【Ask about the livelihood of the people】
This year's government work report proposes that there will be more than 10 million college graduates this year, and it is necessary to strengthen policy support for employment and entrepreneurship and continuous online services.
According to data previously released by the Ministry of Education, the number of college graduates in 2022 is expected to reach 10.76 million, a year-on-year increase of 1.67 million.
Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood, the foundation of stability, and the key to development.
This year, the number of college graduates exceeded 10 million for the first time. How to help them take the first step in employment and achieve more adequate and higher-quality employment has become a topic of concern for the delegates.
What insights do they have on this?
Come and listen.
1. The policy is favorable and the job search channels are more abundant
At present, what are the new characteristics of college graduates' employment?
Representative Zhou Hongyu, vice president of the China Society of Education, analyzed that at present, the employment of college graduates still maintains some original characteristics, such as the employment flow is still dominated by domestic employment, and new first-tier cities are still the first choice for employment.
"However, there have also been some new changes, such as a significant increase in the overall matching rate of jobs and majors, a slight decline in employment satisfaction, a more abundant way to successfully apply for a job, and a slight increase in the turnover rate considering that."
"The number of flexible employment has increased, and 'slow employment' and 'slow employment' will continue." Representative Zheng Yali, president of Zhejiang Finance Vocational College, pointed out that with the development of the times, employment channels have been expanded, which has led to changes in young people's employment concepts, and more and more Young people are turning their attention to the channel of flexible employment.
In addition, as the competition for employment intensifies, many students tend to increase their employment weight by improving their academic qualifications and school level. This year, the number of applicants for postgraduate examinations has increased by hundreds of thousands, and the proportion of graduate students nationwide has reached 20%.
"Although the national economy is showing a sustained and stable recovery, there are still many uncertain and unstable factors. Coupled with the pressure of the total number of graduates exceeding 10 million, the employment situation is still complicated and arduous." Representative Zhou Hongyu said.
The impact of the epidemic on employment is still ongoing.
Representative Zheng Yali noted that up to now, the production and operation of some industries and enterprises have not recovered to the level before the epidemic, some small and medium-sized enterprises are still insufficient in their ability to expand employment, and the structural contradiction in employment has not been fundamentally alleviated, and "employment is difficult". The phenomenon that coexists with "difficulty in recruiting people" still exists.
Zhang Fengbao, the full-time chairman of the Tianjin Municipal Committee of the Jiusan Society and the former vice president of Tianjin University, believes: "my country's industrial transformation and upgrading and technological progress are accelerating, and employers' requirements for workers' skills and quality are gradually changing from single skills to comprehensive skills. Change, graduates with diverse skills requirements and adaptable to diverse job responsibilities are more popular in the market.”
Behind the complex and ever-changing employment situation, there are also many opportunities.
In the view of Commissioner Zhang Fengbao, the state and various localities have issued a series of favorable policies for employers, which provide an important guarantee for promoting more adequate and higher-quality employment of college graduates.
Representative Li Xiaoxuan, executive president of Yunnan Technology and Business University, said: "The implementation of the national innovation and entrepreneurship policy has reached a new high, and the current graduate employment and entrepreneurship have many favorable policies. More importantly, my country's economy is resilient, and the fundamentals of long-term improvement will not Changes, new employment opportunities continue to emerge, new employment channels are also more and more large-scale and guaranteed, and the foundation for stable employment is very solid."
2. Move the border forward and improve the employment promotion mechanism
"Employment is the first step for graduates to enter the society, and a correct employment concept is very important." Representative Li Xiaoxuan believes that this requires not only students' psychological preparation and ability preparation for job hunting, but also the whole society to create a good employment environment.
"The former school is the main battlefield, while the latter requires the government, schools, industry enterprises and all sectors of society to collaborate and work together."
He suggested that schools should move the employment barrier forward, and put career planning education and employment counseling throughout the entire process of talent training.
"For example, courses such as "College Student Career Planning" and "Professional Employment Interpretation" are offered for freshmen to help students clarify their development goals from the moment they enroll. For sophomores and juniors, they focus on career planning, workplace orientation, professional prospects, etc. Set up systematic courses and provide systematic counseling. For fresh graduates, carry out high-quality practical training practices that match the improvement of professional skills, help students acquire necessary professional knowledge and practical skills, and achieve effective connection between practical training and continuous employment ."
"It is the school's responsibility to improve the employment education guidance and service mechanism." Representative Zheng Yali pointed out that the school should make full use of the "Internet + employment" model, and provide classified employment guidance based on lectures and consultation to accurately help graduates improve their employability; Practice allows students to have zero-distance contact with employers, accurately promotes the integration of production and education, and facilitates high-quality employment.
For example, the "Workplace Experience Tour" activity is organized to lead students into representative companies, to understand the company's working environment and demand focus, to experience workplace life, and to improve their adaptability and comprehensive literacy.
Implementing the "first-in-command" project and creating an employment team that is more suitable for the individual needs of graduates in the new era is the most important point for Commissioner Zhang Fengbao.
"The secretary of the party committee and the president of the university, as the first responsible person, must work hard on overall planning and coordination, and insist on building an employment work pattern in which various departments in the school are responsible for the division of labor, the colleges and departments cooperate and actively participate in alumni."
"From a macro perspective, government departments should vigorously expand market-oriented employment channels and extensively pool market-oriented social employment and entrepreneurship resources. Give full play to the role of policy-oriented jobs in absorbing, and expand the implementation of the 'special post plan', 'three branches and one support'' in the west Plan' and other national grassroots employment projects." Representative Zhou Hongyu said.
Representative Li Xiaoxuan pointed out that it is crucial to continue to improve the market-oriented and socialized employment promotion mechanism, that is, to establish a normal school, government, bank, and enterprise connection mechanism, build a higher-level employment platform, strengthen the construction of the network and campus recruitment market, and prepare for graduation. Provide more and better job opportunities for students, and promote the precise connection of employment resources.
"At the same time, the government should also provide more and better employment policy guarantees and financial guarantees, strengthen employment assistance for graduates from difficult groups, actively create an equal employment environment, strengthen the protection of employment rights and interests, and combat recruitment fraud and 'training loan' traps, etc. To escort graduates to find jobs and start businesses.”
(Jin Haotian, our reporter)