China News Service, February 23. On the 23rd, the Ministry of Education held a press conference to introduce the work related to promoting the high-quality development of modern vocational education.
Chen Ziji, director of the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education, said at the meeting that it is necessary to select and build about 10 high-level vocational undergraduate education demonstration schools in the form of "small incisions" and "big support" in the way of ministry-province joint construction. Boost your confidence, change your image, and find your way out.
On the 23rd, the Ministry of Education held a press conference to introduce the work related to promoting the high-quality development of modern vocational education.
Photo by Zhang Yilin
Chen Ziji said that 2022 is a crucial year for vocational education to improve the quality and improve the quality and overcome difficulties. It is necessary to break through the "five key points".
The first breakthrough is to promote steady progress in vocational undergraduate education.
The development of vocational undergraduate education is the inevitable result of the combined effect of external and internal needs of education. It not only meets the needs of economic and social development for high-level technical and skilled talents, but also responds to the needs of the general public for high-quality employment and education. Education and higher education trends.
This year, the Ministry of Education will focus on three things.
The first is to strengthen the top-level design.
Formulate guiding opinions, clarify the school-running orientation, development path, training objectives, training methods, and school-running system of vocational undergraduate education, and guide schools to work hard on the connotation and improve the quality of school-running.
The second is the scientific setting.
Improve the setting standards and professional setting methods of vocational undergraduate schools, support qualified national "Double High Plan" construction units to independently upgrade to vocational undergraduate schools, and support college-level higher vocational schools that meet the deep integration of production and education, distinctive school running characteristics, and high training quality. The school has upgraded some junior college majors and piloted vocational undergraduate education.
The third is to create a model benchmark.
With "small incisions" and "big support" in the way of joint construction between ministries and provinces, about 10 high-level vocational undergraduate education demonstration schools will be selected and built to create benchmarks, boost confidence, change their image, and find a way out.
At present, the proportion of college graduates in the country has reached 20%. In the next step, the Ministry of Education will strive to allow more vocational school graduates to receive high-quality vocational undergraduate education.
The second breakthrough is to promote the diversified development of secondary vocational education.
The whole chain of education service industry chain is inseparable from secondary vocational education; the construction of modern vocational education system also requires secondary vocational education to play a better basic role.
There is no country where higher vocational education can be developed without secondary vocational education.
At present, the main problems of secondary vocational education are that the orientation of running a school is not suitable, the scale of running a school is large but not strong, and there is a large gap in running conditions.
In response to these problems, the Ministry of Education focuses on four things.
One is to adjust the positioning.
Secondary vocational education is the starting point rather than the end point of vocational education. To promote the diversified development of secondary vocational schools, from the original "employment-oriented" to "employment and further education", we should focus on further education that meets the characteristics of vocational education. On the basis of ensuring the quality of students' technical skills training, strengthening basic cultural education, expanding the scale of training, and opening up the growth space of secondary vocational students, so that secondary vocational students have the ability to find employment, have advantages in further education, and have channels for development. This is both the party and the government. The requirement is also the urgent desire of the people, and it is also the realistic need of the industrial development for the higher level of talents.
The second is to optimize the layout.
Through measures such as revocation, merger, transformation, trusteeship, land replacement, and group-running schools, we will integrate "empty, small, scattered and weak" schools to optimize the layout and structure of secondary vocational education.
The third is to implement the standards.
In conjunction with relevant departments, we will implement the "Secondary Vocational School School-running Conditions Compliance Project", comprehensively check the basic school-running conditions of secondary vocational schools, and realize that the school's teaching conditions are basically up to standard in 2023.
The fourth is to cultivate demonstrations.
The Ministry of Education will work with relevant departments to implement the "Quality Secondary Vocational School and Professional Construction Plan", focusing on building a number of high-quality secondary vocational schools and branded majors with demonstration and leading roles, and demonstration drives the overall improvement of the quality of secondary vocational education.
Through the above work, the Ministry of Education hopes to build about 1,000 national-level high-quality secondary vocational schools in 3 to 5 years, demonstrate the standardized management and quality of the entire secondary vocational education, and guide parents and students to rationally choose secondary vocational education.
