The revised Vocational Education Law clarifies that the state must establish and improve a system that meets the needs of economic and social development, in-depth integration of production and education, equal emphasis on vocational school education and vocational training, mutual integration between vocational education and general education, effective integration of vocational education at different levels, and service for the whole people's lifelong learning. Modern vocational education system.

　　From May 1, the newly revised Vocational Education Law was officially implemented, which was the first major revision of the law since it was promulgated and implemented in 1996.

　　For the first time, the new law clarifies in legal form that "vocational education is an education type that has the same important status as general education", and through the promotion of top-level designs such as general vocational integration, the transformation of vocational education from "level" to "type" is truly realized.

　　Song Fang, deputy director of the Administrative Law Office of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, summed up the idea and main line of the revision of the Vocational Education Law with "one integration, three links and two improvements": Cooperation between enterprises and enterprises to play an important role in running schools; "three links" refer to integration, penetration, and smoothness, that is, to promote the integration of vocational education and general education, the effective integration of vocational education at different levels, and the smooth channels for enrollment and further education and employment; "two promotions" refer to Improve the quality of vocational education and improve the social recognition of vocational education.

　　"It plays an important role in promoting the high-quality development of vocational education, improving the quality of technical and skilled personnel training, and promoting economic and social development," said Lin Yu, deputy director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education.

　　Build a "overpass" that integrates with each other

　　For a long time, the society has a general understanding of vocational education - vocational education is a kind of low-level education, and the passage for students to ascend is not smooth and wide.

　　Song Fang introduced that the revised Vocational Education Law has made targeted provisions on this, clarifying that the state establishes and improves the needs of economic and social development, the in-depth integration of production and education, the equal emphasis on vocational school education and vocational training, and the integration of vocational education and general education. , A modern vocational education system that effectively connects different levels of vocational education and serves the lifelong learning of the whole people.

　　In terms of the mutual integration of vocational education and general education, the law clarifies that the state should establish and improve the certification, accumulation and conversion mechanism for school education and vocational training credits, qualifications and other learning outcomes at all levels and types, promote the construction of a national credit bank for vocational education, and promote vocational education. The learning outcomes of education and general education are integrated and mutually recognized.

The law also encourages and supports ordinary primary and secondary schools and ordinary institutions of higher learning to increase vocational education-related teaching content according to actual needs, conduct vocational enlightenment, vocational awareness, and vocational experience, and carry out career planning guidance and labor education.

　　In terms of internal integration of vocational education, the law stipulates that the vocational skills grade certificates, training certificates and other learning outcomes obtained from vocational training can be converted into corresponding academic education credits after being recognized by vocational schools; The corresponding academic certificate can be obtained.

Secondary vocational schools include technical schools; according to the regulations on the establishment of higher vocational schools, qualified technician colleges are included in the sequence of higher vocational schools.

The educational administrative departments at or above the provincial level shall establish a unified enrollment platform for vocational education in conjunction with relevant departments, summarize and release information on schools implementing vocational education, their professional settings, enrollment and other information, and provide services such as inquiry and application.

　　In addition, the effective integration of vocational education at different levels has also attracted much attention.

　　Song Fang said that the law clarifies that vocational school education is divided into secondary vocational school education and higher vocational school education; it clarifies that secondary vocational schools can, in accordance with relevant state regulations, implement enrollment and training in relevant majors and higher vocational school education; it also clearly accepts Those who have been educated in higher vocational schools and whose academic level has reached the degree standard prescribed by the state may apply for the corresponding degree in accordance with the law.

　　Vocational education with high degree

　　Lin Yu pointed out that a special type of education will naturally have an independent and complete school system and training level, and "vocational education also has a high degree of education."

　　Lin Yu said that the Ministry of Education will design the vocational education personnel training system in an integrated manner.

Implement the integrated design of the professional catalogue of vocational education, and promote the connection of professional settings, training objectives, curriculum systems, and training programs at all levels of vocational education.

　　In terms of further education, we will study the establishment of an examination and enrollment system that conforms to the characteristics of vocational education.

Lin Yu said that there has always been a strong voice for the establishment of the vocational education college entrance examination system. The revision of the vocational education law has further clarified this point, "We will speed up the implementation."

