Entering Shandong Yellow River Delta Agricultural High-tech Industrial Demonstration Zone——
"Golden bumps grow on the saline-alkali soil!"
The red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land must be maintained, and the 500 million mu of saline-alkali land must be fully developed and utilized.
If salt-tolerant crops are developed, it will play an important role in safeguarding China's granaries and rice bowls.
——Xi Jinping
Spring ploughing is imminent, Luo Shouyu rushed to the test base early in the morning to prepare agricultural materials in the Yellow River Delta Agricultural High-tech Industrial Demonstration Zone in Dongying City, Shandong Province.
He pointed to a display board and told reporters: "That day, the general secretary went to the fields from here."
On October 21, 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to the Yellow River Delta Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone for investigation and investigation.
The general secretary encouraged everyone: "The red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land must be maintained, and the 500 million mu of saline-alkali land must be fully developed and utilized. If saline-alkali-tolerant crops develop, it will play an important role in safeguarding China's granaries and rice bowls."
In the New Year of the Tiger, the Yellow Triangle Agricultural High Zone is striving to build a "new granary".
"It's been planted for a lifetime, how can it be so gratifying now"
After entering the warehouse and grabbing a handful of soybeans, Luo Shouyu said happily: "The beans we grow here, the general secretary said yes!"
On the day of General Secretary Xi Jinping's inspection and investigation, Luo Shouyu, as the head of the Technology Innovation Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land in the Yellow Delta Agricultural High Zone, made an introduction on the spot.
The general secretary walked into the field, bent down and picked a bean pod, peeled off a soybean, and chewed it in his mouth: "The beans are growing very well."
"The general secretary's affirmation makes us very excited." He took the reporter to a field and said, "Five days after the general secretary came, that is, on October 26 last year, this saline-alkali land had a bumper harvest of beans, with a yield of 470 catties per mu. , hit a new high.”
The good news spread throughout the once barren land.
At the soybean packing point in Nonggao District, the "old-fashioned" Chang Xiuzhi hummed a tune, shook off the dustpan, and the golden soybeans jumped up and down.
"Look at it, the beans are round and round, and you can't find a few shriveled ones. Before putting it on the ground, the salt-and-alkali beach of Bai Shengsheng could yield 300 jin per acre." Chang Xiuzhi sighed, "After planting it all my life, how could it be? It's so exciting now!"
The granary is full of joy, and the field grows hope.
In the modern agricultural experiment demonstration base of saline-alkali land in Nonggao District, the wheat seedlings are green and swaying in the wind.
Li Ruitian, a technician at the demonstration base, squatted down, pushed away the soil at the roots of the wheat seedlings, and looked down: "It's not bad! It's four or five centimeters tall, and it looks good." He pushed the soil back and grinned happily, "It's back to warm in the spring. All of them jumped up and down."
As China's second national-level agricultural high zone, the Yellow Triangle Agricultural High Zone was established in 2015 with a total area of 350 square kilometers. Due to factors such as seawater intrusion, more than 80% of it is saline-alkali land.
"Look, there are 'golden bumps' growing on the saline-alkali land!" Luo Shouyu stood in front of the exhibition board that General Secretary Xi Jinping had seen, and named them one by one: soybeans, triticale, quinoa, potatoes... Through ecological utilization and innovation in the seed industry , The saline-alkali land grows a variety of salt-tolerant grain and oil crops with high yield and good varieties, as well as many salt-tolerant pastures and Chinese herbal medicines.
"Go!" Chen Haihua, a senior engineer at the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, issued an order on the intelligent agricultural machinery platform in the Agricultural High District.
"These big guys have a talk." Chen Haihua walked out of the control room, came to a "Iron Bull" parked in the field, patted the silver-white curved body and said, "It's called 'Honghu', it is our latest Research and development, new energy, Beidou satellite navigation, remote control are its 'magic weapons'."
Chen Haihua told reporters that alfalfa is known as the "king of pastures" and can harvest four crops a year here.
The 1,500 mu of land in front of you can be harvested in less than 2 days by the "big guys".
From man-pulling cattle to machinery, from relying solely on experience to using data, agriculture is equipped with technological wings.
According to statistics, the contribution rate of national agricultural science and technology progress has exceeded 60%, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting has exceeded 70%.
"Let more specialty soybean products come to the table of ordinary people"
In the agricultural high area of the Yellow Delta, reporters often hear such words: "There are more excellent varieties of domestic saline-alkali-tolerant plants!" "Farming is more exciting!"
"The general secretary emphasized the need to change the concept of breeding, from the management of saline-alkali land to adapt to crops to the selection of saline-alkali-tolerant plants to adapt to saline-alkali land." Luo Shouyu opened the small book that he carried with him, and the words on it were full of energy: Breeding has been established, etc. 7 1 platform, 5 more experimental platforms, 7 new germplasm resource gardens, and a batch of breeding talents...
"Di, di, di--" On the breeding platform in the agricultural high area, the blue control cabinet sounded an alarm, and Lin Shuang, an engineer of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, rushed to check it in three steps.
