◎Reporter Zhang Jiaxing
According to the latest report released by the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism on January 22, the Omicron strain has replaced the delta strain in most countries with available data.
The WHO also reminded that Omicron may not be the last mutant strain, and there is still a high degree of uncertainty in which direction it will mutate in the future.
Recently, there have also been reports of local clustered outbreaks in my country that were infected with the Ormicon strain, and some outbreaks were caused by infection by international document couriers.
In the face of the upcoming Spring Festival, how to avoid "one size fits all" without allowing the epidemic to "come back"?
What are the experts' judgments on the transmission route of the Omicron strain?
"Zero new additions" in many places, the epidemic is gradually coming to an end, and a comeback is unlikely
When introducing the current epidemic situation, He Qinghua, a first-level inspector of the National Health Commission's Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, said that many local clustered epidemics that have occurred in China before are showing a positive trend.
Tianjin had zero new cases for the first time on January 21, Zhengzhou and Xuchang in Henan had zero new cases on January 20, and Xi’an in Shaanxi had zero new cases on January 18, entering the final stage, and many other places The risk of community transmission of the epidemic is also gradually decreasing.
"Facts have proved that the prevention and control strategies and measures adopted by our country are effective and in line with our country's actual situation." Liang Wannian, head of the expert group of the leading group of the National Health Commission's epidemic response and disposal work, said that my country's epidemic prevention and control starts from the emergency containment of sudden outbreaks. From the exploratory stage of normalized prevention and control, to the current "dynamic clearing" stage of the whole chain of prevention and control, it can better take into account the epidemic prevention and control and social and economic development.
"Even if there is an epidemic, we can quickly find out, quickly delineate risk areas, and deal with it quickly. Therefore, in general, it is unlikely that a large-scale epidemic will come back due to the movement and gathering of people during the Spring Festival holiday." Liang Wannian said.
More accurate, taking into account the Spring Festival and epidemic prevention and control
At present, my country's prevention and control strategies and measures can basically achieve rapid disposal and rapid elimination of the epidemic within the longest incubation period of 1-2.
The more precise the prevention and control, the higher the efficiency and the lower the cost of prevention and control, the more minimally it can affect life.
"In the earliest days, our prevention and control was based on provinces. Later, we gradually divided high-risk areas, medium-risk areas and low-risk areas by prefecture-level cities and counties. Now we are gradually targeting streets, communities, and even gatehouses." Liang Wannian It is said that precise prevention and control, accurate protection of people's lives, medical treatment and other daily needs make epidemic prevention and control more warm and humane.
Liang Wannian called on local governments to avoid “one size fits all” to the greatest extent possible through accurate epidemiological investigations, accurate delineation of close contacts, and accurate delineation of the scope of control during the Spring Festival.
Five "first moments" to detect the epidemic earlier
Recently, several clustered epidemics in China have been hidden and spread for a long time. How can the ability to detect the epidemic early be improved?
In response to this question, He Qinghua said that early detection is the top priority in the implementation of "early detection, early reporting, early isolation, and early treatment". my country has established a multi-point-triggered monitoring and early warning mechanism to improve the timeliness and accuracy of information research and judgment, and to identify potential infected persons, The possible infected people are discovered at the first time, and the potentially infected people in the community are discovered at the first time.
In addition, all localities have also resolutely implemented the policy of "reporting every yang, reporting every yang, and checking upon receipt of the report". While reviewing the positive copy of the initial diagnosis, it is necessary to simultaneously initiate epidemiological investigation, nucleic acid testing, arrangement of isolation points, and community control, etc. Emergency measures to deal with confirmed cases as soon as possible.
In response to the epidemic situation of Omicron variant strains, the National Health and Health Commission carried out virus gene sequence determination on all eligible positive samples, striving to discover cases of Omicron variant strains as soon as possible, and take targeted preventive measures in a timely manner. control measures.
Omicron is disseminated by document and awaits further study
In response to the incident of the local infection caused by the Omicron virus strain in Haidian, Beijing, which was caused by international document express delivery, He Qinghua quoted experts' judgment and analysis and concluded that the current evidence that non-refrigerated imported items caused domestic personnel to be infected is still insufficient, and further research is needed. The risk of future epidemic prevention and control needs to be closely observed and evaluated.
He Qinghua explained that under normal temperature conditions, the new coronavirus will degrade and lose its infectious activity in a short time, and the survival time of the virus on the surface of different items is also different. Wet, airtight and high virus concentrations may prolong the survival time of the virus on surfaces, and commonly used disinfectants can quickly inactivate the new coronavirus.
From the perspective of global research and prevention and control practices, the new crown virus is infected through the respiratory tract, mainly through close contact between people, and human infection caused by contaminated items is not the main transmission route of the new crown virus. It is still the prevention of human-to-human transmission.
"Nevertheless, we must pay attention to it tactically, so as not to take chances, not underestimate the enemy, and not relax, and strictly implement a series of daily prevention and control measures." He Qinghua said.