Editor's note:
Over the past 100 years, the Communist Party of China has handed over an excellent answer sheet to the people and history.
Now, the party unites and leads the people of all ethnic groups in the country to embark on a new road to take the exam to achieve the second centenary goal.
The history of the "two centenary" goals has converged. We have started a new journey to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and we are marching forward on the road of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly cited scriptures, aided the past and verified the present, endowed the allusions with fresh connotations of the times, and profoundly explained the spiritual code of the Communist Party of China, which is rock-like in its original intention and time-honored.
CCTV's "Learning Every Day" specially plans a series of "Dian" to brighten the new era, and learn and understand together with you.
【Interpretation】
"Shangtong" is a very important concept in the Mohist thought system.
In response to the special circumstances of social transformation in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Mozi put forward a series of propositions and methods for governing the country.
Among them, "shangtong" is the foundation of governance and the essence of running a country.
The so-called "shangtong" means to "share the meaning of the world", that is, the thinking, understanding, speech and behavior of the lower-ranking people should be unified upwards with the upper-ranking people.
The subordinates unconditionally obey the superiors, which is the premise that the superiors fully understand the inferior situation and conform to the public opinion.
Mozi pointed out: "The superiors govern, if the inferiors are in control, they will govern; if the inferiors are in disobedience, there will be chaos." This means that if the superiors govern, if they obtain the real conditions below, the society will be well governed; if they do not get the inferiors In reality, there will be unrest in society.
Therefore, only by understanding the lower situation and conforming to the public opinion and realizing the unity of the upper and lower levels, will there be no turmoil in the society and the goal of governing the world will be achieved.
Mozi analyzed that: "To have the affection of the lower, is to understand the goodness and wrongness of the people. If you understand the goodness and wrongness of the people, you will reward the good people and punish the bad people. The good people will be rewarded and violent. When people are punished, the country will be ruled." If you get the following facts, you will be very clear about the right and wrong of the people.
If you know the right and wrong of the people, you will reward them when you meet good people, and punish them when you meet evil people.
If the good are rewarded and the wicked punished, then the country must be well governed.
【Interpretation】
Investigation and research is an important ideological method and working method of the Communist Party of China.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Insisting on starting from reality is the starting point and end point for us to think about problems, make decisions, and do things. The premise of insisting on starting from reality is to go deep into reality and understand reality. Only in this way can we seek truth from facts. To understand In fact, it is necessary to master the basic skills of investigation and research.”
Throughout the 100-year history of the party's development, the Communist Party of China has always "started from China's reality and gained insight into the general trend of the times". Guidelines and policies provide a reliable basis.
In the 1920s, Chinese Communists, represented by Comrade Mao Zedong, conducted extensive and in-depth social investigations at a critical juncture in history.
"Analysis of Various Classes in Chinese Society", "Report on the Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan", "Why Does China's Red Regime Exist?"
" and other works, theoretically clarified that the Chinese revolution must take the road of encircling the cities from the countryside and seizing power by arms.
In the 1930s, investigation reports such as "Xunwu Investigation", "Xingguo Investigation", "Changgang Township Investigation" and "Caixi Township Investigation" provided theoretical and objective basis for our party to formulate the strategic strategy of the new democratic revolution.
In the early 1960s, the whole party promoted the trend of investigation and research. On the basis of investigation and research, the "Sixty Articles of Agriculture" and "Seventy Articles of Industry" were formulated, which provided a reliable basis and laid a solid foundation for the restoration and adjustment of the national economy.
Investigation and research are the foundation of planning and the way to success.
Without investigation, there is no right to speak, let alone decision-making power.
As early as when he was working in Zhejiang, Xi Jinping wrote in the book "Zhijiang Xinyu": Before making decisions on major issues, you must have the determination to look down and the spirit of being a primary school student, take steps and walk out of the yard. , to the workshop dock, to the field, to conduct field research.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to investigation and research work.
The eight regulations promulgated by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee put "improving investigation and research" in the first place.
Major political conclusions such as "socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era" and "the main contradiction in my country's society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development" put forward in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, etc. All are formed on the basis of investigation and research.
General Secretary Xi Jinping is even more committed to himself. Every year, he goes deep into the grassroots, the masses, and the reality frequently, to understand the situation and ask the people for advice, and his footprints are all over the country.
Over the past 100 years, the Communist Party of China has thrived through continuous investigation and research, the sinicization of Marxism has been further advanced through continuous investigation and research, and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics led by the party has progressed from victory to victory through continuous investigation and research.
Now, the Communist Party of China has united and led the Chinese people on a new road to achieve the second centenary goal.
On the new journey, we must further inherit and carry forward the party's fine tradition of investigation and research, consolidate the foundation of this project, and expand the way to success. The grand goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is advancing bravely.
(Author Yang Lixin)
(CCTV Network of China Central Radio and Television Station)