A total of more than 20,000 pocket parks and more than 1,600 wetland parks of various types have been built nationwide
Make homes more beautiful and the masses more satisfied
Our reporter Ding Yiting Qiao Dong Liu Xinwu
There are green roads with shade on the road, parks with fragrant flowers and birds singing... In many places, the mountains, waters, vegetation and the city blend together, making people feel relaxed and happy and enjoy a good life.
This year's "Government Work Report" proposes to "make the homes we live in greener and more beautiful".
How to build a city into a beautiful home where man and nature coexist in harmony, so that residents can live more conveniently, comfortably and beautifully?
The reporter takes you into 3 cities and discovers the beauty of harmony between man and nature.
Revitalize the limited space and turn abandoned waste slopes into pocket parks around residents
Urban space is expensive, how to do greening articles?
In recent years, many cities have made full use of abandoned land, corner land, fronts and backs of houses and other spaces to "insert green spaces", so that there are more pocket parks and small green spaces around the people.
The gurgling stream passed through the garden, and the sound of "ping ping pong pong" was one after another, intertwined with the laughter of the children.
In the Liangjiang New District of Chongqing, the Longzhu Road Community Sports and Culture Park is covered in "green clothes" and is very lively.
Ms. Yuan, who lives nearby, comes here every morning and evening for a walk: "This used to be a barren slope sandwiched between houses, with piles of rubbish and an unpleasant smell. Now it has become the 'back garden' of the community!"
Such slopes and cliffs are not uncommon in the mountain city of Chongqing.
"Chongqing has a rugged terrain, scattered land or overgrown with weeds or exposed soil and rocks between the communities, which are not suitable for separate development and utilization. By building pocket parks, we have turned the barren slope 'alopecia areata' into a green 'tapestry'." Chongqing Municipal Administration Wang Haomin, director of the Park Management Office, said.
In 2021, after 3 months of "cosmetic surgery", the barren slope of Longzhu Road community will be transformed into a sports and cultural park——
Ingenious transformation of local materials.
Taking advantage of the height difference of nearly 10 meters, children's climbing colorful hills and a sunken children's sand pool are designed; table tennis tables, basketball courts and other sports facilities are added to the flat areas.
"It not only saves the cost of outbound transportation of earth and stone, but also increases the fun of the event, killing two birds with one stone." Wang Haomin said that the park has also built a circular runway and set up a group of seats to facilitate citizens to exercise and rest.
Careful landscaping adds value.
The local tree species such as camphor and yellow kudzu are "moved" into the garden, and plants such as spring azalea and verbena are "spread" on the hillside. , to achieve "green in four seasons, flowers in two seasons".
Well built, it needs more maintenance.
In the park, Chen Anshui, a greening maintenance worker, bowed his body and carried a hoe, digging into the soil one at a time, and replanting eucalyptus trees: "The park has just been built, and if any trees are found to be difficult to survive, they must be replaced in time, and they must be fertilized and watered regularly. water to make them grow faster."
"Pocket park is an important and effective way to improve the urban ecological environment and enrich urban green landscape, and it is also an important carrier to improve the level of community governance." Jia Jianzhong, secretary-general of the Chinese Society of Landscape Architecture believes that the most important feature of pocket parks is that they are small, refined and small. And beautiful, nearby layout, open and shared, convenient for residents to use.
In order to satisfy the masses to the greatest extent, the staff of Longzhu Road community also put a lot of effort into it.
In the beginning, Longzhu Road Park was "inserted" in the middle of the community, and the communities on both sides were surrounded by guardrails. Residents had to walk around in a circle to enter the park.
How to do?
Residents, community workers and developers sit down for a meeting and discuss, you say what I say.
"Tear down the fence and build a door! It's convenient for everyone to walk."
"There are too many doors and it's not safe. It's just a walk. It's okay to take a few steps."
…………
In the end, after negotiation, everyone decided to add a small gate to the fence.
Community residents can swipe the card to open, which is convenient and safe.
Nowadays, there are more and more pocket parks in Chongqing, making the mountain city full of greenery.
In the Lianglukou Garden in Wulong District, the silver-leaf acacia that blooms in winter is planted to realize the "four seasons of flower viewing", and the auspicious cloud pillars and duck stone carvings are also decorated to make the garden more interesting; the warm Nanyuan Community in Nan'an District used to be "dirty and messy" in the past. On the courtyard dam of the old community, now flowers, trees and leisure corridors are in harmony... According to statistics, there are more than 1,300 greening and beautification projects on slopes and cliffs in Chongqing, with a total area of more than 30 million square meters.
