The health crisis and then the crisis in Ukraine made us forget another... the environmental crisis.
The latter remains a major concern of the French.
An Ipsos Sopra-Steria poll, commissioned by public radio France Inter, and published at the end of January, reveals that the environment comes second in the campaign, behind the crisis of social inequalities.
But less than two months before the presidential election, this major theme is struggling to emerge in public debate.
Yet the majority of candidates, on the left and on the right, are teeming with ideas to defend the planet.
Review of their proposals.
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The candidate of Debout La France recommends, in his program, 14 measures intended to preserve the environment.
Among them, he plans to multiply by six the means devoted to thermal insulation compared to 2020. Nicolas Dupont-Aignan also sets himself five years to eliminate wind turbines.
He plans to launch a ten-year zero-waste program for the oceans, targeting plastic pollution and a ban on obsolete products.
Regarding transport, he wants the lifting of traffic restrictions linked to the extension of low emission zones in urban areas, abolish taxes on gasoline and company vehicles produced in France, return to 90 km / h.
He also promises to engage in a real fight against air pollution by establishing, on the one hand, a bonus-malus policy favorable to electric vehicles and, on the other hand, by renovating the traditional rail network.
The candidate of Debout la France, who defends hunting and rurality, also wishes to launch a "referendum for animals" for animal welfare.
Our entrepreneurs have talent!
As the price of #fuel explodes... let's develop this new innovation of recovery and transformation of our #waste into #diesel!
My #environment and #energy proposals for true #ecology: https://t.co/DktUwPsynZ pic.twitter.com/AJsO7GBrCK
— N. Dupont-Aignan (@dupontaignan) February 25, 2022
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Unlike her right-wing opponents, the socialist candidate wants to gradually end nuclear power before 2050 "without a hasty exit so as not to drive up the price of energy" and quickly reach 100% renewable energy.
The current mayor of Paris wishes to bring ecology to the judicial aspect.
It intends, in fact, that the law can recognize the "crime of ecocide", establish the function of defender of the environment and create an International Criminal Court for the environment within the UN.
President, she will appoint as number two in the government a Minister for the Climate, Biodiversity and the Economy.
It also proposes that a climate and biodiversity budget, voted at the end of each year by Parliament,
On the transport side, it wants to double short lines, night trains and rail freight by 2030, reduce VAT on train travel and introduce a carbon footprint tax on air tickets, if "a comparable rail alternative exists".
Anne Hidalgo also advocates the development of electric transport through aid for acquisition and rental.
It also intends to set up a "climate bonus" to promote the energy renovation of buildings and allow "the complete renovation" of 760,000 private homes per year, i.e. 22 million homes by 2050. With regard to agriculture, it hopes to ban synthetic fertilizers, pesticides and neonicotinoids.
It also wishes to strengthen the protection of French forests by giving more resources to the National Forestry Office and the National Center for Forest Property and by setting up a training plan for jobs in the forest-wood sector.
Finally, she wants to involve the Gafam in the ecological transition and organize a world summit "Paris + 10" in 2025.
If we want to put an end to the predation of our planet which is the result of large private interests linked to fossil fuels and States which are subservient to them, we need international justice which condemns the crime of ecocide @Anne_Hidalgo #Hidalgo2022 #DesCandidatsEtDesJeunes https://t.co/9k8gKmFkKR
— Sebastien Vincini 🌹 (@SebVincini) February 22, 2022
Logically, the environment is the cornerstone of the program of the candidate ecologist.
To put in place a real environmental policy, Yannick Jadot first estimates that it is necessary to invest 10 billion euros per year for the renovation of buildings and public services.
Like Anne Hidalgo, he wants a "responsible exit" from nuclear power "by 2035".
He also advocates the abolition of public aid to companies still engaged in fossil fuels and the establishment of a climate wealth tax (ISF).
It also aims to lower VAT on ecological products and services.
Conversely, he wants to tax "upstream products made from virgin plastic".
Uncompromising on the question of transport, the
Unsurprisingly, its objective is to ban neonicotinoids and glyphosate, strengthen protected natural areas, develop wind turbines and photovoltaics.
Finally, he wants to ban hunting during weekends and school holidays "to allow walkers free access to nature".
The reduction in production taxes has favored large groups.
I propose a bonus / malus for climate taxation.
We cannot invest so many billions without forcing companies that have not planned to decarbonize their activities.
#LaREF pic.twitter.com/WX1MbLR9y3
— Yannick Jadot (@yjadot) February 21, 2022
In her program, the candidate of the National Rally offers few environmental proposals.
The first suggests prohibiting any new onshore and maritime wind project, and even the gradual dismantling of existing parks.
Prohibition that will allow it to redistribute the 25 billion euros planned for offshore wind turbines to subsidies for the replacement of oil-fired boilers.
It also intends to set up a “Green Housing” savings product to finance the renovation of a property.
Pro-nuclear, it also wants the start of construction of 5 pairs of EPR2 to revive the nuclear and hydroelectric sector while investing in hydrogen.
Regarding transport, Marine le Pen plans to make the train free at off-peak hours for 18-25 year olds.
Finally, on the question of animal welfare, she wants a "slaughterhouse plan" to ensure dignified conditions and prohibit slaughter without stunning (practised in particular for halal meat).
But the candidate defends the hunt.
A "necessity", according to her, which participates in "the maintenance of spaces" and "the regulation of animal populations" while guaranteeing at the same time "firm rules and sanctions" in the event of abuse.
As the crisis in #Ukraine demonstrates, France must give itself the means for energy independence.
This requires the strengthening of our nuclear fleet that I propose, with the construction of six EPRs and the reopening of #Fessenheim.