The third breakthrough is to make the “Vocational Education College Entrance Examination” the main channel for higher vocational admissions.
Enrollment by examination is the "bull nose" that affects the reform of vocational education, and it is the key to optimizing the type positioning and smoothing the passage of students' further education.
In 2013, the Ministry of Education issued the "Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting the Reform of Higher Vocational Education Exam Enrollment System". Shandong, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Fujian, Anhui and other places have carried out pilot projects for the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination", and have achieved good results. Good results and experience.
This year, on the basis of summarizing local practical experience, the Ministry of Education has improved the top-level design of the “Vocational Education College Entrance Examination” to better play the role of the “baton”, focusing on three things: First, strengthen the examination system and standards to ensure The examination is rigorous and orderly, safe and standardized, fair and just.
The second is to optimize the structure ratio and organizational method of "cultural quality + vocational skills", and provide students with a variety of admission methods and learning methods for higher vocational education.
The third is to expand the proportion of students recruited by vocational undergraduates and vocational colleges through the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination", so that the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" will become the main channel for enrollment in higher vocational education, especially for vocational undergraduate schools.
Promote the establishment of a "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" system with provincial overall planning, comprehensive evaluation, and multiple admissions, improve the problem of "thousands of troops crossing a single-plank bridge" in passing the ordinary college entrance examination, effectively alleviate the pressure of middle school entrance examination diversion and "education anxiety", and integrate high school and high school. The chemical culture model is basically formed.
The fourth breakthrough is to promote the digital upgrade of vocational education.
The digitalization of education is both the general trend and the top priority, which has brought historical opportunities for vocational education to change track and overtake.
The Ministry of Education will, on the basis of the previous work, in the overall layout of the Ministry of Education, in accordance with the working principle of "demand traction, application is king, maturity first, technical support", with platform upgrading and resource development as the content, with conditions hardening and application. The goal of optimization and quality enhancement is to promote the overall jump in the digital transformation of vocational education.
Mainly do two things: First, build a digital "1+5" system for vocational education.
"1" is the intelligent brain of vocational education, and "5" is five centers, namely decision support center, professional teaching resource center, high-quality online open course center, virtual simulation practice training center, and teacher ability improvement center.
Drive the reform of teaching mode and governance method as a whole with digital transformation.
The second is to continue to develop high-quality digital teaching resources, build national, provincial and school-level resource libraries to complement each other, use a wide range of application systems, continue to select a number of online open courses, promote the construction of digital and media-integrated teaching materials, and accelerate virtual simulation training. Base construction, start the pilot construction of vocational school informatization benchmark schools, continuously consolidate the foundation of vocational education informatization, and serve high-quality development.
The fifth breakthrough is to create a closed loop of vocational education connotation construction.
Connotation construction is the fundamental requirement and inevitable path for vocational education to achieve high-quality development. This year, we will focus on four things: first, strengthen standard construction, and release the professional introduction, teaching standards, public basic course standards, practical training supporting the new version of the "Professional Catalog" Teaching conditions construction standards and job practice standards guide schools to innovate the education mechanism of combining morality and skills, and implement the fundamental task of morality and talent cultivation.
The second is to optimize the professional layout, guide all localities to formulate plans for the optimization and adjustment of the professional layout and structure of vocational colleges in the region during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, expand key areas such as manufacturing, and expand the professional settings and talent training scales for people's livelihood such as housekeeping, pension, and childcare.
The third is to improve the quality assurance system, guide and support schools to comprehensively establish a normalized teaching work diagnosis and improvement system, improve the government supervision and evaluation system, highlight the characteristics of vocational education in evaluation indicators, and strengthen the social contribution of vocational education in evaluation conclusions.
The fourth is to thoroughly implement the "Regulations on the Management of Student Internships in Vocational Schools", guide all localities to formulate specific implementation plans, carry out special management of internships, improve the level of informatization of internship management, and deal with violations seriously.