A major concern of the French, education often gives the opportunity to see that the right-left divide still exists.

Between the candidates for the presidential election emphasizing the discipline and merit of both students and teachers, and those who make school for all and equal opportunities their priority, there is something for everyone. tastes.

Overview of the main proposals made in the programs.

The Lutte Ouvrière candidate wants to create additional posts in the National Education system and prohibit private funding of higher education establishments.

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The Debout le France (DLF) candidate wants to give priority to basic knowledge: to ensure that students master reading and writing after primary school by increasing the hours devoted to French from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. weeks with compulsory refresher courses for children who are late and the establishment of personality support from the end of kindergarten.

It also intends to return to the numerical notation, to abolish the teaching of initiation to foreign languages ​​(EILE), to return to a baccalaureate with more written tests and to restore and develop the boarding schools of excellence and merit scholarships.

Nicolas Dupont-Aignan wants to upgrade the teaching profession by increasing salaries by 20% initially, then by an additional 20% in return for hours of tutoring.

He promises to return to the reform of the CAPES competition and to no longer send novice teachers to the most difficult establishments.

The member for Essonne also wants to upgrade professional and technological paths by making work-study a national cause to aim for one million contracts, i.e. a doubling of the current workforce, by diversifying the national offer by adapting it to technologies and new professions.

It also wishes to make bullying a major national cause by excluding guilty students and making it possible to suspend their parents' family allowances, to raise students' awareness of the dangers of social networks and to continue the creation of specialized establishments, in boarding schools and with reinforced security measures, in order to accommodate the definitively excluded.

It intends to condition the payment of family allowances on school attendance and authorize the wearing of a uniform.

He wants to ban inclusive writing, prohibit accompanying parents from wearing religious symbols, and pay the back-to-school allowance (ARS) in the form of vouchers proportionate to family income.

With regard to higher education, the DLF candidate promises to reaffirm the principle of free admission, to refuse any recruitment procedure outside of the single examination in the Grandes Ecoles, to prohibit any form of recruitment or selection by lot, to condition the legal maintenance of foreign students in France to their results and to condition scholarships on social criteria to attendance and results.

Finally, it undertakes to build new university residences with a decreasing access price depending on resources but conditional on results and to prohibit the wearing of religious symbols.

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The socialist candidate promises to increase the remuneration of teachers to the level of that of executives and intends to organize general states of pedagogy from 2022 to deploy open, inclusive and collaborative pedagogies.

She wants to put an end to school ghettos by forcing the departments to adopt a "mixed plan".

It wants to rethink civic education by putting at the heart the transmission of the values ​​of the Republic: freedom, equality, fraternity, secularism, fight against all forms of discrimination (anti-Semitism, racism, LGBTQIphobia, sexism).

She intends to make the fight against harassment a major mobilization of the five-year term.

Anne Hidalgo promises to remove Parcoursup in favor of "fair and human rules of access to higher education".

It wishes to guarantee individualized support for young people who drop out of school and targets 60% of each age group with higher education qualifications, compared to 38% today.

The mayor of Paris also wants to give the possibility of working and studying alternately thanks to adapted schedules and programs.

Finally, she intends to set up a major artistic education program at school.

The environmentalist candidate wishes the organization of a consensus conference with the whole of the educational community to "make room for pedagogies favoring school attachment and learning by experience".

He promises the recruitment of at least 65,000 teachers, a 20% increase in teachers' salaries, the restoration of gradual entry into the profession, the reform of the school map to promote a policy of social and school diversity, the recruitment of 2,000 school doctors, 1,000 social workers and 3,000 nurses to ensure adequate coverage of needs,

Yannick Jadot wants the development of programs to be entrusted to an independent authority and intends to promote the professional path, "essential to the ecological transition".

It intends to strengthen education for democracy and set up a "genuine" public guidance service.

On higher education, the MEP promises the replacement of Parcoursup by a transparent system so that no bachelor is left without registration in one of his desired courses, the creation of 100,000 places in the first year, in particular in training short courses preparing for transition professions (BTS and IUT) and in the health and social professions, the opening of training courses outside major cities.

He also wants the cancellation of the increase in registration fees for foreign students, possible access to a Master's degree for all students who have obtained a Bachelor's degree, the creation of 8,000 to 10,000 teacher-researcher positions, the integration of preparatory classes for universities, the construction of university residences and the increase of the research budget by 0,

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The candidate of the Resist!

wants to upgrade the status and salary of teachers – which should be 2,181 euros net according to him to be comparable to the 1970s –, lighten school programs by insisting on fundamental knowledge, create a new discipline to master digital tools and return on the baccalaureate reform.

