Grain production will welcome the 18th Lianfeng ("14th Five-Year Plan", we started like this)
Tian Chou is dyed, and rice stalks are fragrant.
"This year we have planted 1,100 mu of rice, and seven or eight machines are on the battlefield. The output per mu can reach 1,400 kilograms." Liu Yuanzheng, a large planter in Bamen Township, Baodi District, Tianjin, was full of joy.
"The straw is returned to the field, planted in wide and narrow rows, with a yield of 1,800 jin and 20,000 mu of corn!" Zhao Yuguo, chairman of the Zhangzhuang Cooperative in Cainiu Town, Tieling County, Liaoning Province, smiled.
According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, as of October 28, the country's autumn grain harvest has exceeded 80%. Judging from the actual harvest in various regions, the autumn grain harvest is a foregone conclusion, and China's grain production will usher in the eighteenth year of bumper harvest.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “For a country like ours with a population of 1.4 billion, the basic status of agriculture cannot be ignored or weakened at any time. It is the truth to have food in hand and not to panic at all times.”
On the occasion of the fourth "Chinese Farmers Harvest Festival", General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Since this year, we have overcome the difficulties of the new crown pneumonia epidemic and natural disasters such as floods. Grain and agricultural production have enjoyed a bumper harvest, rural areas are harmonious and stable, and farmers are happy and healthy. It played an important role in opening a new game, responding to the situation, and stabilizing the overall situation."
Grain harvest, take the initiative in the overall situation.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's grain output has continuously reached a new level.
This year's summer grain output was 291.6 billion catties, an increase of 5.93 billion catties.
The output of early rice was 56 billion jin, an increase of 1.45 billion jin.
The autumn grain harvest is a foregone conclusion, marking that China's grain production will stand at 1.3 trillion catties for seven consecutive years, laying a solid foundation for sustained, healthy and stable economic development, and creating favorable conditions for the "14th Five-Year Plan" to make a good start and start well.
The party and government share the same responsibility, and take the responsibility of stabilizing food security
In April this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out during an inspection tour in Guangxi, “We must strictly implement the responsibility of the party and government for food security, consolidate the responsibility of party committees and governments at all levels to protect arable land, and steadily improve the overall grain production capacity.”
——Be brave to take responsibility and implement the responsibility system at different levels.
The area of grain production is the "king". If the area is stabilized, the basis of grain production will be stabilized.
"Intensive farming, all the land that is turned on and off is used, and an inch of land cannot be wasted." Liu Jinliang, chairman of the Xingnong Food Production and Marketing Cooperative in Paikou Village, Oujiangcha Town, Heshan District, Yiyang City, Hunan Province, has great experience in stabilizing the area. The cooperative’s late rice planting increased to 1,766 mu, introduced high-quality rice varieties and adopted an interplanting model to increase production and income.
This year, for the first time, China has included grain output in its macroeconomic control targets.
All localities attach great importance to it, layer upon layer of responsibility, and decompose the increased planting area to various counties, towns, and villages.
In the autumn grain production this year, the area of high-yield corn has increased by more than 20 million mu, and the national autumn grain planting area has exceeded 1.29 billion mu.
——Strengthen confidence and mobilize production enthusiasm.
The policy of strong peasants and rich peasants benefiting the peasants goes directly to the fields and moisturizes the hearts of the grain farmers.
"The national policy is good, and everyone is very enthusiastic about growing grain." Li Gonghua, the party branch secretary of Dali Village, Yidukou Town, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City, Shandong Province, introduced that this year's soil fertility subsidy was 137 yuan per mu, an increase of 12 yuan over last year.
The policy of strengthening farmers, enriching farmers and benefiting farmers has stabilized the expectations of farmers' income from growing grain, and improved the ability of grain farmers to resist risks.
This year, the minimum purchase price for indica rice and wheat has increased by 1 cent per catty.
The central government has issued subsidies for the protection of arable land fertility, subsidies for the construction of basic agricultural technology extension systems, and subsidies for training of high-quality farmers.
Increase support for double-season rice production and use existing channels to coordinate and integrate rice subsidies.
In the key agricultural period of autumn grain planting, the central government allocated 20 billion yuan to provide one-off subsidies to actual grain farmers in response to rising prices of agricultural materials.
Expand the scope of pilot implementation of full cost insurance and planting income insurance for the three major food crops.
As of the end of September this year, the national agricultural insurance premium income was 84.347 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 18.79%, and risk protection provided 4.02 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 21.42%.
At present, the balance of agricultural loans in China has exceeded 42 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.1%.
——Steady investment, supporting the bottom of grain production.
“The large autumn corn that was just planted this year encountered a drought. The government issued drought relief subsidies, and the bank also issued drought relief loans to purchase water pumps. This relieved the urgent need!" Liu Guohua, a grain farmer in Taokou Village, Fuxing Town, Susong County, Anhui Province, transferred 150 Acre of land, corn has a good harvest.
