Text/Guangzhou Daily All Media Reporter Liang Chaoyi Correspondents Tai Mengyun and Wei Chunfu

　　With the improvement of living conditions, there are many kinds of toys for children on the market.

Among these rich toys, children often come into contact with delicate toy parts or puzzles, and various eye-catching items with light sources. Do these toys have any adverse effects on vision?

What behaviors of children need to be vigilant and concerned by parents?

Experts from Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University gave answers and guidance to related topics.

　　Toys that are too delicate will cause myopia?

not necessarily!

　　Recently, Ms. Chen, the parent, has troubles: during the Spring Festival, her younger brother came to pay New Year's greetings and brought gifts, DIY models and puzzles to the two children.

There are many fine parts in these two gifts, and the colors are bright. The children like it very much. They play for an afternoon, but after seeing it, the family thinks that this type of toys causes children to use their eyes at close range for a long time. .

　　Puzzles and building blocks often have many fine parts, which can exercise children's thinking, but will it affect vision?

In this regard, Dr. Hu Yin, Department of Refractive and Low Vision, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, said that this kind of fine close-up eye use can be said to be a double-edged sword.

On the one hand, it can help with vision development.

Clinically, doctors often recommend children with amblyopia to do this kind of fine work to improve their vision; on the other hand, using the eyes at close range for a long time will accelerate the occurrence and development of myopia.

For children who are about to be nearsighted or have been shortsighted, this eye habit is not friendly.

　　Therefore, "whether it is harmful to play with delicate toys for a long time and at close range" varies from person to person.

For children with high farsightedness or even amblyopia, it is not a big problem to play these fine toys; for children who are at risk of myopia or have myopia, the way of playing fine toys should be paid attention to, and pay attention to keeping enough eye distance and intermittent rest. , such as every 20 to 30 minutes of playing, go to the outdoors to rest and relax.

　　Laser light source toys to avoid

　　In addition to toys with refined components, what other toys have potential adverse effects on children's eye health?

Professor Yang Jing from the Department of Refraction at Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center of Sun Yat-sen University said that if the colorful toys are within the range of normal light sources, there is no need to worry too much, pay attention to the frequency of use, and avoid long-term flickering and causing eye discomfort.

It is necessary to be vigilant that it is necessary to avoid contact with items such as laser light sources, such as laser pointers, etc. The laser irradiation to the eyes of infants and young children can easily damage the retina, which can cause retinal perforation in serious cases.

　　In addition, the use of infant toys should pay attention to prevent the occurrence of eye trauma.

The material of toys for low-month-old babies is preferably soft. For example, building blocks can be made of cloth.

Plastic toys can have smooth, burr-free edges.

"A sharp object scratches the eyes and causes bleeding and redness. Parents are relatively easy to detect this situation, but some injuries may not be manifested as skin bleeding and damage. If the baby's eyes are squinted, unable to open their eyes, and often cry, parents should pay attention to whether There have been sharp objects that have scratched the baby's eyes. Usually, sharp objects at home should be stored well."

　　Watch out for vision problems with the following symptoms

　　For school-age children, if the child often tilts his head to look at things and squints at the blackboard, he should be alert to pseudo-myopia caused by myopia or excessive eye fatigue. You can go to the hospital for a medical diagnosis of mydriasis.

　　It is worth noting that the changes in vision in infants and young children are not manifested by common symptoms such as tilting their heads and squinting. "Infants and young children themselves are in a state of farsightedness, but infants cannot actively reflect their vision conditions. Others check their vision for infants. It is very difficult, so the baby's vision is often ignored, and you can carefully observe whether the baby's vision is normal from some eye-related actions." Yang Jing introduced that on the one hand, a small flashlight can be shaken in front of the baby's eyes, if the baby's eyes cannot follow the flashlight. On the other hand, you can observe whether the baby can pick up the object smoothly. If the object is handed to the baby, the child often can't pick it up or can't pick it up accurately. It may be that his vision problem is in a state of weak vision.

　　Experts remind that infants and young children are a critical period for visual development. If you find that your vision is not good, you should be checked as soon as possible and treated as soon as possible to prevent amblyopia.

　　Hot Q&A

　　What does "visible light transmittance", the most common unqualified item in eyeglass product spot checks, mean?

Is the lens not transparent enough?

　　Answer: The visible light transmittance of the lens refers to the transmittance of the lens to visible light.

Simply put, it is the ratio of the amount of visible light passing through the lens to the amount of visible light projected on the surface of the lens.

Light needs to enter the human eye through the lens to form vision.

So in general, the higher the visible light transmittance of eyewear products, the better.

　　The factors affecting the visible light transmittance of the lens mainly include the reflection of the lens surface, the scattering of the opaque material inside the lens and the absorption of the lens material.

Therefore, the "inadequate transparency" of the lens can be the cause of the unqualified visible light transmittance of the lens, but it may not be the main reason.

Because the most important influence on the visible light transmittance is the reflection of the surface of the lens, and the main influencing factors of the latter include the refractive index of the lens and the coating technology and process of the surface of the lens.

　　I heard the child's teacher say that it is necessary to let the child "eyes" in the sun to avoid myopia, but will the sun also hurt the eyes?

　　Answer: The statement that "eye" bathing in the sun to prevent myopia is correct.

We are now advocating to increase outdoor activities to prevent myopia. One of the most important points is that there is sufficient sunlight outdoors.

Both animal experiments and clinical studies have confirmed that adequate light can effectively prevent myopia.

Of course, this parent friend is also justified in worrying about the sun's damage to his eyes.

However, this condition is mainly seen in retinal macular damage caused by looking directly at the sun.

Regular activities in the sun and avoiding looking directly at the sun are not only safe but also an important means of preventing myopia.