Jean Lassalle promises to promote work-study programs and professional courses by developing lessons in college and high school to discover "concrete and artisanal materials (wood, ceramics, glass, sculpture, cooking, textiles, leather, etc.)" and by helping financially companies to hire apprentices.

It intends to set up language trips abroad and stays in the mountains or in the countryside in middle and high school thanks to state and local aid of 500 euros per student and per school year.

The far-right candidate wants to restore the efficiency of the education system by organizing a review of teaching methods and content, and repositioning the school as a vector for transmitting the history of France and its heritage.

To do this, it intends to increase the number of hours of lessons for primary school pupils, give priority in primary school to the teaching of French and mathematics and limit the number of pupils per class to 20 in the large kindergarten section and in CP and 30 in secondary school.

It wants to make the college certificate an orientation examination towards general and technological education, vocational education or the teaching of trades through apprenticeship.

She promises the repeal of the Blanquer reform of the baccalaureate to restore it to diploma status "

Marine Le Pen intends to put an end to "the lax doctrine in disciplinary matters" by abolishing family allowances and school grants in the event of absenteeism of children and serious and repeated disturbances within educational establishments and by introducing minimum sanctions for protect teachers and put an end to the "no wave" doctrine.

But the deputy of the National Rally goes further: she is in favor of the systematic use by the educational institution of article 433-5 of the Penal Code relating to insults to a person in charge of a public service mission which provides for a six-month prison sentence and a fine of 7,500 euros and the generalization of video protection in secondary schools.

Finally, she promises to upgrade the teaching profession by increasing salaries by 3% per year for five years, to review the recruitment of teachers and the principles of management of the teaching staff.

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The outgoing president wants to increase the hours of French and mathematics in primary and 6th grade and put mathematics in the common core of high school.

He also wants to increase the practice of sport with 30 minutes per day of physical education in primary school from 2022 and 2 hours more per week in college.

It intends to generalize and strengthen the "no to bullying" delegates at the college and give more resources to the dedicated platforms (3018 and 3020).

It intends to increase to 35 hours the working time of those accompanying students with disabilities to upgrade them and better help the children.

Emmanuel Macron offers the discovery, from 5th to 3rd, of several professions, including technical and manual professions and wishes to make vocational high school a path of excellence with internships in companies increasing by 50% and the remuneration of young people.

He promises to open up all the necessary places in the higher education courses that correspond to the needs of the country, but also to regulate the courses that do not lead enough to employment.

It intends to give more freedom to institutions for the recruitment of part of the teaching team and finally guarantees increases for teachers who accept new assignments.

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The rebellious candidate promises to ensure equality in front of the school thanks to the real free public education, including canteens, transport, extracurricular activities, the provision of textbooks to pupils as well as unbranded supplies. .

He also intends to put in place "a real priority education policy", reduce the number of students per class everywhere to do better than the European average which is 19 and introduce a new school map to put an end to school segregation.

It intends to extend compulsory schooling to 18 years of age by offering, if necessary, a guarantee of autonomy from the age of 16.

It wishes to guarantee the variety of living languages ​​taught and their learning from CP

Jean-Luc Mélenchon proposes to revalue the personnel of the National Education by catching up with the freezing of the index point since 2010 and by updating the salary scales.

It also intends to strengthen the school's resources with a multi-year recruitment plan, strengthen teacher training by integrating, in particular, the sociology of education, pedagogy, child and adolescent psychology, and the fight against discrimination.

It wishes to strengthen the staff of school life and school medicine.

It also promises the creation of a genuine public disability support service with a new body of staff.

He wants to restore the national baccalaureate diploma, by repealing the reforms of the high school, the professional path and the college.

The MP for Bouches-du-Rhône also wants to "make school the lever of the ecological and democratic bifurcation" by integrating the ecological issue into the programs from kindergarten to high school and by strengthening education for equality. , against sexism and discrimination.

For higher education, he wants to guarantee free access and for all graduates access without selection to the training of their choice by dismantling the Parcoursup system.

