◎Reporter Liu Yincao Xiuying
"Tianwen No. 1" started its journey to Mars, "Shenzhou No. 13" successfully docked with the core module of "Tianhe", "Haidou No. 1" successfully achieved a 10,000-meter dive and completed scientific research applications, and "Zuchongzhi No. 2" Achieve quantum superiority with "Nine Chapter Two"...
The emergence of a number of original and major achievements has revealed the transcripts handed over by scientific and technological innovation in the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan".
"In the past year, the whole society's R&D investment has reached 2.79 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.2% year-on-year, and the R&D investment intensity has reached 2.44%. The comprehensive ranking of national innovation capabilities has risen to 12th in the world, and successfully achieved a good start to the "14th Five-Year Plan". "On February 25, the State Council Information Office held a press conference on the progress of scientific and technological innovation, Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology, said when summarizing the scientific and technological work in 2021.
How to speed up the construction of strategic scientific and technological forces, how to continuously improve people's livelihood and well-being, and how to "two-wheel drive" for technological innovation and institutional and mechanism innovation?
Around the key words of scientific and technological innovation, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Science and Technology answered one by one.
Adhere to the "four aspects", strengthen R&D deployment, and enhance the endogenous power of economic and social development
2021 is a year of great significance in the history of the party and the country, as well as the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan".
Wang Zhigang said that the national scientific and technological circles adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, resolutely implement the major strategic plans of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and give full play to the role of science and technology in promoting high-quality development, building a new development pattern, and practicing new development concepts. It plays an important and key role in supporting major national strategic tasks such as the Beijing Winter Olympics and epidemic prevention and control, and has achieved new results in innovation-driven development.
"We adhere to the 'four aspects' to strengthen R&D deployment, strengthen the full-chain deployment of innovative activities such as basic research, technological innovation, achievement transformation and industrialization, and enhance the endogenous driving force for economic and social development." Wang Zhigang said.
Facing the frontiers of world science and technology, supporting the exploration of basic science and cutting-edge technologies, and emerging a number of original and major achievements; facing the main economic battlefield, deploying the innovation chain around the industrial chain, laying out the industrial chain around the innovation chain, and continuously developing new kinetic energy; facing major national needs , adhere to the goal orientation, strengthen the overall design of research and development tasks, take science and technology as the logical starting point and core element, and provide key solutions around major national needs; face the life and health of the people, adhere to the people and life first, and take enhancing the health and well-being of the people as the An important guide for scientific and technological research and development.
In the past year, the energy released by technology to improve people's well-being is obvious to all.
"The Ministry of Science and Technology regards supporting the realization of people's high-quality life as an important starting point for scientific and technological work, and vigorously strengthens technology research and development and the transformation and application of achievements, and has achieved some results." Zhu Xuehua, director of the Department of Social Development and Science and Technology of the Ministry of Science and Technology, said that it is mainly reflected in epidemic prevention and control. , protect people's life and health and green and low-carbon aspects.
25 vaccines have entered clinical trials in my country, of which 7 have been approved for use; 68 nucleic acid detection reagent products have been launched, and the fastest test results are available in about half an hour; the first neutralizing antibody new crown drug combination therapy was approved with conditions Listed, a number of small molecule drugs entered the phase III clinical trial stage.
Since the implementation of the new drug creation major project, the number of first-class new drugs in my country has increased from 5 to 75; the Ministry of Science and Technology has launched more than 20 carbon-neutral science and technology key projects such as hydrogen energy and new energy vehicles to support green and low-carbon development with science and technology.
Improve Systematic Capability and Speed up the Construction of Strategic Scientific and Technological Forces
How to strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength has become the focus of this conference.
"We are accelerating the construction of strategic scientific and technological forces around improving systematic capabilities, including the construction of national laboratories, national key laboratories, high-level research universities and research institutes, and the development of high-tech enterprises." Wang Zhigang pointed out.
