Education and Science.
In 2021, Chaoyang District formulated the "Implementation Plan for Further Promoting the Connection of Kindergarten and Primary School Subjects" and specific measures in a three-year cycle.
At present, nearly 400 kindergartens and surrounding primary schools in the whole district have carried out "hand in hand".
Daily joint research, mutual training, and mutual visits are carried out between children and primary schools, effectively changing the educational concepts and behaviors of kindergarten and primary school teachers and parents, and gradually forming a scientifically connected educational ecology.
After the connection between Sanlitun Kindergarten and Baijiazhuang Primary School, Zhang Yajing, director of teaching and research at the kindergarten, said: "The kindergarten teachers found out after mutual visits with the primary school that the requirements of the primary school were different from what the kindergarten expected." The primary school agreed to allow more time for new students to adapt to the goal of "good habits".
Parents worry about lack of readiness for school
A reporter from Banyuetan found that although the "double reduction" policy has effectively reduced the pre-school fever and allowed children to return to kindergarten, there are still quite a few parents who believe that their children should receive education in pinyin, mathematics, and Chinese characters before school, even at the expense of their children. In-person instruction at home during breaks.
"The kindergarten doesn't teach anything, and they can only teach at home." A parent said that it is still common for children to learn math and English through online classes.
In addition, some parents invite teachers to teach at home through the method of "saving classes", or use their own weekends to set up small family classes.
According to a survey by the Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences on the connection between children and primary schools, more than 80% of parents indicated that their children had received or planned to receive training in Chinese character recognition and reading, Hanyu Pinyin, English, logical thinking, mathematical calculation and other disciplines before entering primary school.
Nearly half of the kindergarten senior class children participated in subject-based learning and training for more than 3 hours per week, and more than 10% of the children participated in more than 6 hours of training per week.
The above-mentioned survey also shows that most parents still tend to pay too much attention to knowledge reserves and rank learning as the first priority for school preparation.
Under this concept, many parents tutor themselves and use online apps for learning tutoring.
Parents most expect kindergarten to do for their children as "cultivating children's study habits, such as concentration, listening ability, etc.".
The top three "most worrying things for parents" in terms of learning are: worrying about the child's inattention, worrying that the child's study habits are not good enough, and worrying that the child will not learn pinyin.
In addition, many preschool parents have doubts and uncertainties about the implementation effect of the "double reduction" policy.
The main issues that parents are concerned about are the following: whether the first grade of primary school can achieve "zero starting point" teaching, and whether the "double reduction" policy can be fully implemented... These concerns have become important reasons for parents' difficulty in effectively alleviating the anxiety of school preparation.
Increase transparency to ensure "zero starting point"
Banyuetan reporter learned from an interview that a large part of the reason for parents' anxiety is that they "do not understand" the situation in primary schools.
Experts interviewed believe that the next step should be to improve the "transparency" of education on the basis of promoting the linkage between kindergartens and primary schools to reduce parents' anxiety.
First, it is clear that "knowledge preemption" does not have a lasting effect.
A study conducted by Liu Yiqian, a scholar at East China Normal University, found that "students who have learned primary school knowledge before school age have poorer learning adaptability than those who have not learned primary school knowledge".
"The kindergarten found through the follow-up of some graduates that children with pre-school training have certain advantages in knowledge at the beginning of admission, but in the second and third grade, comprehensive abilities such as study habits, self-management, and social adaptation are more important." Huang Pei said .
Second, enhance the two-way curriculum connection between kindergarten and primary school.
Su Jing, director of the Institute of Early Education, Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences, proposed that in the process of strengthening the research and curriculum implementation of early childhood education, we must follow the requirements of the "Guidelines for Kindergarten Entrance Preparation Education" and "Key Points for Elementary School Enrollment Adaptation Education" issued by the Ministry of Education. Kindergartens, primary schools and communities should jointly carry out a variety of observation and experience activities for children and parents, not only to meet the connection of children's knowledge and experience, but also to focus on the connection between emotion and society.
Third, strengthen the guidance to parents to relieve anxiety.
"Parents should establish a comprehensive, two-way and multi-dimensional concept of early childhood connection. They can't focus on learning and adaptation, and especially pay more attention to children's habit formation and social interaction." Su Jing said that over-emphasis on knowledge preparation not only increases It increases the learning burden and psychological burden of children, and it is easy to cause the unbalanced development of intellectual factors and non-intellectual factors.
Experts interviewed suggested providing parents with more instructional resources to help parents understand how to prepare their children for school, backed by kindergartens and primary schools.
Banyue Talks Reporter: Zhao Wanwei