👉🏻 https://t.co/G74OTZDHjV pic.twitter.com/wArFcJPTGa
– Marine Le Pen (@MLP_officiel) February 28, 2022
The Insoumis candidate has an ambitious ecological program which plans in particular to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 65% in 2030, more than the 40% objective currently set.
To do this, the deputy proposes to launch a massive plan of 200 billion euros financed by the restoration of the ISF and taxes on polluting companies.
It is also necessary to organize, according to him, the exit from nuclear power by dismantling the power stations and maintaining the offshore wind turbine projects.
Anxious to develop public transport and cycling infrastructure, Jean-Luc Mélenchon also intends to reduce the use of the traditional car in favor of "low-emission vehicle fleets for low-income households"
and remove airlines when the train alternative is less than four hours away.
He is in favor of the establishment of customs duties on ecological and social criteria.
He also plans to make the Overseas Territories "pilot territories for ecological planning and short circuits" by ensuring their energy autonomy, based 100% on renewables.
The leader of LFI also wants to put an end to planned obsolescence and extend warranty periods.
100% renewable.
The leader of LFI also wants to put an end to planned obsolescence and extend warranty periods.
100% renewable.
The leader of LFI also wants to put an end to planned obsolescence and extend warranty periods.
Finally, he advocates the banning of the most dangerous pesticides and the reduction of others, the banning of hunting and recreational practices that are cruel to animals, as well as electric fishing.
Finally, he wants to promote international law on marine biodiversity and protect the seabed by launching a depollution plan.
My battle is against junk food.
The industrial production of food leads to horrors such as factory farms, which are sources of pandemics, or the widespread spreading of pesticides.
The diseases generated first affect the most modest. #DimPol pic.twitter.com/w02XxzWy7H
— Jean-Luc Melenchon (@JLMelenchon) February 20, 2022
To “punitive” ecology, candidate LR prefers a “positive” ecology.
Its main objective?
Achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. To do so, it intends to set up financial incentives so that by 2035, there will be no more new vehicles running on fossil fuels and to develop electric terminals.
In the field of public transport, it wishes to replace all vehicles running on diesel with electric vehicles, energy produced by nuclear energy.
Because the current president of the Ile-de-France region intends to extend the operation of existing plants and launch six new EPRs.
Other flagship measure, Valérie Pécresse intends to merge the Livret A and the Livret durable development (LDD) to create a Green Booklet intended to finance the ecological transition.
A merger that would raise nearly 469 billion euros to finance low-carbon projects.
In terms of energy, candidate LR wants to develop all renewable resources and storage capacities.
Finally, it aspires to more innovation, particularly in future technologies such as green hydrogen.
On wind power, it proposes that the inhabitants can oppose it and provides for zones of prohibition of establishment.
It also plans to sign an agreement with countries bordering the Mediterranean for the eradication of plastic discharges into the sea. It pleads for the creation of a "citizen ecological reserve"
made up of members of associations or people who have to carry out works of general interest (TIG) to clean up protected natural areas.
She defends a simplification of the laws aimed at preventing the cancellation of railway projects.
Finally, President, she will not ban all pesticides and will rely on the Ministry of Agriculture, which will advise on each product.
I am a results ecologist.
My goal is zero carbon by 2050: I have a method and a strategy to achieve it.
#Pécresse2022 ⤵️ pic.twitter.com/JnmaqsL6Wz
— Valérie Pécresse (@vpecresse) March 2, 2022
The communist candidate stands out from his opponents on the left by betting in particular on nuclear power to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Of course, he intends to invest in renewable energies (wind, solar and hydraulic) but also to build at least six EPRs.
The deputy from the North also wants a law to make the “energy renovation of housing by 2040” compulsory without any additional costs for the most modest, by devoting 10 billion euros to it per year.
Regarding transport, Fabien Roussel offers a conversion bonus of 10,000 euros for a "clean" car while relaunching rail freight and small lines.
To preserve heritage, the leader of the PCF wishes to prohibit the mining of the seabed and fight against tropical deforestation.
At the same time, he intends to prevent the development of factory farms and maintain the authorization of hunting, an essential practice "for the preservation of the environment."
We see today how important it is to guarantee our energy sovereignty.
We don't want to depend on the wind, or Russia, or American shale gas!
This is why it is urgent to invest in French nuclear power.#Roussel2022 pic.twitter.com/pejs9eJrU6
— Fabien Roussel (@Fabien_Roussel) February 24, 2022
Like Marine Le Pen, Éric Zemmour plans to put an end to wind projects in order to "preserve our landscapes".
And like her, he wants to develop nuclear power by building fourteen new reactors.
In a chapter of its program devoted to the preservation of heritage, the candidate of Reconquête!
intends to prohibit new supermarkets and commercial areas at the entrance to villages as well as harsher sanctions for the practice of illegal dumping.
Defender of a "positive policy of sustainable development", he wishes to favor short circuits for collective catering, launch a major soil depollution plan, establish a national forestry strategy more adapted to climate change, sanctuarize the practice of hunting or further develop an industrial sector in the recycling of plastics.
He also advocates robotization of agriculture "to limit pesticides and foreign labor".
To reduce greenhouse gases, he wants to invest in the insulation of residential and industrial buildings, develop electricity and hydrogen in transport, prioritize local train lines and finally introduce a carbon tax on borders.
I restore short circuits and I restore a nuclear industry with the creation of 14 reactors.
I stop wind turbines, which are a disaster for CO2 emissions.#RTLPresidentiellepic.twitter.com/Nege5CkxfW
— Eric Zemmour (@ZemmourEric) February 28, 2022
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