When talking about strengthening the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, Wang Zhigang said frankly that enterprises should participate in major top-level design and major decision-making of science and technology, and should also be the main force and new force in basic research.
At the same time, in terms of project formation, project investment, project organization, and project evaluation, it is necessary to further strengthen the participation and voice of enterprises.
In addition, it is necessary to guide enterprises to increase investment in research and development, and give play to the leading and supporting role of large enterprises.
Data from the Ministry of Science and Technology shows that 76% of the R&D investment in the whole society in my country is invested by enterprises.
In 2021, more than 860 national key R&D projects will be established, of which more than 680 projects will be led or participated by enterprises, accounting for as high as 79%.
"The next step is to give full play to the role of enterprises as question-makers, answerers and examiners, to promote more tasks to be put forward by enterprises, and enterprises to be the main body of research and development." Wang Zhigang emphasized, "Innovation does not depend on one's background, no matter whether it is a state-owned enterprise. It is still a private enterprise, and everyone treats innovation equally, and has the same fair opportunities, fair rules, and fair rights.”
About 13% of the country's GDP is created with 0.1% of the country's land area; about 1/3 of the country's high-tech enterprises are gathered, and corporate R&D expenditures account for half of the country's R&D expenditures; per 10,000 employees, the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel is about 12 times the national average...
Over the past 30 years, the pace of development of national high-tech zones has become more stable and confident, and it has also shown strong anti-risk capabilities and growth momentum against the trend.
In 2021, 169 state-level high-tech zones across the country are expected to generate annual operating income of over 48 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of about 12%.
"(National High-tech Zone) has become our innovation-driven development demonstration area and a pioneer area for high-quality development." Shao Xinyu, deputy minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology, revealed that in the next step, the Ministry of Science and Technology will continue to adhere to the "four aspects" and do it well." These two articles, "high" and "new", better play the role of high-tech zones in cultivating high-tech industries and promoting high-quality development.
Technological innovation and system and mechanism innovation "two-wheel drive" reform made multiple breakthroughs in key areas
Promote the full implementation of the 143 key tasks of the "Implementation Plan for Deepening the Reform of the Science and Technology System", achieve multiple breakthroughs in the reform of key areas and key links, and formally implement the newly revised Science and Technology Progress Law; Scientist responsibility system, encourages and supports the chief scientist team to brave the scientific "no man's land"...
He Defang, Deputy Secretary-General of the Ministry of Science and Technology, said in response to a question about the new progress of the reform of the scientific and technological system, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has attached great importance to the reform of the scientific and technological system.
The reform of the scientific and technological system has always focused on the goal of building an innovative country and a world power in science and technology, adhered to the "two-wheel drive" of scientific and technological innovation and institutional and mechanism innovation, and insisted on stimulating the vitality of scientific and technological innovation by deepening reform.
In 2021, my country's basic research investment has reached 169.6 billion yuan, accounting for 6.09% of the entire society's R&D investment.
Respecting the law of talent growth, in 2021, the national key research and development plan will support more than 300 young scientist projects; carry out pilot projects for scientific and technological achievements evaluation reform in more than 50 places and units.
Behind the numbers, it reflects the powerful kinetic energy released by the reform of the scientific and technological system.
For example, my country has continued to improve the organization and implementation mechanism of major scientific and technological tasks, established a policy system that runs through the entire chain of scientific research activities, formed inclusive innovation policies covering the entire life cycle of enterprises, improved the full-career incentive system for scientific researchers, and optimized the academic environment for scientific research. Wait.
"In the next step, we will take the implementation of the three-year plan for scientific and technological system reform as the main line, focus on the most urgent pain points and difficulties that restrict the self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology, and pay close attention to the implementation of the reform." He Defang said that we will focus on optimizing the organizational mechanism of scientific research, focusing on Strengthen the main role of enterprises in innovation, focus on improving the precision support policy for scientific and technological talents, focus on strengthening the construction of work style and study style, and continue to carry out in-depth international open cooperation to ensure that scientific and technological work achieves greater breakthroughs and policies are effective.