The Spanish, divided before a possible military intervention in case of war between Russia and Ukraine

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Spanish public opinion is divided as to whether

, together with NATO, should intervene militarily in the event of a war between Russia and Ukraine.

48% of Spaniards are in favor of an intervention compared to 52% against.

It is the result of the last barometer of the ElCano Royal Institute and presented this Friday in Madrid.

If this response is analyzed in detail according to ideology or demographic group, women are more opposed than men to a possible intervention and the same happens with the youngest and those who are further to the left (only 41% of respondents on the left are in favor of an intervention, compared to 54% on the right)

This

is evident in many of the issues addressed by the barometer: the opinions of those on the left and those on the right are very different on various issues, from

membership to foreign policy priorities .

The barometer, prepared by Carmen González Enriquez in two phases (a first fieldwork of 1,000 interviews in November 2021, plus a second survey of 500 interviews carried out this month), wanted to investigate the

The majority (80%) is in favor of permanence, a figure much higher than that recorded in the referendum on the Alliance held in 1986, which ended in favor of yes by 57% of the votes.

Once again, the differences by age group or ideology reappear: the Spaniards who are located on the right and in the center show greater support for NATO than among those surveyed on the left.

To the question "What has membership in NATO given Spain?", the majority (75%) answered that it has given it

external threats, compared to 25% who think that being a member of this organization "it's no use".

And here the current crisis on the border between Russia and Ukraine comes into play again, marked by an increase in Russian troops and a continuous escalation of tension between the two countries.

Those who answered that NATO protects against external threats were asked what they considered those threats to be.

Respondents had to offer at least two responses spontaneously.

This question was asked three months ago and now.

(with 54% of mentions), followed by Morocco.

But the situation has completely changed in recent weeks.

"What happened around Ukraine has caused Spaniards a

," said Carmen González, and the data reflects this.

Now Russia is perceived as the main threat (with 35% of mentions), followed by Morocco and wars.

Between the first and second wave of fieldwork, Russia has gone from being cited as a threat by 5% to being cited by 34%.

The European paradox

Another of the traditional objectives of the Barometer is to investigate the feeling of Europeanism of the Spanish, a reality that has been demonstrated in successive surveys.

However, according to Gónzalez, "we find that the Europeanism of the Spanish coexists with a

and we find it worrying."

Thus, although satisfaction with EU membership reaches 91% - a figure that has been increasing in recent years;

in 2018 it was 83%, in 2014, 49%- only a quarter of Spaniards know what New Generation Funds are.

"They are extremely important for Spain, but only a quarter of those interviewed have heard of them," laments González, who also points out as disappointing that the vast majority of those surveyed (83%) do not know what the

, the EU's great commitment to involve the citizens of the Member States in the debate about their future.

If there were to find an explanation for this kind of European paradox, Gónzalez believes that it is found in the way in which the Spanish

and he ventures that the media have not reported enough on European initiatives or proposals.

In fact, for the first time, the Barometer includes a specific question about what is the medium that most people use to get information.

The results indicate that

by 54%), but there is a radical difference between the way people over 65 and young people between 18 and 29 years of age get information, who mainly do so through social networks, even though they themselves recognize the unreliability of the news they receive through Twitter or Facebook (no age group even gives "approved" to the information disseminated on these channels).

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• NATO

• Russia

• Ukraine

• Morocco

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