What does the autonomy plan for Western Sahara consist of?

• Historical turn Sánchez sought and worked for months in person diplomatic peace with Morocco

• Diplomacy Spain recovers the Moroccan ambassador and loses the Algerian one after Pedro Sánchez's turn on the Sahara

Last Friday, Spain took a historic turn in its traditional position regarding the

conflict by expressing its support for the Moroccan autonomy plan presented in 2007 to the

.

What does this initiative that

offers to the Saharawis consist of?

The Moroccan proposal proposes delegating some powers to the Saharawi population, within a strongly centralist state that in recent years has been implementing regionalization always within a central government that continues to assume most of the powers.

According to the text of the Moroccan initiative, the

would have its own administrative, legal and judicial powers, and powers in the economic, tax, infrastructure, cultural and social spheres.

But the powers related to defense, foreign affairs, currency, flag and religion would remain in the hands of the central State.

The Saharawis would also have a government and a president sworn in by the king, but who would be previously elected by the region's parliament.

The document sent by Morocco to the UN adds that "the Moroccan State, through this initiative, guarantees the Saharawis, both those inside and outside, their position and their full role in the different instances and institutions of the region,

."

It also stipulates that "the inhabitants of the Sahara, in a democratic manner, can self-manage their legislative and executive bodies and will have the necessary financial resources for the development of the region at all levels."

The initiative includes a judicial system of the region with a regional superior court, which would be subject to the

of Morocco.

A THIRD WAY PROPOSED IN 2001

Last Friday, the Spanish government backed this plan as "the most serious, credible and realistic basis" to resolve this conflict that has stalled before the UN for almost half a century.

The

-which was inscribed in 1965 on the list of non-autonomous territories of the United Nations- is before the instances of

, which has debated and approved (on an annual, bi-annual or quarterly basis) a large number of resolutions on the former Spanish colony.

Among the most notable are the

in 1988 that contemplated a ceasefire between Morocco and the

(signed in 1991) that put an end to a war between the two parties that broke out in 1975, and also provided for a self-determination referendum that it could not be carried out due to

's refusal

and the lack of agreement when carrying out a voter census.

It was from 2001 when the UN began to talk (with the

) of "a third way" that took into account the Moroccan position on a broad autonomy for the Saharawis under its sovereignty.

According to the political and military analyst

, a former senior Polisario official, the solution of autonomy for the Sahara - a semi-desert territory of more than 266,000 square kilometers - "has always been present" in the corridors of the UN.

The autonomy proposal took shape when King

ordered the creation of

in 2006 , which was in charge of designing the Moroccan autonomy project, officially presented to the United Nations in April 2007.

"With CORCAS, the objective was for there to be a representative Saharawi entity that would give constituent power to the Moroccan program of autonomy," the Saharawi analyst specifies.

ALGERIA PROPOSED A GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISION

Since then, the Moroccan proposal began to gain ground before the international community and the great powers (especially the

), to the point that the Security Council began to describe it in its resolutions as "serious, credible and realistic".

"Praising the Moroccan plan, the Security Council always defended a

solution . Spain, with its new position, has removed that tagline and says simply and plainly that this plan has guarantees to solve the problem," according to Ennas.

For Ennas it was evident that the conflict was going to end with the solution of autonomy in the face of the diametrically opposed positions of the two parties.

Algeria (the main international supporter of the Polisario that welcomes the Saharawis in its territory in

) even proposed a geographical division between Morocco and the Polisario to keep the southern part of the territory from the

, recalls Ennas.

An attempt that did not prosper before the refusal of Rabat.

In the same sense, the lawyer specializing in the Sahara issue

stresses to Efe that the signs of the autonomy plan began to be perceived in the last elections last September when "70% of the inhabitants of the Saharawi regions voted."

Offering autonomy to the Sahara does not mean, according to Bouamri, favoring it over other regions "because the Moroccans are aware of the nature of the conflict and will support the plan."

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• Morocco

• Occidental Sahara

• France

• United States

• Mohammed VI

• Ministry of Defence

• Justice

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