How did you spend this winter vacation?
The answer to this question may be difficult for children to blurt out because they have so many wonderful "shows" arranged.
In the first winter vacation after the implementation of the "Double Reduction" policy, Guangming Daily opened the column "Children spend this winter vacation like this". The reporters walked into the youth to feel, listen, and record: being a young volunteer at the Winter Olympics, visiting museums, doing Little docents of red history, researching small inventions and making small works by themselves, reading, painting, exercising, growing flowers and grass... Reading through reports, in these colorful winter vacation lives, we not only feel the children's Happy and joyful, more aware of the energy of "self-learning", and seeing the wider world of nature and society——
This is the best "open way" for vacation education
Let go, but more efficient!
At the end of the first winter vacation after the "double reduction", we would like to ask, what inspiration does this holiday life bring us?
Holidays are not a stop sign, nor are they a "semester version" of "learning ahead of time". Winter and summer vacations, small long vacations, and more than three months account for a quarter of the entire school year. How to fully reflect the educational significance of vacations and support children A bridge for comprehensive growth?
The reporter interviewed Zhang Zhiyong, director of the Family Education Professional Committee of the Basic Education Teaching Steering Committee of the Ministry of Education and executive director of the China Education Policy Research Institute of Beijing Normal University.
1. Study during the holidays, but study in a different way
Reporter: During this winter vacation, the column "Children Have Been Like This Year's Winter Vacation" written by this newspaper received a good response, and it also showed us that there are so many "opening methods" for vacation education.
From this, we thought, did the vacation after the "double reduction" open a new model of vacation education?
Compared with the previous holiday, when most students and parents chose to sign up for classes and make up classes, what does this change mean?
Zhang Zhiyong: For a long time, whether it is school education or off-campus education, the focus of our country is still revolving around examination and education.
Not only that, out-of-school education seems to be ahead of school education, and the consequences of advanced learning and over-standard learning are extremely serious: First, it disrupts school education.
If you insist on implementing "zero-starting teaching" according to the curriculum standards, some people will say that school education does not teach students according to their aptitude; but if teaching is carried out according to the educational starting point obtained by students in off-campus education, children who have not participated in off-campus learning will not be able to keep up.
The result is that all children are forced to go out of school for training.
The second is to affect children's enthusiasm for learning. After children have studied outside school, their curiosity and freshness in learning are gone.
Third, repeated education directly increases the financial burden of parents.
The prohibition of off-campus training institutions to provide subject training during the holidays does not mean that children do not study during the holidays, nor does it mean that children are not allowed to carry out subject learning during the holidays.
In the final analysis, the holiday is to let students learn in a different way. Do not copy the school subject learning method that focuses on subject knowledge and homework to the holiday study, because the holiday does not have the scene, teachers and resources of school subject education. .
The biggest advantage of vacation education is social practice education, or, in other words, university subject learning, interdisciplinary learning, and project learning supported by social practice resources.
Social education opens up students' cognitive time, space and action field, and opens up a vast world that students need for growth.
In the museum, children can "cultivate themselves in the history of the Ming Dynasty and accumulate good deeds"; in the memorial hall, children can "follow their studies to the saints and pass on books to all directions"; in the planetarium, children can "gazing at the stars and creating ideas for the future"; In the planning hall, children can "look around the world and see the world".
2. The relationship between semester and vacation is "learning" and "realization"
Reporter: The "double reduction" policy is also profoundly adjusting the relationship between home and school.
How should family education be carried out scientifically to promote closer home-school cooperation and help children grow together?
Zhang Zhiyong: Life is the source of children's wisdom, and family education is carried out in life.
The process of children perceiving the external world and constructing meaning through life is the process of accumulating life experience and the process of understanding the truth.
Family life education provides experiential support for children's academic learning.
In the eyes of many parents, as long as their children don't read textbooks or do homework when they return home, they are just playing and not studying.
In fact, the fundamental task of family education is to lay the empirical foundation of subject concepts and subject knowledge for children to receive school education through life education.
Children receive a large number of subject concepts and knowledge in school education, and their understanding, penetration and internalization often need life experience as the basis.
Reporter: We have also seen that during the holidays, some parents are still anxious, and the phenomenon of supplementary courses in some subjects still exists secretly. What is the key point to relieve parents' anxiety in education?
Zhang Zhiyong: Alleviating parents' educational anxiety is one of the important purposes of the country's implementation of the "double reduction" reform.
