Did Emmanuel Macron keep his promises on ecology?

• Emmanuel Macron is on the move this Thursday, March 31 to defend his environmental record.

• In 2017, then during his mandate, he undertook to set up a conversion bonus, renovate half of the thermal strainers or ban glyphosate.

• 20 Minutes

  dissects what the candidate for power did.

In Charente-Maritime, this Thursday, March 31, Emmanuel Macron wants to regain control of ecology, the angle of attack of his opponents on the left.

The president-candidate defends his record and, above all, plans his action for after the presidential election.

But did he keep his promises of 2017 and those of his mandate?

After a first part published on Tuesday,

reviews the announcements on the conversion bonus, the renovation of half of the thermal colanders, the ban on glyphosate or the resumption of the proposals of the Citizen's Climate Convention.

“We will create, within the framework of the investment plan, an exceptional bonus of 1,000 euros to allow all those whose vehicles were manufactured before 2001 to buy more ecological cars, whether new or used.

»

Outfit.

Provided for in the major investment plan 2018-2022, this conversion bonus was launched at 1,000 euros and doubled for non-taxable households.

The aim was to accelerate the scrapping of 10 million particularly polluting vehicles (3 million gasoline vehicles dating from before 1997 and 7 million diesel vehicles dating from before 2006).

The government aimed to transition 100,000 vehicles per year.

This objective has been exceeded: nearly 800,000 conversion bonuses have been granted since 2018, according to the Ministry of Ecological Transition.

The system has evolved over the years and, depending on specific criteria, its amount can go up to 5,000 euros for an electric or hybrid vehicle or 3,000 euros for a petrol vehicle in 2022, which can be combined with the ecological bonus.

Zélie Victor, energy transition manager at the Climate Action Network, stresses, however, that it “is still possible to buy a new gasoline vehicle” with this bonus, the system is therefore incomplete from an environmental point of view.

"We must strengthen it and end the sale of diesel and gasoline vehicles, as well as hybrids, from 2030," she adds.

A provision set at 2040 for internal combustion engines only by the Mobility Law.

“We will aim to renovate half of the housing strainers of the most modest owners from 2022, in order to reduce emissions and lower costs (electricity, fuel oil, gas).

»

Not held.

This promise remains difficult to verify, because few surveys on energy renovation have taken place and their data are contradictory, the calculation method having evolved.

Thus, in 2017, the firm SIA Partners estimated at 7.4 million the number of thermal sieves in mainland France, that is to say dwellings labeled F and G in the energy performance diagnosis (DPE).

This analysis is based on a survey dating from 2012, carried out by the Ministry of Ecology.

The other study was published in 2020 by the National Observatory for Energy Renovation with data from 2018. It reports 4.8 million energy strainers, but the calculation method differs.

However, for the National Real Estate Federation (Fnaim), the reform of the DPE in the Climate and Resilience Law leads to the doubling of energy sieves, which it estimates "between 7 and 8 million" in 2021. "We are in a situation of statistical precariousness, it is already a political signal of the lack of investment”, estimates Danyel Dubreuil, coordinator of the initiative Rénovons pour le Cler, network for the energy transition.

If the data is lacking to compare the situation between the beginning and the end of the five-year period, it remains possible to assess the trajectory followed to eradicate the thermal sieves.

Thus, the 2020 National Low Carbon Strategy set a target of at least 370,000 complete renovations per year from the end of this five-year period.

“We are only at 70,000 complete renovations per year over the period 2012-2018, regrets Zélie Victor, from the Climate Action Network, citing the data from the report of the evaluation committee of the France recovery plan.

After 2030, the objective is 700,000 and we are well below what should be done.

»

“The start of the five-year term was not marked by results, acknowledged Emmanuel Macron in March.

We changed the logic.

In 2021, we succeeded in financing the renovation of 650,000 housing units,” he explained, taking the MaPrimeRénov scheme as an example.

“These are gestures of renovation.

Old boilers are mainly replaced by heat pumps, notes Danyel Dubreuil.

It's not uninteresting, but it's very limited.

We expect a drop in overall consumption to have a much more sober and resilient fleet.

»

“By 2022, all collective catering – school canteens and company restaurants – will have to offer at least 50% organic, quality label or local products.

»

Partially held.

The Egalim law, adopted in October 2018, requires collective catering to serve 50% quality and sustainable products, including at least 20% organic products by 2022.

This law, however, is slow to be applied.

Contacted by

, the Ministry of Agriculture indicates, according to the latest figures, that the share of sustainable products varies between 11 to 15% depending on the catering segments.

Organic food in canteens has gone from 3.4% in 2017 to 10% in 2021, underlines the cabinet of the ministry, which estimates that despite a difficult context with the Covid-19, "the dynamic is engaged".

“I have asked the government to take the necessary steps to ban the use of glyphosate in France as soon as alternatives have been found, and no later than three years from now.

»

Not held.

Seven months after taking office, on November 27, 2017, Emmanuel Macron pledged to ban glyphosate.

But in May 2018, at the instigation of the executive, the National Assembly did not include this ban in the Agriculture and Food Law.

The Head of State will justify this decision by the risk of "killing an entire sector" for lack of an alternative.

He admitted in December 2020 that he had failed to keep his promise, pleading a “collective” failure.

This weedkiller was classified as a "probable carcinogen" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2021.

“What comes out of [the Citizen's Climate Convention], I promise, will be submitted without filter either to the vote of Parliament, or to a referendum, or to direct regulatory application.

»

Not held.

It was another emblematic promise of Emmanuel Macron's five-year term, which he made for the first time on April 25, 2019 at a press conference.

This "without filter" was subsequently nuanced according to "the nature of the measures".

Launched in October 2019 following the "yellow vests" crisis, the Citizen's Climate Convention brought together 150 citizens drawn by lot to work on the measures to be taken to combat climate change.

After eight months of debate, they adopted 149 proposals to reduce French greenhouse gas emissions by 40% compared to 1990, and by 2030. They will be partly included in the Climate Law of July 2021, but the result was considered very insufficient in the eyes of the “citizens”.

They gave the government a score of 2.5 out of 10.

Elections

Presidential 2022: Renewable energies, diesel… Has Emmanuel Macron kept his promises on ecology?

Elections

Presidential 2022: Housing tax, ISF, reform of the baccalaureate… Did Emmanuel Macron keep his promises of 2017?

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