It also intends to put an end to the precariousness of doctoral students and young researchers by making staff performing long-term missions permanent and by repealing the research programming law for the years 2021 to 2030. It promises to increase the budget of universities and research centres, to launch a major plan for university real estate, including the construction and renovation of laboratories, lecture halls and places for social, civic and student life, to build 15,000 additional housing units per year and to renovate existing dwellings.

At last,

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The candidate of the Les Républicains party wants a school for the transmission of knowledge that gives priority to the teaching of fundamentals.

To do this, she intends to increase the learning of French by 2 hours per week and the learning of mathematics by one hour in primary school.

It intends to introduce an examination at college entrance to validate the basic skills and create a 6th consolidation to help those who are behind.

She wants to reintegrate mathematics into the common core in high school, offer free tutoring thanks to a "national educational reserve" made up of retired teachers and paid students and create day schools of excellence open until 8 p.m. in priority areas. for homework, sport and culture.

For teachers, Valérie Pécresse promises an increase in their salary at the start of their career and when they accept additional assignments or teach in difficult establishments.

It intends to recruit 10,000 teachers and supervisors and allow the autonomy of the establishments.

The president of the Île-de-France region says she is in favor of equal access to higher education.

To do this, it intends to reform Parcoursup, restore merit scholarships for high school graduates with honors and upgrade student scholarships.

Finally, it proposes the establishment of "university in high school" with the development of a first year of distance higher education in high schools in rural areas.

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The candidate of the New Anti-Capitalist Party (NPA) wants to increase teachers' salaries by 33% and unify their statutes from kindergarten to university.

He promises the tenure of all contract workers, civil servant status for AESH and AED and the massive recruitment of staff to have a maximum of 20 students per class and 12 in priority education.

Philippe Poutou also plans to nationalize private education.

Finally, it is committed to the construction of school buildings in order to have a maximum of 500 young people per establishment.

The communist candidate promises to increase the National Education budget by 45% to reach 80 billion euros.

He wants to set up the right to schooling from the age of 2 and increase school time to reach 27 hours per week in primary and 32 hours in college, with the aim of putting an end to homework.

He promises the recruitment of 90,000 teachers whose training will be reinforced, a 30% salary increase, free everything necessary for educational courses and the reduction of staff (15 pupils maximum in the small section, 20 maximum for the rest of the primary, 25 maximum in the secondary), in particular in priority education (12 pupils per class maximum).

He intends to repeal the reforms of the high school and the baccalaureate.

Fabien Roussel wants to create a real job supporting students with disabilities, under civil service status, with a decent salary and ambitious training.

It also proposes the implementation of a plan for the construction and improvement of public establishments and their equipment.

The deputy from the North wants to increase the budget for higher education from 14 to 20 billion euros, the recruitment of 15,000 teacher-researchers, the construction of four new universities, a national equipment plan and the increase in contracts doctorates for young researchers.

Finally, he promises the abolition of Parcoursup, a minimum salary at minimum wage for work-study students and an allowance of 850 euros per month for students.

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The other far-right candidate provides for the creation of a major State Ministry for Knowledge and Transmission, bringing together Public Education, Higher Education and Culture.

He wants to refocus teaching around fundamental knowledge (reading, writing, counting) in primary school and monitor their acquisition at the end of primary school by introducing a Certificate of Completion.

He promises to come back to the high school reform and make the baccalaureate a national exam again.

It also intends to protect children "from any ideological propaganda at school", to prohibit inclusive writing, to establish genuine teaching and practice of music in primary and secondary schools,

Éric Zemmour promises above all to restore discipline and respect for authority at school by suspending family allowances for parents of disruptive or absentee pupils, transforming Principal Education Advisors into General Supervisors whose sole purpose is the maintenance of school order, the removal of disruptive pupils in reintegration boarding schools and the compulsory wearing of overalls in primary school.

He proposes to establish a stricter selection of teachers and to revalue their salary thanks to "teaching excellence bonuses" based on the quality of the transmission of knowledge evaluated thanks to more frequent inspections.

On higher education, he wants to "refound the university" by relieving congestion in the saturated sectors and without professional opportunities by introducing targeted numerus clausus, but also by ending positive discrimination in the selective sectors and by redirecting the means to train more engineers in all sectors.

It intends to facilitate access to social and merit scholarships for children from the middle classes and to abolish scholarships for absentee students.

It intends to select foreign students on merit.

Finally, he promises to invest in research by increasing public and private expenditure on research and development to 3% of GDP, by increasing the salaries of researchers based on merit and by launching major innovation programs (quantum cryptography, space,

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