It should be said that since the implementation of the "double reduction" reform for more than half a year, the educational anxiety of the majority of parents has eased.
Of course, after the "double reduction", many parents have some new anxiety. They are less anxious about homework, less anxious about tests and exams, and they are worried that their children will not be able to attend cram schools after other people's children spend high prices on "one-on-one". What to do with private education, anxious children "not enough to eat" in learning, and so on.
After the "double reduction", families and schools must build a consensus on educational concepts.
The entrance exam is important, but the healthy growth of the child is more important. We cannot let the child fall on the way to the entrance exam.
Resolutely adhere to the three bottom lines of students' physical health, mental health, and integrity of personality. If there is a problem with students' physical health, mental health, and integrity of personality, all the students' learning outcomes will be equal to zero.
After the "double reduction", it is necessary to strengthen the communication between the home and the school on the students' learning status.
How to restore confidence to these anxious parents?
School teachers should conduct personalized analysis on children, understand each student's learning time and learning style, find their own learning shortcomings, and discuss with parents to solve problems together.
Once the real problem is found, parents will no longer have to "go to the doctor".
After the "double reduction", families and schools should strengthen the diagnosis and communication of students' academic performance.
Now, the school does not conduct examination rankings, and the examination results are not public, and parents have no idea in their hearts.
From a legal point of view, the score is a student's personal private matter and does not involve public interests. To protect a child's score is to protect the child's privacy and the child's personality right.
The stronger the fractional thinking, the more parents will see the shortcomings of their children, the gap between their children and other children, and show lack of confidence in the future education prospects of their children.
After the "double reduction", the ranking will no longer be ranked. After each important test, subject teachers should attach importance to and strengthen the dialogue with parents and students. Through dialogue and communication, parents can have a clear understanding of their children's learning status, so that each test evaluation can become a child's Ladder of growth and progress.
Here, it is more important to discover the child's problems and see the hope of the child's growth than to focus on the score ranking.
After the "double reduction", home and school should strengthen communication on how to make good use of after-school service time.
After the "Double Reduction", the school has extensively carried out "5+2" after-school services. From Monday to Friday, schools generally provide about two hours of after-school services.
After-school services include guiding students to complete homework, subject tutoring for students with academic difficulties, subject expansion learning for outstanding children, and interest and specialty education.
Parents should actively communicate with the school, make full use of after-school service time, and try their best to meet the needs of children's personalized and differentiated learning in after-school service time and space.
3. The holiday education that walks into life makes students look forward to and fascinated
Reporter: Winter and summer vacations, holidays, and long vacations take up almost a quarter of a student’s academic year. How should this quarter be taken into consideration in the overall education in the future?
How has the situation of "no interference" between vacations and semesters changed?
Zhang Zhiyong: Holidays are not a "blank period" for school education.
Winter and summer vacations, holidays, small and long vacations, etc. do not make up lessons, but returning vacations and time to children does not mean that there is no school education during the holidays, and it does not mean that school education and vacation education are disconnected.
Education departments and the majority of primary and secondary education have attached great importance to vacation education, especially in winter and summer vacations. Education administrative departments at all levels will issue notices on students' vacation study and living arrangements. Primary and secondary schools will follow the requirements of the education department and the school's actual vacation for students. Make specific arrangements for life and study life and practical activities, and teachers of each subject will make specific plans for students' vacation homework, subject preview and other educational activities.
The Soviet educator Suhomlinsky said: "In people's hearts, there is a deep-rooted need, which is to hope that oneself is a discoverer, researcher, explorer. In the spiritual world of young people, This kind of demand is particularly strong." Heaven and Earth Classroom, a good teacher of all things.
Vacation education is a great time for students to practice and explore.
To allow students to increase their knowledge and knowledge, and adhere to the unity of knowledge and action, the school's subject education will inevitably extend to social practice education during off-campus holidays.
During the survey, we learned that many schools have similar arrangements. For example, Jinan Zhangqiu No. 4 Middle School has developed 46 high school geography practical learning projects based on the national curriculum standards and the important and difficult content in high school geography learning. Learning projects are mostly carried out during the holidays.
They went to Guyue Mountain for a comprehensive inspection, went to Baiyun Lake to conduct a wetland water quality survey, conducted interviews on the implementation of the "plastic restriction order" in life, and went to the farm to experience life. They measure the distance between buildings and the altitude of the sun...
Entering into the education of life, let students look forward to and fascinate students.
(Reporter Yao Xiaodan of this newspaper)