"Heavenly Road" winding beyond the limit
——Comment on the spirit of Qinghai-Tibet Railway
[The spiritual pedigree of the Chinese Communists]
At the end of November, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was already cold and windy.
The Tanggula Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway at an altitude of 5072 meters is the highest point of the world's railway.
"The maintenance of the 125-kilometer permafrost line lies on our shoulders." A worker regards the railway line he guards in this way. "It is the road of development, the road of happiness, and the road of hope."
On July 1, 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the highest altitude, longest line, and fastest plateau railway in the world was opened for operation.
A magical "Tian Road" is full of the hopes of the people of all ethnic groups across the country, winding across Kunlun, the Vietnamese grasslands, through the Gobi, and winding through the snow-capped mountains and flowing clouds.
Facing the three major world problems of "permafrost, high cold and hypoxia, and ecological fragility" and the extreme harsh natural environment of Gobi desert, vast snowy areas, and inaccessible people, the construction and operation and maintenance personnel of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway have a heroic spirit that is not afraid of hardships and dangers. A truth-seeking and pragmatic work attitude, challenging the physical and psychological limits on the roof of the world, bravely creating a world-class level of plateau railway operation and management, overcoming various difficulties and obstacles with amazing perseverance and courage, and composing the construction of human plateau railways with sweat and wisdom And a glorious chapter in the history of operations.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway spirit of "challenging the limit and bravely creating first-class" has continued to be carried forward among Qinghai-Tibet railway people. They have rooted in the plateau, worked hard and dedicated, and did not forget the original mission of the Chinese Communists and continued to create good results.
In November 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping gave important instructions to the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway.
The general secretary emphasized that the majority of railway builders must carry forward the spirit of "two roads" and the Qinghai-Tibet railway, scientific construction, safe construction, green construction, high-quality construction of projects, and make new contributions to the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country.
1. A dream road to happiness
"That is a magical road to heaven, sending the warmth of the world to the frontier. Since then, the mountain is no longer high and the road is no longer long..." At the Lhasa station, the sound of the siren when every train departs is heard on the radio. The song "Heavenly Road".
When the songwriter of this song was collecting scenes at the construction site of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, in conversations with railway workers and Tibetan compatriots, they found that when they talked about the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, people were excited.
An old Tibetan grandmother named Lamu said: "The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a'heavenly road' built by the party and the government for our Tibetan people! For many years, we Tibetans have been eager to have a way to a far distance. Road can take us out of poverty, out of backwardness, and to prosperity."
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known as the "Earth's Third Pole". The snow-capped mountains and dense rivers and lakes here are extremely majestic and magnificent.
But here is the high cold and lack of oxygen, the mountains are blocked, and the snow is covered, making it one of the most difficult to reach areas on the planet.
More than 1,300 years ago, Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, and it took three years to walk from Chang'an to Lhasa; 70 years ago, the New China's Tibetan material pack would consume 12 camels for every kilometer traveled.
"Only the Tibetan eagle can fly over there." This is a true portrayal of the difficulty for ordinary people to get to and materials in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
As early as 1919, Sun Yat-sen planned the grand plan of the plateau railway in the "Industrial Plan". At that time, the blueprint of "building a plateau railway" was doomed to be impossible to realize when the war was turbulent and the national power was withered.
But the fire of the Chinese people's perseverance has never been extinguished.
After several generations of unremitting efforts, this great dream has become clear.
On June 29, 2001, the Golmud-Lhasa section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which attracted worldwide attention, officially started construction.
The construction of railways in Tibet is the long-cherished wish of the older generation of party and state leaders in New China, and it is also the ardent expectation of Tibet and the people of all ethnic groups across the country.
However, limited to the country's financial and technical level at that time, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway experienced "two ups and two downs", and only the first phase of the Xining-Gelmud section was completed, and it was put into operation in 1984.
In the new century, my country's comprehensive national strength has increased significantly, and the long-awaited Qinghai-Tibet Railway has finally ushered in a historic opportunity.
On July 1, 2006, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened to traffic.
As of the end of 2020, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has transported 258 million passengers and 660 million tons of cargo.
Statistics show that from 2005 to 2020, the GDP of the Tibet Autonomous Region will grow from 24.88 billion yuan to 190.27 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 10%. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway has become the driving force for the economic and social development of the Qinghai-Tibet provinces.
2. A construction miracle that challenges the limit
In August this year, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. and the Qinghai Provincial Government jointly issued the "Approval on the Feasibility Study Report on the Quality Improvement Project of the Xining-Golmud Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway", marking that the quality improvement project of the Xining-Golmud Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has officially entered the implementation stage .
According to the chief designer of the Xi (Ning) Ge (Ermu) railway quality improvement project of the China Railway Construction Railway First Institute, after the project is completed and put into operation, the train running time from Xining to Golmud can be controlled within 5 hours, shortening the travel time by nearly 1.4 hours.
On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, any achievement of railway construction has not come easily.
From conception to construction, from completion to operation, no matter what period, the construction and operators of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway regard national needs as the supreme need and the people's interests as the supreme interest, showing a strong sense of family and country and the Communists' hard work and self-improvement. Spirit.
The oxygen content of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is less than half that of low-altitude areas. The builders who set foot on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau first face the problem of survival.
Back then, there was a jingle among the railway soldiers: there were no birds in the sky and no grass on the ground. The soldiers watched the soldiers during the day and the stars at night.
Walking on a plateau at an altitude of 4,000 meters is equivalent to carrying a 25 kg dough bag on the plain. The difficulty of the construction operation can be imagined.
The heroes' builders have extended their way to Tibet little by little at the cost of their lives.
"Guanjiao" means "Ladder to Heaven" in Tibetan.
The Guanjiao Tunnel, located in Tianjun County, Qinghai Province, has an average elevation of 3,700 meters. Due to the complex geology and abundant groundwater, landslide disasters frequently occur during the construction process and the construction is extremely difficult.
On April 5, 1975, 127 people from the Tenth Division of the Railway Corps were working at the tunnel face 1,000 meters away from the entrance of the Guanjiao Tunnel. The tunnel collapsed and the life of the railway soldiers was hanging by a thread.
The trapped time became longer and longer, and the air in the tunnel became thinner and thinner. Suddenly a voice came out: "We may be dying in it. Put the tools together and let our descendants continue to repair the Qinghai-Tibet line!" "
The loyal bones are buried everywhere in the snow-capped mountains.
In the early stage of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction, hundreds of thousands of railway soldiers braved the severe cold, topped the wind and snow, battled hypoxia and fought the frozen soil, used sugar to resist altitude sickness, and relied on soybeans and dried vegetables to supplement their nutrition. Suffering, they have a common goal in their hearts-"The railway must be repaired to the Himalayas."
In order to choose the safest and most scientific route, the forerunners of this railway used their feet to "measure" nearly ten different routes on a plateau of 2.3 million square kilometers, and finally determined the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. line.
Permafrost scientist Zhang Luxin used to be the leader of the expert advisory group of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction Headquarters.
Since he devoted himself to scientific research on the permafrost of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the 1970s, he has devoted almost all of his time and energy in his life.
In the no-man’s land along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, he experienced the predicament of being surrounded by wild beasts; in the cold night of -30℃, he stood for 8 hours and insisted on the pull-out test of the frozen soil bolt... There are also many well-known domestic frozen soil experts. All his life's hard work was dedicated to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
With their mental state of "hardship is not afraid of hardship, lack of oxygen, no lack of spirit, high altitude and higher realm", they have solved many engineering and technical problems in the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
From the start of construction in 2001 to the opening of the whole line to traffic in 2006, the railway took 5 years to finally be paved to Lhasa, ending Tibet’s history of no trains.
The builders filled a number of technical gaps in the country, and achieved world-renowned achievements in project quality, technological innovation, frozen soil construction, environmental protection and health protection. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway spirit with distinctive regional characteristics and characteristics of the times was nurtured.
A road to Tibet must be built. There is no such remarkable record in the history of modern road construction in the world.
The completion of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway broke the assertion that "With the Kunlun Mountains, the railway will never reach Lhasa."
3. A spiritual inheritance across time and space
There is a tombstone on the Fenghuoshan Mountain at an altitude of more than 4,700 meters along the Gela section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
This old party member who participated in the revolution in 1947 went to Fenghuoshan in 1964 to carry out the feasibility study of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. The harsh conditions and harsh environment did not make him retreat.
When he went down the mountain in 1978, he suffered from cancer and died within two years.
While he was still alive, he told his family and comrades in arms: "Buried my ashes on Fenghuoshan. I didn't see the Qinghai-Tibet Railway before I was alive. If I die, I will watch the train cross Fenghuoshan!" After the construction of the Geerla section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway started, Wang Zhanji's son came. He picked up his father's baton on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and became a supervision engineer.
Zhuang Xindan, the first chief design engineer of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, led a team of more than 600 people on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for exploration surveys. They walked through the Gobi, crossed the swamp, and turned over the snow-capped mountains. They lived in a single tent, rode in a large truck, and drank brackish water. , I eat dried buns and pickles.
It is a pity that Zhuang Xindan never saw the Qinghai-Tibet Railway run through until his death. His children saw the line in his notebook: "The train goes west to Lhasa on the day, the family will never forget to tell Naiweng... "
Years later, when the first train of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway crossed the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau after the entire line of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was completed, the long hum was finally able to comfort the heroes.
Regardless of the construction period or the operation period, the majority of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction operators have always adhered to the original mission of "people-centered" and practiced the service purpose of "People's Railway for the people" with practical actions.
At Tanggula Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway line maintenance staff represented by the national model worker "the most beautiful railwayman" Yu Benfan, are responsible for the 125-kilometer permafrost line maintenance with the highest altitude, the worst natural conditions and the most frequent disasters on the entire line The task, workers in the work area often snow in the severe cold of more than 20 degrees below zero, carrying oxygen cylinders to inspect the lines, deal with faults, and consolidate the roadbed.
When asked why Yu Benfan and his workers have been rooting in the “top of the sky” for 15 years, guarding the way home for thousands of people.
Their answer was only one sentence: "I am a Communist."
These guardians of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway have their own beliefs, that is, the firm belief of the Chinese Communists, which is a spiritual beacon that illuminates the way forward for the majority of Communists.
The section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway above 4000 meters above sea level is more than 960 kilometers, and the section through permafrost is more than 550 kilometers. What kind of experience is it to drive a train on the railway closest to the sky?
Xu Baoping, a locomotive instructor and driver on the Ge’erla section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway with 23 years of driving experience, said with a smile: “You need to drive with an oxygen mask all the way, with purple lips and dry nose. You can’t see people even after running for hundreds of kilometers. Although it’s a bit lonely, but I can see the first ray of sunlight on the plateau from the first perspective of the driver’s cab."
Driving a train on the Qinghai-Tibet line not only tests superb professional skills, but also extraordinary spiritual perseverance and physical fitness.
"The weight of the brake handle is a matter of the safety of the passengers of the entire train." It is with excellent psychological quality and high sense of responsibility that Xu Baoping's safe driving mileage on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway reached 760,000 kilometers.
Today, he is leading a group of "post-95s" and "post-00s" young drivers to continue galloping on the snowy Qinghai-Tibet line. The spirit of "challenging the limit and bravely creating first-class" is being passed down from generation to generation.
4. An anthem of bravely creating a first-class era
On June 25 this year, Tibet’s first electrified railway, the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway, opened its doors. The Fuxing service entered Tibet, ending the history of no railways in southeastern Tibet. cover.
With the opening of the Lalin Railway, the Tibet railway network has formed a "Y"-shaped main railway network consisting of three railways: the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the Lari Railway and the Lalin Railway.
In Qinghai, the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway passes through Xining, the Gekko Railway and Dunhuang Railway are in operation, and the construction of the Xicheng Railway has started. Around the axis cities of Xining, Golmud, and Lhasa, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is gradually forming a railway network connecting the four directions.
In 2015, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and Qinghai Airport launched air-rail combined transport services; in 2017, the EMU driver manipulation information analysis system was fully put into use on the plateau EMUs... Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the spirit of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has been realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation Continuous enrichment and sublimation in the vivid practice.
Thanks to the efforts of generations of railway builders, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has gradually become a world-class plateau railway and a road to happiness for the people of all ethnic groups along the line.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway today is the "Wisdom Heavenly Road".
The whole line is equipped with nearly 3,000 "clairvoyance" cameras to monitor train operation status in real time; 43 stations between Yuzhu Peak and Dangxiong, which are snowy for many years, are installed with automatic snow melting devices for turnouts. The heating system is controlled remotely to realize automatic snow melting to ensure The switch turns smoothly during snowfall. This system is the first to be used on domestic railways; a gale monitoring and early warning system commonly known as "Shunfeng Er" is installed in the windy section, and 52 monitoring points are set up to automatically transmit gale monitoring information to ensure safe train operation...pass With these advanced technology and equipment, the status of the driving equipment is clear at a glance at the driving dispatching and command center thousands of miles away from the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway today is the "green sky road".
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an important ecological security barrier for the whole country and the world. The concept of protecting the life, vegetation and mountains of the plateau runs through every stage of railway construction and operation.
In order to protect the rare wild animals and plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a total of 26 bridges and tunnels along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway have been set up along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Waste water collection system. Centralized pollution suction equipment is installed at stations along the line to ensure "zero pollution and zero discharge" on the Qinghai-Tibet line...
Today's Qinghai-Tibet Railway is the "Road to Riches".
Many people are aiming at the business opportunities that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway "brought in" and have eaten "railway rice" one after another.
In the past, farmers and herdsmen who had relied on traditional farming and animal husbandry such as highland barley, cattle and sheep for generations to eat, changed their minds to let go of herding whip, stepped out of the farm, set up Tibetan-style farmhouses, ethnic handicraft shops, and opened green organic farming and animal husbandry products. The road to increase income and become rich is getting wider and wider.
Located in Sema Village, Duilung Deqing District, Lhasa City, with the help of its geographical advantage adjacent to the West Freight Station of Lhasa, a logistics company was organized and the villagers' per capita income rose from two thousand yuan to over ten thousand yuan.
The former impoverished village of Sema Village has become a well-off village envied by everyone today.
In the Qinghai-Tibet railway-themed oil painting "Heart Flying Rainbow", three Tibetan women in traditional ethnic costumes walk forward. Behind them, a bright rainbow spans half of the sky.
This rainbow is the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. It brings vitality to the snow-covered plateau. It builds a bridge of hope for people of all ethnic groups on the plateau to communicate with all parts of the country.
This railway traverses history and the future; this rainbow embodies dreams and expectations.
Inspired and watered by the spirit of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the blooming flowers on the plateau will become more colorful, the life of the people on the plateau will be happier, and the snow-covered plateau will usher in a better tomorrow!
(Our reporter Wanma Jiagama Duoji, our reporter's trainee reporter Wang Wenjing, our reporter's correspondent Ma Wen)