Push the window to see the green, go out to see the scenery.
At present, more than 20,000 pocket parks have been built nationwide, more than 80,000 kilometers of greenways have been built, and the per capita urban park green space is about 15 square meters.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Urban Construction Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, my country will continue to build a well-distributed park system in the next step, allowing residents to “see green at 300 meters and gardens at 500 meters”, and continuously improve urban green space to serve residents’ leisure and recreation, Comprehensive functions such as physical fitness, disaster prevention and hedging.
Treating black and odorous water bodies, building wetland parks, and effectively improving the urban ecosystem
Water system is an organic part of urban life.
Before and after the Qingming Festival, in the Fenhe Wetland Park in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the willow trees had just sprouted new shoots, and new green had appeared on the meadow. Even rare birds such as egrets came to join in the fun.
Nearby high-rise buildings and heavy traffic flow, but they are integrated with the world in the wetland. The city and nature coexist in this way, resulting in a wonderful "chemical reaction".
Everything in front of us makes it difficult to connect with the scene more than 10 years ago.
Wang Qiang, who lives near the east of Shengli Bridge in Taiyuan City, still remembers the smell wafting from the Fenhe River when he was a child: "When I walk in front of me, there is a stench, and when the water rises in summer, the river becomes a 'garbage dump'. It will even float down the sofa and stool. Later, the sand in the Xishan area will be dredged, and the river will dry up in winter.”
One water is divided, and nine waters are surrounded.
For thousands of years, the Fen River running through the north and south of Taiyuan has nourished and watered the city.
However, after the 1990s, the Fen River and its 9 tributaries have become synonymous with "black and stinky", which makes people avoid it.
In recent years, Taiyuan City has successively implemented projects such as the comprehensive management of the "Nine Rivers" and the phased management of the urban section of the Fenhe River.
"Wetland parks are like a big 'sponge'. If there is a continuous flow of sewage, no matter how strong the wetland's water storage and purification functions are, it will still treat the symptoms rather than the root causes." Shao Shejiao, deputy director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Natural Resources, said.
To cure the root cause, it is very important to do a good job in the management of sewage outfalls in the urban section of the Fenhe River.
When investigating the Xiaodongliu River, a tributary of the Fenhe River, Xu Demao, deputy director of the Taiyuan Ecological Environment Bureau, led a team to a building materials factory for inspection and asked, "Is that sewage outlet yours?" The person in charge denied it.
After careful inspection, I found that the plant's drainage outlet was very hidden, extending to a wasteland dozens of meters away and draining into the river.
"Only in the construction section of Xiaodongliu River, it is only 930 meters long, and there are as many as 10 sewage outlets!" Xu Demao said that through the visit, more than 1,000 sewage outlets were identified in the Fenhe River and its tributaries. Re-pollution of the river.
In the wetland park, many oases and small islands are interesting and attractive.
It is only after asking, that this design has its special consideration.
"In order to leave enough space for animals and plants to land on the shore, we adopted multi-step, natural gentle slope dams, and used ecological materials such as turf and grass to make the landscape more natural and harmonious." Senior Engineer of Shanxi Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute Ren Ren Introduced by Minkang.
Wetland parks are also known as the "kidneys" of urban ecosystems, and have obvious impacts on urban microclimate, water quantity and quality of water areas, and ecological diversity of river basins.
After the completion of the Fenhe Wetland Park, the water storage of the Taiyuan section of the Fenhe River has increased by 20%. At present, 165 species of birds such as purple heron, spot-billed duck, flower mallard and kingfisher have visited all year round.
In recent years, more and more cities in my country have wetland parks.
It is understood that the black and odorous water bodies in 295 prefecture-level and above cities (excluding prefectures and leagues) in my country have been basically eliminated, and there are more than 1,600 wetland parks of various types across the country.
Promoting urban renewal, plaza renovation, facility upgrades, leveraging new green spaces
Proper urban greening is inseparable from the ingenious design of landscaping engineers.
In the warm spring breeze, I came to the "Renewal Field" of the shopping plaza in Beijing's Xidan business district. I saw that the umbrella-shaped Weiling vegetables on the slope had turned green, and clusters of green iris were competing to grow.
"When you come back after a while, the Chinese locust tree and the luan tree will grow new leaves, bougainvillea and dancing spring flowers are in full bloom on both sides, as if you are in an urban forest. It really means 'the house is in a human environment, without the noise of cars and horses'. Speaking of the greening renovation project he participated in, Li Zhanxiu, the chief designer of Beijing Innovation Landscape Architecture Design Company, opened up the conversation.