"The liquid level is lower than 13 cm, so the nutrient solution needs to be added." Lin Shuang tapped the screen a few times and looked up at the cultivation room. In less than 1 minute, the nutrient solution "gulugulu" came out from under the cultivation rack.
"Quinoa, soybean, sweet sorghum, alfalfa, and ryegrass are all new varieties of salt-tolerant plants." Lin Shuang pointed to the rows of cultivation racks, "We plant the crops in the nutrient solution cultivation tank, supply nutrients accurately, and can Significantly shorten the crop growth cycle and achieve 'rapid breeding'."
After coming out of the breeding platform, the reporter met Zhao Bo who was in a hurry.
He is a technician of Dongying Yandi Quinoa Seed Technology Co., Ltd. and spends all day on the greenhouse platform.
The reporter followed him into the greenhouse, ho!
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, and colorful.
"Isn't it beautiful? Look at it first!" After leaving a sentence, Zhao Bo went straight to the ground, picked up scissors and cut a quinoa plant to the ground, put a ruler on the shelf, and took photos, measurements, and records in one go.
After he was busy with his work, Zhao Bocai took care of the introduction, "This is the next step of laboratory breeding. Recently, the quinoa has matured, so we must hurry up to harvest and record the data. The currently cultivated varieties are up to expectations, and the yield is expected to reach 500 catties per mu. ."
One after another, new varieties of salt-tolerant plants were born in the agricultural high area: the new potato varieties reached 4,413 kg per mu, the hay yield of alfalfa was 595.4 kg per mu, the fresh weight of sweet sorghum was 5,288.7 kg per mu, and the yield of triticale was 600 kg per mu...
"The general secretary pays attention to the breeding and promotion of salt-tolerant plants, and we are making efforts in this direction." Jin Zhendong, general manager of Dongying Zhongtian Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd., said that what he was looking at was cultivated in the Agricultural High District. Soybean varieties are not only grown locally, but also extended to Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Hubei and other provinces, with a total planting area of about 35,000 mu.
"Outstanding products in adversity! In addition to continuing large-scale planting this year, we are also preparing to build a processing base, hoping to bring more specialty soybean products to the table of ordinary people."
"The land is getting better, so I can get more grain."
Seeds are the "chips" of agriculture, and arable land is the "lifeblood" of food production.
"To say that this piece of land has a really weird temper. The blame lies in the three characters: 'alkali', 'board', 'thin'. What did it look like in the past? The bricks hit the nails. The soil fertility is low, and there are seedlings but no harvest." Li Ruitian has been dealing with this land for more than ten years, "now it has been 'reborn' and turned into fertile land. Ecological utilization is very important, saving water, controlling salt, and fertilizing is the key."
It's been windy recently, so he's going to put some soil on the micro-spray to avoid being blown away by the wind.
The black micro-spray belts in the field are quite spectacular. If you look closely, the belts are all pinhole-like water holes.
"When you water in spring, as soon as the valve is opened, the water mist sprays out. At that time, the group of 'miao dolls' will open their mouths to absorb water." Li Ruitian said.
The biggest problem in the Yellow River Basin is ecological fragility, and development and construction must adhere to the red line of ecological protection.
"When the general secretary came to investigate and investigate, he emphasized 'how many soups are there for how many buns'. This is about saving water in agriculture." Li Ruitian led the reporter to look at the ditches beside the ridges. , ecological disturbance is large; now precise drip irrigation, small ditches are connected, and water-saving equipment such as micro-spray belts and drip irrigation thin pipes are covered all over the ground, which not only controls salt but also saves water.”
Water is so precious, can you be more careful?
Wang Guangmei, director of the Yellow Triangle Saline-Alkaline Land Agriculture Station of the Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has pondered this question a lot.
He and workers are laying new drip irrigation pipes in the test field.
"It is ready to be used for brackish water irrigation." Wang Guangmei said, "Through field experiments, we can find the upper limit of salinity that crops can withstand in each growth period, and then irrigate brackish water reasonably to achieve efficient use of water resources, saving 30% of fresh water in 3 years. %above."
A single flower of a crop depends entirely on fertilizer.
"Let's keep the general secretary's words firmly in mind and follow the path of green agricultural development." At the bio-industrial technology pilot R&D platform of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Nonggao District, R&D staff Yue Guolei picked up a bottle of bacterial agent sample bottle and shook it, "We developed Microbial inoculants are green and pollution-free, and can effectively improve soil fertility and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers." The machine in the platform workshop roared, the assembly line was running at high speed, feeding, constant volume, stirring, fermentation... After 72 hours, the finished microbial inoculum will be from The fermenter goes out and enters the automatic packaging line.
"The soil is soft and delicate now." Li Ruitian picked up a lump of soil and held it lightly in the palm of his hand, and the fine soil slipped down between his fingers, "In the past three years, the soil strength in the Nonggao District has improved by 1 to 2 grades. "
"The land is getting better, so I can get more grain!" Seeing the black wheat in the fields turning green, Li Ruitian laughed so happily!