World Meteorological Organization Issues Interim Report on "The State of the Global Climate in 2021"

　　On October 31, local time, on the opening day of the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, England, the World Meteorological Organization issued an interim report on the "Global Climate Status in 2021".

The report contains climate information and data as of the end of September this year, involving a number of key climate indicators including temperature, extreme weather, ocean temperature and acidification, sea level rise, sea ice and glacier conditions, etc.

The report particularly emphasizes the impact of climate change on social and economic issues such as food security, refugees, and ecosystems.

　　The World Meteorological Organization claims that the "record" atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration and heat accumulation have "pushed the earth into unknown territory" and will "have a profound impact" on present and future generations.

According to the report's statistics, the global average temperature (January to September) in 2021 is about 1.09 degrees Celsius higher than that in 1850 to 1900, and is currently listed by the World Meteorological Organization as the sixth or seventh warmest on record in the world. years.

According to the report, the global greenhouse gas concentration has reached a new high in 2020. The concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are respectively 149%, 262% and 123% higher than before industrialization, and this growth will continue in 2021.

　　According to the report, due to global warming, the ocean is facing severe heating problems. At present, the temperature of the water at a depth of 2,000 meters in the upper ocean has "reached a new record" and is expected to continue to warm in the future.

At the same time, due to "absorb about 23% of the carbon dioxide emitted by humans every year", the ocean is constantly acidified due to the rising concentration of greenhouse gases.

Data show that in the past 40 years, the PH value of the ocean surface has fallen on a global scale, and it has reached the lowest value since 26,000 years. The acidification of the ocean has also reduced its ability to absorb carbon dioxide, which has further exacerbated the problem of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration. .

　　The report warns that in the first half of July this year, the extent of sea ice in the entire Arctic region has reached the lowest point in history under the global warming situation; the loss of glaciers and ice caps is not optimistic. The rate of melting of North American glaciers is between 2015 and 2019. Almost "doubled" the period from the beginning of the 21st century.

Due to the combined effects of land ice melting, global ocean warming, and thermal expansion of seawater, the average annual sea level rise from 2013 to 2021 is 4.4 mm, twice the rate from 1993 to 2002.

　　The deterioration of the climate situation has led to frequent extreme weather in many parts of the world.

According to the report's statistics, from June to July this year, high temperatures of more than 40 degrees Celsius occurred in many parts of western North America and the Mediterranean region, and the highest temperature in some areas exceeded 50 degrees Celsius.

Extreme high temperatures have caused major forest fires in California, Turkey and Greece.

At the same time, extreme rainfall has also hit many countries in Western Europe, causing floods, causing heavy casualties and property losses; in South America, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and other countries are facing severe droughts.

　　The report emphasized that the increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events has formed a "dangerous compound effect" with violent conflicts, economic recession and the impact of the epidemic, which undermined the progress made in improving food security around the world over the past few decades.

According to statistics, after the global number of malnourished people reaches its peak in 2020 (768 million people), the number of global hungry people is expected to decline in 2021. However, as of October this year, this number has exceeded the 2020 level in many countries. The number of people in the “food crisis or worse” group increased from 135 million to 161 million from 2020 to September 2021, an increase of 19%.

According to the report, droughts, floods and other extreme weather events are hitting those who are least able to recover and adapt, such as residents of Afghanistan and Central America.

　　United Nations Secretary-General Guterres said in a video speech that the report uses scientific data to show us how the earth has changed before our eyes.

"The 26th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change must become a turning point for mankind and the planet. Scientists are very clear about this fact. Now leaders need to be equally clear in their actions." Guterres Emphasized, "We must now unite and take action to protect the future and save mankind." (Main Station reporter Kang Yubin Chen Minglei)