　　The classified examination enrollment of vocational colleges has now become the main channel for higher vocational enrollment, and many places have organized the spring college entrance examination.

Next, speed up the establishment of the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" system, strengthen provincial overall planning, ensure fairness and justice, improve the "cultural quality + vocational skills" examination and enrollment methods, and support higher vocational schools and ordinary higher education institutions implementing vocational education in accordance with the principle of roughly matching their majors. The school recruits more vocational school graduates, establishes channels suitable for vocational college students to further their studies, and promotes the effective integration of vocational education at different levels.

　　According to Lin Yu, the Ministry of Education will steadily improve the scale and training capacity of undergraduate vocational education: during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, a number of vocational undergraduate schools will be set up to meet the needs of industrial development; Catalogue to carry out vocational undergraduate education; to study and implement the majors that cultivate high-end technical and technical talents in the higher vocational colleges, and meet the conditions of deep integration of production and education, distinctive school-running characteristics, and high-quality training, and the implementation of vocational education at the undergraduate level. To expand the capacity of high-level vocational education.

　　In the professional fields with long training cycles and high skill requirements, the Ministry of Education supports the integrated design of training programs for secondary and higher vocational education, and implements long-term education through "3+2" and "five-year consistent system"; Through cooperation with enterprises, through the combination of various educational systems such as technical secondary school, technical secondary school, technical secondary school and basic school, we will explore the field engineers who can solve practical engineering technical problems with the apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics as the first-line training layer of the industry and enterprises.

　　Open up the application channel for graduates of vocational colleges

　　To improve the social recognition of vocational education, the export of vocational school students is also important.

　　Wang Xiaojun, deputy director of the Vocational Capacity Building Department of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that the "Overall Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education Evaluation in the New Era" previously issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council has clearly stated that vocational school graduates will be settled, employed, and participated in government agencies and institutions. Recruitment, professional title evaluation and employment, job rank promotion, etc., are treated the same as ordinary school graduates.

　　"We will strengthen the guidance to local public employment service agencies, strictly implement relevant regulations, strengthen the management of employers in recruitment activities, ensure that the recruitment information released does not contain discriminatory conditions, and ensure that vocational college students enjoy fair employment opportunities and equal rights. "Wang Xiaojun said.

At the same time, for qualified vocational college graduates, employment support policies such as social security subsidies, training subsidies, job search and entrepreneurship subsidies, etc. will be implemented in accordance with regulations to better promote their employment and entrepreneurship.

　　In terms of public recruitment of public institutions, in 2021, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security issued the "Notice on Issues Concerning the Participation of Graduates of Vocational Colleges in Public Recruitment of Public Institutions" (Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security [2021] No. 82), requiring public institutions to establish correct selection criteria. The concept of employing people, strive to get rid of the employment orientation of only prestigious schools and academic qualifications in the society, open up the channels for vocational college graduates to participate in the open recruitment of public institutions, and effectively safeguard and protect the legitimate rights and interests of vocational college graduates to participate in the public recruitment of public institutions and equal opportunities for competition.

　　Wang Xiaojun said that the notice adheres to problem-oriented and goal-oriented, and proposes 5 highly targeted policy measures, which can be summarized as "three equals and two inclinations": graduates of vocational colleges will be better than ordinary graduates in terms of graduate colleges, majors, and educational backgrounds. College graduates are treated the same; preferential support is given to highly skilled talents who participate in public recruitment by public institutions and urgently needed skilled talents who join the cause of rural revitalization.

The notice also clarifies that for positions with vocational skill level requirements in the public recruitment of public institutions, the academic requirements may be appropriately reduced, or the academic requirements will no longer be set.

　　Zhang Qihong, secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Vocational College, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that, in fact, the increase in the social recognition of vocational education has an immediate positive impact on vocational colleges.

In 2022, the number of consultations for independent enrollment of the school will greatly exceed that of previous years, and the number of applicants for the exam will greatly exceed the enrollment plan. This is a major change that has not been seen in many years, and it is also a real reform dividend brought by the country's upgrading of the status of vocational education to vocational colleges.

"The revision of the Vocational Education Law has lit a 'guide light' for the national vocational education front, and ate a 'reassuring pill'." Zhang Qihong said.

　　◎Our reporter Zhang Gailun