Focusing on the three key points of preventing disasters, curing diseases and insects, and reducing losses, Anhui has done everything possible to improve the efficiency of autumn grain planting. If you receive a thousand catties of grain, you will get an increase of one thousand yuan per mu."
Jilin increased investment, focusing on increasing accumulated temperature and promoting early maturity, strengthened field management, carried out timely weeding, intertillage, fertilization, and organized spraying of plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizers, drought-resistant water-retaining agents, and other 126.707 million mu.
After putting in the bottom line, the grain farmers have a bottom line in their hearts.
At present, China has initially formed an agricultural input system with the main objectives of ensuring food security, promoting farmers' income increase and agricultural green development.
This year, the central government has invested 555.15 billion yuan in supporting agriculture.
From January to September, effective investment in agriculture and rural areas continued to expand. Fixed asset investment in the primary industry was 10,395 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14%. The scale of local bond issuance for agriculture and rural areas is expected to exceed 160 billion yuan.
Stabilize production and increase production, and lay a solid foundation for food production
Storing grain on the ground and storing grain on technology will consolidate the foundation of agricultural development, and provide production guarantee for a foregone conclusion of the autumn grain harvest.
——Fight the defense of arable land and increase land output capacity.
Land is the lifeblood of agricultural production and the foundation of national food security.
Entering the planting base of the Hongyan Planting Professional Cooperative in Heilinzi Town, Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province, the harvest of 125 垧 corn is almost over.
Su Donghong, chairman of the cooperative, said: “Adding one centimeter of black soil layer can increase the yield by more than 2,000 kilograms per sloping land. The combination of land preservation and maintenance, the output is different!” In the past few years, the cooperative has been using straw to return to the field. The planting method keeps water, fertilizer and moisture, while letting the straw rot to increase the black soil layer.
In the autumn grain production this year, over 28 million mu of black land in Jilin has adopted conservation tillage, accounting for 1/3 of the grain sown area.
Liaoning specially arranged 200 million yuan for black land protection on the basis of 100 million yuan from the central government, and implemented 1.6 million mu black land protection projects.
Hubei Province has steadily promoted the construction of high-standard farmland. As of the end of August, the province has built 2.28 million mu of high-standard farmland, and the overall progress has increased by 30% year-on-year.
From January to September this year, about 96.17 million mu of high-standard farmland has been built and under construction nationwide.
According to the national high-standard farmland construction plan, by 2025, 275 million mu of high-standard farmland will be built, 1.075 billion mu will be built, and 1.2 billion mu of high-standard farmland will be built by 2030.
——Having a good turn in the seed industry to promote grain production to a higher level.
"Good seeds bring good harvests. The corn varieties we cultivated have become good helpers for farmers to get rich, and the potato varieties we cultivated have become the'golden knots' for farmers to get rich." Fenggu good varieties breeding in Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province Proudly expressed in the words of Bao Jidong, the chairman of the professional cooperative.
In recent years, through the cooperative’s breeding and demonstration and promotion of improved varieties, Xiangyu 998 corn, Linna oats, green potato 168 potato and other new varieties have been promoted and planted throughout the county. The cooperative members’ corn yield has reached 1,000 kilograms per mu, and the wheat yield per mu has reached 1,000 kg. 450 kilograms, potato yields 4,000 kilograms per mu, and rapeseed yields 300 kilograms per mu.
In the production of autumn grains, improved varieties show their talents.
Heilongjiang has vigorously promoted the application of high-quality varieties. Soybeans have changed from focusing on "double high" in the past to paying more attention to high yield. A batch of high-yield varieties with a yield of more than 350 jin per mu, such as Dongnongdou 252, Heinong 87, and Dongsheng 17, have been promoted.
Shandong develops high-quality special varieties, optimizes the crop planting structure and product structure, and focuses on the development of relatively high-efficiency high-quality strong gluten wheat, fresh corn, high-protein soybeans, high-oleic peanuts, and special grains and beans, etc. Excellent.
A good seed, a thousand good grains.
At present, the coverage rate of improved varieties of crops in China is over 96%, and the area of self-selected varieties accounts for more than 95%.
The nation has established a national seed industry base team centered on the three national breeding and seed production bases in Hainan, Gansu, and Sichuan, with 152 national crop seed base counties as the backbone, ensuring more than 70% of the country's demand for crop seeds.
Advances in science and technology promote the improvement of grain quality and efficiency
The way out for agriculture lies in modernization, and the key to agricultural modernization lies in scientific and technological progress. Relying on the advancement of agricultural science and technology and taking the path of intensive development will provide a strong impetus for a foregone conclusion of the harvest of autumn grains.
—— