The two drivers will start on Sunday (2:00 p.m.) on the front row, with the Spaniard Aleix Espargaro (3rd) at their side.
The second row is made up of ghosts: the two Ducatis of Australian Jack Miller (4th) and Frenchman Johann Zarco (6th), survivor on the last lap of Q1, while Spaniard Marc Marquez, without any rhythm but effective over two laps, set the fifth fastest time.
Alex Rins (Suzuki), co-leader of the world championship with Quartararo, did not qualify in Q2 and will start in 14th position on the starting grid.
"Mission accomplished, even if I hadn't planned to be on the front row half a second from pole," reacted Quartararo at the Canal+ microphone, adding: "I don't know what we're missing so much on a qualifying lap but I'm not the only one in this case".
"El Diablo" ended by meeting the Italian on the starting grid: "We know exactly where to attack on Sunday, we'll see!".
"Pecco" Bagnaia, struggling with his machine since the start of the season, struck a blow at the start of the afternoon under the Jerez sun by shattering Quartararo's record for the best pole position by 6/10 ( 2021) and 4/10 the track record held by Maverick Vinales (2020).
A few minutes before, in Q1, the surprise had come from the Frenchman Johann Zarco (Ducati-Pramac), with few legs since his arrival in Andalusia, who had qualified for Q2 on the last lap.
Italian rookie Marco Bezzecchi (Ducati-VR46) had set the second fastest time to play with the best to take eighth position on the grid.
French rider Fabio Quartararo riding his Yamaha during qualifying for the Spanish Moto GP Grand Prix on April 30, 2022 in Jerez de la Frontera JAVIER SORIANO AFP
Earlier in the day, the free practice session 4 (FP4), the mouthpiece of the Sunday morning warm-up and therefore of the race, had seen Bagnaia and Quartararo chain the fast laps with great regularity.
If the other drivers were not far behind on the clock, they struggled to reach their height over a lap before cutting, a sign harbinger of a Sunday battle between the two strong men of the weekend, clearly above the lot.
© 2022 AFP