Through these data, interpret how the country's "money bag" is spent this year

　　The two sessions talk about China | Through these data, interpret how the country's "money bag" is spent this year

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 7th

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter

　　Open this year's budget report, between the increase and decrease of data, behind the policy changes, it is related to the "country" and "home", and responds to the expectations of the people.

Through these data, interpret how the country's "money bag" is spent this year.

Available financial resources to increase fiscal expenditure arrangements by over 26 trillion yuan

　　According to the report, the national general public budget expenditure this year is 26.71 trillion yuan, an increase of more than 2 trillion yuan over the previous year, an increase of 8.4%.

　　From breaking through 23 trillion yuan in 2019, to 24 trillion yuan in 2020, and to over 26 trillion yuan this year, the scale of national general public budget expenditures has continued to increase, and the "financial cake" that can be allocated is getting bigger and bigger.

　　"On the basis of the relatively high fiscal expenditure intensity in 2020 and 2021, it is not easy to further increase the expenditure intensity this year." Dai Yunlong, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance, said that on the one hand, the deficit rate was appropriately lowered to highlight sustainable development. On the other hand, by strengthening the overall planning and cross-year adjustment of financial resources, we will increase the available financial resources, stabilize expectations and promote growth.

The capital directly to the enterprise will be retained for tax rebates of about 1.5 trillion yuan

　　Among the various policy arrangements to help enterprises and rescue companies this year, "tax rebate" has attracted much attention.

The report clarifies that it is expected that the annual tax rebate will be about 2.5 trillion yuan, of which about 1.5 trillion yuan will be retained in tax rebates, and the funds will go directly to enterprises.

　　The existing tax credits for small and micro enterprises will be fully refunded at one time before the end of June; the problem of tax credits remaining in industries such as manufacturing, scientific research and technical services, ecological environmental protection, electricity and gas, transportation, software and information technology services will be fully resolved... The report proposes a number of specific initiatives.

　　The residual tax refund, simply put, is to refund the value-added tax that can only be refunded in the future to the enterprise in advance.

"This will directly improve the company's cash flow and further 'go light'," said Song Fengqiang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Henan Green Central Plains Modern Agriculture Group.

Stimulate the effective investment arrangement of 3.65 trillion yuan of special debt quota

　　How to stimulate effective investment, local government special bonds are one of the main tools.

　　According to the report, "in 2022, a new quota of local government special bonds of 3.65 trillion yuan has been arranged," and "an additional quota of special bonds of 1.46 trillion yuan has been issued in advance."

　　How will these bonds be used?

According to the report, the policy of making good use of special bonds as capital for major projects, optimizing the investment fields of special bonds, strictly supervising the use of funds, do not sprinkle "pepper noodles", and focus on supporting projects under construction and those that can be started as soon as possible.

　　"The pace of issuance of special bonds in various regions is significantly faster than last year." Liu Xingyun, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Shandong Provincial Department of Finance, said that the new special bonds issued to Shandong ahead of schedule were all issued at the end of February, providing support for stabilizing investment and expanding demand .

To help stabilize employment, the central government's employment subsidy funds exceed 60 billion yuan

　　The report shows that the central government's employment subsidy funds are arranged at 61.758 billion yuan.

This is an increase of 5.168 billion yuan over last year.

　　Continue to implement the unemployment insurance return policy for stabilizing jobs, significantly increase the return ratio of small, medium and micro enterprises; use the 100 billion yuan unemployment insurance fund to strengthen support for job stabilization and training... The report proposes a number of measures.

　　"The number of college graduates this year is expected to exceed 10 million for the first time, and the employment pressure is very high. The employment priority policy must be strengthened." Wang Yiming, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the China International Economic Exchange Center, said that small and medium-sized enterprises are the key to stabilizing employment. Small and medium-sized enterprises provide more support to help achieve the goal of stabilizing employment.

To promote rural revitalization, the central government's financial arrangements will only increase and not decrease

　　According to the report, this year, the central government will arrange 165 billion yuan of subsidy funds to promote rural revitalization, with an increase of 8.476 billion yuan.

　　How are these funds spent?

The report clarifies that we will support poverty alleviation areas to develop characteristic industries, make overall use of public welfare posts, and provide food for work, etc., to promote employment and continue to increase income of the poverty-stricken population.

　　"The central government's financial funds are strengthened to provide 'grain, grass and military supplies' for the development of the village." Tang Tingbo, Party Secretary of Shuiquan Village, Shuiquan Town, Karaqin Left-wing Mongolian Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, said that in recent years, the village has integrated various financial resources. More than 10 million yuan has been invested to support the development of the village's collective economy. This year, it will further promote the development of the agricultural and tourism integration industrial park to improve the quality and efficiency, and create an ecologically livable and beautiful village.

Supporting the construction of a high-quality education system, the education expenditure arrangement exceeds 4.1 trillion yuan

　　It will exceed 3.6 trillion yuan in 2020, 3.7 trillion yuan in 2021, and 4.1 trillion yuan in 2022. The report shows that the national general public budget education expenditure scale has increased year by year.

　　Arrange 23 billion yuan in funds to support the development of preschool education; increase funding for compulsory education; support the construction of "double first-class" colleges and universities... The report proposes a number of measures that will benefit students of different ages.

　　"Many measures in the report are very targeted and are crucial to building a high-quality education system." Qiu Yong, deputy to the National People's Congress and secretary of the Party Committee of Tsinghua University, suggested that the connection between various funding support policies should be further strengthened. Funds strengthen performance management, and give schools more autonomy on the premise of managing and using financial funds well.

Support "the old with support", the pension distribution is more secure

　　It is predicted that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the national elderly population will exceed 300 million.

How does the state's "money bag" guarantee "the old age and support"?

　　The report pointed out that the national overall planning of basic pension insurance for enterprise employees will be steadily implemented, and the minimum standard of basic pensions for retirees and basic pensions for urban and rural residents will be appropriately raised to ensure that they are paid in full and on time.

　　"After national planning, pension distribution in difficult areas will be more secure." Yu Guangyao, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co., Ltd., said that the central government's endowment insurance subsidies have maintained stability and continuity, making it easier for grassroots to implement policies. Powerful and promising.

Promote the sinking of financial resources, the central to local transfer payments increased by 18%

　　At present, local grassroots financial revenue and expenditure pressure is increasing, how to solve "where does the money come from"?

According to the report, the central general public budget allocated nearly 9.8 trillion yuan to local transfer payments, an increase of about 1.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 18%.

It is understood that this is the highest increase since 2012.

　　"This year, the transfer payments from the central government to local governments have been greatly increased, and the grassroots implementation of policies to help enterprises and benefit the people has more 'capital'." Xia Wenyong, deputy to the National People's Congress and secretary of the Fuzhou Municipal Party Committee in Jiangxi Province, said that more attention should be paid to planning good projects and improving the efficiency of fund use.

(Reporters Shen Cheng, Wang Yuxiao, Yu Jiaxin, Zhao Wenjun, Yan Fujing)