In order to avoid the appearance of the word "late", it is necessary to work hard around the word "early" (big health observation)

　　Health is no trivial matter, and every bit is related to people's livelihood.

At the just past National Two Sessions, representatives from the field of health and health actively offered advice and suggestions for the construction of a healthy China.

Our reporter sorted out some hot topics for readers.

Among them, the frequent appearance of the keyword "early" highlights the importance attached by the medical community to early screening, early diagnosis and prevention.

　　Achieve full coverage of "two cancers" screening as soon as possible

　　As the two major tumors affecting women's health, breast cancer and cervical cancer are regarded as "beautiful killers".

　　"At present, the incidence of 'two cancers' in women is increasing year by year, and the trend is obvious." Representative Wang Lan, president of Wuhan Fourth Hospital, said that doing a good job in the screening of "two cancers" is not only to protect women's health, but also to protect women's health. The happiness of thousands of families.

　　"Regular screening is an important means to detect tumors in time, improve the cure rate, and reduce mortality." Committee member Wang Weiming, vice president of the Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, suggested that the public service supply and public resource allocation should be further optimized, and effective measures should be given from the national public health level. The health security of China has been increasing, and the investment in the screening of "two cancers" has been continuously increased to benefit more and more women.

　　Representative Wang Ling, executive deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Hubei Provincial People's Congress, suggested that full coverage of the "two cancers" screening for breast and cervical cancer should be achieved as soon as possible. "At the same time, we should strengthen the innovative research and development of screening technology, strengthen the application of artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies, and encourage capable scientific research teams to tackle key technologies of diagnosis and treatment."

　　Cervical cancer can be effectively prevented by vaccination (HPV vaccine).

Since 2020, many places in China have deployed the free HPV vaccine for school-age women.

HPV vaccines are divided into bivalent, quadrivalent and 9-valent.

Among them, bivalent and tetravalent can cover HPV types 16 and 18, which cause 70% of cervical cancers.

　　"From the perspective of public health, there is no significant difference in the immunogenicity and preventive effect of bivalent, quadrivalent, and ninevalent HPV vaccines. If the purpose of preventing cervical cancer, bivalent domestic HPV vaccine can fully meet the demand, and the cost is reasonable. .” Representative Xu Ping, director of the Art Committee Office of Chengdu Classic Hui Culture Technology Co., Ltd. pointed out that the current overall cervical cancer vaccination rate of Chinese school-age women is relatively low, and it is recommended to include the bivalent HPV vaccine into the immunization plan, with girls aged 13 to 15 years old as the immunization plan. Focus on the implementation of voluntary free vaccinations, and the Health Commission, Women's Federation, education, finance and other relevant departments will work together to formulate implementation plans to popularize vaccinations in an orderly manner, benefiting all women as soon as possible.

Accelerate the promotion of early diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

　　"As a cancer treatment doctor, the last thing we want to see is the word 'late', and the word 'early' is what we want to tell you the most, because there are too few people doing early screening." Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Wang Guiqi, director of the Department of Endoscopy, said.

　　"Malignant tumors do not have typical symptoms in the early stage, and there has never been a sudden tumor. Its occurrence and development is a multi-stage slow process." Wang Guiqi introduced that as for the high incidence of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer in China, from It takes 10 to 15 years for the body to be normal to the appearance of precancerous lesions, early cancer, and finally to a mid-to-late stage tumor with clinical symptoms. "Most people have a fever, can't eat, and are always uncomfortable. After waiting for symptoms, I went to the hospital for treatment. However, once the malignant tumors have obvious symptoms, many of them are already in the middle and late stages.”

　　Fortunately, China's screening and early diagnosis technology has reached the international advanced level.

"We can detect early cancer and precancerous lesions, and then use super minimally invasive technology to treat or even cure these diseases while preserving human organs and ensuring postoperative quality of life." Wang Guiqi said.

　　With the support of major national public health projects and the joint efforts of all sectors of society, the current rural cancer early diagnosis and early treatment project has covered 782 counties and districts in 31 provinces across the country.

After a large number of primary medical staff have been trained, the ability of cancer screening and early diagnosis has been greatly improved.

　　"In order to avoid the appearance of the word 'late', the whole society must focus on the word 'early'." Wang Guiqi said, "As long as the high-quality development of rural cancer screening and early diagnosis work continues to be promoted, the incidence of major malignant tumors in rural areas will be reduced. A double drop in mortality."

　　This year, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Academician Wang Chen, submitted a proposal for the inclusion of COPD in the national basic public health service project for the second time. The service project is a basic, leading and multiplier measure, and the sufficient and necessary conditions in all aspects have been matured.”

　　"COPD should be included in basic public health services as soon as possible, so as to improve the whole society's awareness of COPD, improve the ability of primary medical institutions to diagnose and treat COPD, achieve early diagnosis and early treatment, and urge primary medical institutions to equip portable lung Function instrument, rapid popularization of pulmonary function tests, establishment of an incentive mechanism for grassroots doctors to manage COPD patients, full management of patients, standardized treatment and follow-up, so as to improve the level of COPD prevention, diagnosis and treatment, and benefit more patients.” Sichuan. Li Weimin, president of the University's West China Hospital, said.

　　"Only less than 3% of COPD patients know that they have COPD, and the public awareness rate of COPD is less than 10%. Most of the patients already have severe or even very severe COPD when they are first diagnosed. The difficulty of diagnosis and treatment and the economic burden have greatly increased." Li Weimin said that only by not letting patients miss the opportunity for early intervention can the current situation of unsatisfactory COPD prevention and control be improved.

　　General practitioners with high training level and sufficient number

　　Growing from a medical student to a qualified doctor generally requires more than 10 years of training and life-cycle learning.

　　"The training direction of clinical medical talents should be determined by the disease spectrum of the common people. Common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases need to be diagnosed at the grassroots level, and complex diseases need to be diagnosed by specialists." Wang Songling, vice president of Capital Medical University and member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, At present, the proportion of general practitioners in China’s doctor composition is low. The government should play a regulatory role to ensure that the proportion of general practitioners exceeds 50% and improve the quality of general practitioners working on the front line. Only in this way can the division of labor be achieved and a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system be established .

　　In the past two years, Wu Hao, Dean of the School of General Medicine and Continuing Education of Capital Medical University, has participated in major community epidemic prevention and control work in 11 provinces.

In his view, community general practitioners, as the first contacts of patients, are the "gatekeepers" for epidemic monitoring and early warning. To consolidate the grass-roots health service network, it is necessary to train high-level and sufficient general practitioners.

　　"At this stage, the general medicine department of general hospitals still faces problems such as short establishment time, late start, insufficient manpower, lack of funds, and unclear development path." Wu Hao suggested that the state can select general medicine departments in some general hospitals as national The construction of key clinical specialties will increase the attention of the whole society to the development of general medicine.

　　"Attract the best talents to medicine, put the elite education of the long-term medical education system in place, and improve the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment mechanism. Guide the whole society to respect life, respect doctors, and respect medicine." Wang Songling said.

　　Promote the high-quality development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry

　　As a product of traditional Chinese medicine that keeps pace with the times, Chinese medicine formula granules are gradually recognized by the market due to their advantages of portability, storage, and convenience in taking.

　　According to the requirements of the announcement jointly issued by the State Food and Drug Administration and other four departments, from November 1, 2021, the production enterprises of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules must implement the national standards. After the national drug standards are issued, the corresponding provincial standards will be abolished.

　　Representative Zhang Boli, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, suggested that the formulation of national standards for traditional Chinese medicine formula granules should be further intensified and the filing speed should be accelerated, and a batch of mature batches should be promulgated. waste.

Because provincial standards are only transitional standards, once the new national standards are promulgated, the original provincial standards will be revoked, which adds unnecessary burden to enterprises and wastes research resources in the early stage.

　　From the initial chemicals to proprietary Chinese medicines, the reform of centralized procurement with volume has gradually expanded.

In December 2021, Hubei will lead 19 provinces to form an inter-provincial alliance to carry out centralized procurement of Chinese patent medicines.

This is the first centralized procurement of Chinese patent medicine alliances in the country. According to estimates, it can save more than 2.6 billion yuan in drug costs every year.

　　In the view of Lu Qingguo, chairman of Chenguang Bio, such centralized procurement will force Chinese patent medicine companies to abandon the original model of focusing on marketing, scientific research, and management, and greatly reduce marketing expenses.

Under the premise of ensuring product quality, it is possible to win the competition by relying on technological innovation and management improvement to reduce the cost of drug processing.

　　"Centralized drug procurement can concentrate production capacity to a certain extent, change the status quo of repeated production and small-scale decentralized production by multiple enterprises of one variety, and promote manufacturers to choose varieties with their own advantages, concentrate on improving process technology, improve management level, and enhance comprehensive competition. It is of great significance to promote the high-quality development of my country's traditional Chinese medicine industry." Lu Qingguo suggested that the scope of the centralized procurement of traditional Chinese medicines should be expanded, and the process of centralized procurement of traditional Chinese medicines in various regions should be accelerated as soon as possible. To maximize the centralized procurement of Chinese patent medicines, and promote the high-quality, healthy and sustainable development of the Chinese medicine industry; further optimize the centralized procurement rules and technical evaluation and price competition scoring rules of Chinese patent medicines, reduce the weight of technical evaluation, and ensure the quality of drugs. Under the premise of fully reflecting the price advantage, it can reduce the cost of medical insurance and achieve the effect of scientific and fair competition.

Wang Meihua