Zhongxin Finance, February 22 (Reporter Chen Su) On the evening of the 22nd, the 2022 Central No. 1 document "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Doing a Good Job in Comprehensively Promoting the Key Work of Rural Revitalization in 2022" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") was officially released. .

  Compared with previous years, this year's Central Document No. 1 has more "inking" in the field of food security, and proposes several measures to stabilize the "granary of a big country" and secure the jobs of 1.4 billion people.

  Why overweight food security?

  People rely on food as their priority, and “Sannong” has always been regarded by Chinese officials as the cornerstone of the economy and society. Since 2004, China has issued the Central No. 1 document with the theme of “Sannong” for 19 consecutive years to guide the year and even more. China's "three rural" work for a long period of time.

  In this year's No. 1 Central Document, a total of 35 measures were put forward to guide the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and promote rural revitalization throughout the year. Among them, there are about 10 measures related to food security, and they are at the forefront of all measures.

  "China has started a new stage of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. This year's No. 1 Central Document is in the same vein as last year's No. 1 Central Document. Last year, the overall strategy for rural revitalization was mainly proposed. This year's No. 1 Central Document proposes a more detailed The measures to guide rural revitalization 'how to do it', and in all the work to promote rural revitalization, food security comes first." Jiang Wenlai, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Agricultural Zoning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is a direct train to China News Agency. reporter said.

  Food security has always been the top priority of China's "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" work. Experts said that in addition to the consistently important status of food security, this year's Central No. 1 document mentioned "food security" at the beginning of this year's special period and background.

  Jiang Wenlai said that under the background of the global spread of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, some countries have imposed certain restrictions on grain exports, the international grain pattern has changed, and the world is complex and changeable. Safe "ballast stone" action.

  Ye Xingqing, director and researcher of the Rural Economy Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council of China, said that at present, China is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. We must be alert to changes in the international market, especially the fluctuation risks of overseas supply chains, and actively respond to international Market fluctuations, promote the diversification of import sources.

In addition, China is a country with a population of 1.4 billion, and the demand for food will continue to grow, and the string of food security must always be tightened.

  The "Opinions" pointed out that at present, the global new crown pneumonia epidemic is still spreading, the world economic recovery is fragile, the challenges of climate change are prominent, and the tasks of China's economic and social development are extremely arduous and arduous.

To promote stable and healthy economic and social development, we must focus on the country's major strategic needs, stabilize the basics of agriculture, and do a good job in "agriculture, rural areas and farmers".

Firmly uphold the two bottom lines of ensuring national food security and preventing large-scale return to poverty.

  A number of measures to "protect the granary"

  Regarding how to secure the jobs of 1.4 billion people, the "Opinions" put forward a number of detailed measures, which cover the content of ensuring production, improving farmers' enthusiasm, protecting cultivated land, and improving productivity.

  In terms of maintaining area and output, the "Opinions" proposed that the sown area and output of grain should be stabilized throughout the year.

Adhere to the Chinese people's rice bowls should be firmly in their own hands at all times, the rice bowls are mainly filled with Chinese grains, and the food safety responsibility system is strictly assessed to ensure that the sown area of ​​grains is stable and the output remains above 1.3 trillion kilograms.

  In terms of improving farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain, the "Opinions" proposed that farmers should reasonably ensure the income of farmers' grain planting, improve the guarantee mechanism for farmers' grain planting income, appropriately increase the minimum purchase price of rice and wheat in 2022, and stabilize the subsidies for corn and soybean producers and rice subsidies. policy.

Support family farms, farmers' cooperatives, and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization to diversify grains and grow good grains.

Focus on key weak links and small farmers, accelerate the development of agricultural social services, support agricultural service companies, farmers' cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, grass-roots supply and marketing cooperatives and other entities to vigorously develop single-link, multi-link, full-process production custody services, and carry out orders Agriculture, processing logistics, product marketing, etc., to improve the comprehensive benefits of growing grains.

  In terms of "grain storage in the land" and "grain storage in technology", the "Opinions" proposed that the hard measures of "long teeth" for cultivated land protection should be implemented, and the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land should be strictly observed.

The phased task of high-standard farmland construction will be fully completed, and 100 million mu of high-standard farmland will be built in 2022.

Vigorously promote key agricultural core technologies such as seed sources, improve the level of research and development and application of agricultural machinery and equipment, and accelerate the development of facility agriculture.

What are the new measures to stabilize the "granary of great powers"?

  This year's Central Document No. 1 also focused on adjusting the structure of grain production, proposing to vigorously implement the project to increase the production capacity of soybeans and oilseeds.

Increase subsidies for arable land rotation and incentives for major oil-producing counties, focus on supporting suitable regions, key varieties, and business and service entities, promote corn and soybean strip compound planting in the Huanghuaihai, northwest, and southwest regions, and carry out grain and soybean rotation in the northeast region. In Heilongjiang Province, some groundwater over-exploitation areas and well-irrigated rice areas in cold regions are promoting pilot projects of replacing water with drought and rice with soybeans, and developing winter idle fields to expand rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin.

Carry out demonstration of soybean cultivation in saline-alkali land.

Support to expand the planting area of ​​Camellia oleifera, and transform and upgrade low-yielding forests.

  Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that China is highly dependent on imports of soybeans and oilseeds, among which the dependence on soybean imports is as high as 80%. Recently, the price of oilseeds in the world has risen significantly, which has a certain impact on China's oilseed imports.

Officials proposed to expand oilseeds and soybeans, and put forward corresponding measures, which will help reduce dependence on imports and improve the ability to resist external risks.

  In response to the increasing frequency of extreme weather disasters in recent years, the "Opinions" proposed to strengthen the construction of monitoring and early warning systems for agricultural and rural, water conservancy, and meteorological disasters, and enhance the ability to respond to extreme weather.

Strengthen research on the impact of mid- to long-term climate change on agriculture.

  "Major natural disasters have a great impact on food production. Preventing major disasters is equivalent to reducing food losses. Recently, extreme precipitation and extreme drought weather events have been increasing in China. The Central Document No. 1 proposed this measure to adapt to climate change trends, It is an inevitable move to improve disaster response capabilities." Jiang Wen said.

  Jiang Wenlai said that this year's No. 1 Central Document also proposed to vigorously carry out green, high-quality and high-efficiency actions for the first time, not only focusing on food production alone, but also combining food security with high-quality development, green development and efficient use of resources, and strive to create a win-win situation. The new pattern of food security production in China not only focuses on major national strategies, but also stabilizes the "rice bowl" of the basic agricultural market, which has important practical significance.

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