The 56-year-old Li Zhanxiu has worked in the landscaping industry for nearly 30 years, from "big squares, large lawns" to "pocket parks, small and micro green spaces", from "introducing a large number of foreign flowers and trees" to "promoting local plants according to local conditions", He has witnessed the changes in urban landscaping work.
——The design is closer to nature.
"The neighborhood has also been renovated before, but the greening is mainly the introduction of regular lawns. There are not too many trees, and there is not enough shade in summer. Now there are more green plants and scenery shapes, and it is more natural. It feels like shopping in the park." Xiao Ming, a Beijing citizen who grew up in the Xidan area, said.
At the beginning of the renovation, the first problem that Li Zhanxiu and his colleagues faced was the limitation of insufficient soil covering—the original covering soil was only 60 cm thick, which affected the normal growth of trees and had to be replanted every year.
To this end, the designers reduced the underground plaza from 4 floors to 3 floors, leaving more space for greening on the ground, and the thickness of the covering soil was increased to 1.5 meters to 2 meters.
Buildings can do "subtraction", and greening can do "addition".
Strolling through the "Renewal Field", trees such as Pinus tabulaeformis and Yuanbaofeng are scattered in the roof garden. Begonias on the sunken square form a circle, echoing with low shrubs such as cloves and small boxwoods, and ground cover plants such as Weiling vegetables. The formation of rich layers of plant communities.
"The square covers an area of 18,000 square meters, the green area has increased from the original 5,000 square meters to more than 11,000 square meters, and the trees have increased from about 100 to more than 300." Li Zhanxiu introduced that the sunken commercial plaza is hidden in the transparent In the sparse forest greenery, coupled with the gray volcanic rock facade that can reduce noise and heat insulation, it achieves the effect of "hidden in the downtown".
——The greening plan is more scientific.
"Why don't you plant more evergreen tree species?" Seeing that in addition to a small number of evergreen tree species such as pinus tabulaeformis and white bark pine, many deciduous trees are still dormant and their crowns are bare, the reporter asked.
"In fact, in the northern region, a variety of winter deciduous trees are conducive to light transmission, allowing people to fully enjoy the warm sun." Li Zhanxiu explained that in the past, Beijing has also tried to introduce some evergreen broad-leaved tree species, but the survival rate is not high.
After years of exploration, it is found that the ratio of deciduous trees to evergreen trees in Beijing is more appropriate to maintain at 7:3, which is conducive to creating an urban leisure environment with shade in summer and warmth in winter.
In addition, in recent years, urban greening is also striving to be frugal and pragmatic.
On the lawn of the "Renewal Field", cool-season grasses and wild grasses such as Villinia are alternately arranged.
"Cold-season grasses such as bluegrass and tall fescue are neat and beautiful, but they consume a lot of water and have high maintenance costs, so they are suitable for a small amount of use in key areas. The two are arranged in a certain proportion and can complement each other's advantages." Li Zhanxiu introduced that the mixed sowing method of cool-season grass and wild grass has been popularized and applied in many landscaping projects.
Urban renewal involves both the renovation of old buildings and the upgrading of infrastructure.
The greening renovation project of the demonstration section of Ping'an Street in Beijing is one of the typical cases.
"The once empty and gray street has become a greenway with flowers and plants, shaded and eye-catching." In Beijing, Hu Xin, born in the 1990s, likes to ride a bicycle from Ping'an Street, passing Beihai and Nanluoguxiang all the way, feeling the charm of old Beijing.
In the past, on both sides of Ping'an Avenue with a road width of 30 to 40 meters, there were mostly low-rise buildings with two floors and below, with disproportionate space and insufficient green shade.
To this end, Li Zhanxiu and his team added a green belt with an average width of about 3 meters in the center of the street. The upper layer is planted with native species such as Chinese locust and Begonia, the lower layer is planted with roses, hydrangea and other plants, and the bottom is equipped with perennial flowers. Widen the sidewalks and non-motorized vehicle lanes, with green bamboo, benches, barrier-free facilities, etc., to create a comfortable atmosphere of "cycling on the tree-lined road, walking on the garden street, and relaxing in the micro park".
Li Zhanxiu, who has been in the industry for many years, found that in recent years, the urban landscaping industry has received more and more attention, and the number of projects and investment volume are also increasing. "There is still a lot of potential for urban renewal. Make people’s lives more comfortable and more comfortable.”