The second plenary meeting of the Fifth Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held at 9:00 am on March 7 in the Great Hall of the People, and members made speeches at the meeting.
Chen Mengshan, former party secretary of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences: The topic of my speech is: Accelerate the construction of a high-level national food security industry belt.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that ensuring the supply of primary products is a major strategic issue. The Chinese people's rice bowls must be firmly in their hands at all times, and the rice bowls are mainly filled with Chinese grains.
Yesterday, when participating in the joint group meeting of the agricultural, social welfare and social security circles of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the general secretary once again emphasized the issue of ensuring national food security and comprehensively and systematically discussed the major strategic guidelines, strategic paths and strategic measures to promote food development.
We are very excited.
In 2021, my country's grain production will have a bumper harvest for the 18th consecutive year, which is unique in the world, providing strong support for the stability of the overall economic and social situation, and winning the initiative to deal with various risks and challenges.
However, it should also be noted that my country's food production is still facing many difficulties, and food security is still difficult to pass.
Despite the bumper harvests year after year, my country's grain imports continued to increase last year. In some areas, production was greatly reduced due to disasters. Local governments and farmers lacked endogenous motivation to grow grain.
In order to enhance the production guarantee capacity of the primary product of grain, this year, the central government proposed to promote the construction of the national food security industry belt, to gather modern technology and advanced equipment to develop grain production, and to gather market resources to strengthen the grain industry. A food security foundation is necessary.
In my opinion, the country should take the lead in building a high-level national food security industry belt in the overall layout of the Northeast Plain, the Huanghuaihai Plain, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
The goals and tasks of the construction are to break through the two major bottlenecks of arable land and seeds, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive grain production capacity; promote the intensive processing and efficient breeding of grains, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive grain benefits; An efficient supply chain that can not only produce, but also adjust quickly and supply.
To this end, it is recommended to:
The first is to clarify the strategic position of industrial belt construction.
Taking the construction of a food security industry belt as an important part of regional development strategies such as the revitalization of the Northeast, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, a package of support policies shall be formulated, a food industry cluster shall be created, and an industrial competitive advantage shall be formed.
In the industrial belt area, food development should be taken as the main indicator, and more assessment weight should be given.
The second is to increase policy support for grain farmers.
Now farmers generally report that the price of grain is "not strong", and it is not cost-effective to grow grain.
To solve this problem, we cannot rely solely on raising the purchase price. We must establish a technology subsidy system and increase transfer subsidies in line with international rules.
At present, grain subsidies in the US account for 40% of farmers' income, 50% in the EU, 60% in South Korea and Japan, and only 21.3% in my country. We must strive to achieve a reasonable level.
The third is to increase policy support for large grain counties.
Last year, we investigated 13 major grain-producing counties, with grain output accounting for 3.78% of the country's total, and local public finance revenue less than 0.1% of the country's total.
To solve the financial constraints of large grain counties, it is necessary to increase the general transfer payment from the central government, increase the local share of major taxes, study the establishment of a compensatory transfer payment mechanism from the main sales area to the industrial belt, and set up special taxes for the industrial belt area. And other issues.
The fourth is to promote the development of the processing and breeding industry.
It is necessary to strengthen policy guidance and encourage on-site processing and transformation of grains.
In the industrial belt, the electricity consumption of grain processing enterprises can be priced according to agricultural electricity consumption, and the processing cost of each kilogram of grain can be reduced by 1 cent, which will increase the profit of enterprises by about 10%, and the guidance of industrial policy is very powerful.
It is necessary to encourage the large-scale development of breeding enterprises and promote the cycle of agriculture and animal husbandry through land use, loans, subsidies and other means.
Fifth, strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy facilities.
It is necessary to make up for the shortcomings of water conservancy facilities, increase the construction of controlled water conservancy projects in the Northeast, increase the construction of water-saving facilities and canal systems in North China, and speed up the renovation and upgrading of irrigation area facilities in the Yangtze River Basin.
It is necessary to improve standards, improve management and protection, and comprehensively cover to ensure that high-standard farmland continues to exert its benefits.
The sixth is to enhance the support and service capabilities of scientific and technological equipment.
We will carry out the improved seed project, and select and breed new varieties with high yield, high quality and resistance to stress. We will carry out fertile soil projects, improve soil, rationally rotate crops, and improve soil fertility. We will increase the integration and promotion of green and low-carbon technologies.
In order to cope with the general aging of grain farmers, free training and financial support should be adopted to continuously expand the scale of new business entities.
Implement the special post program for college students to attract scientific and technological talents to serve in grain cooperatives and agricultural technology extension agencies.
Set up national key research and development projects, continue to tackle key problems, and change the backward situation of domestic agricultural machinery research and development as soon as possible.
(Organized according to web text live broadcast)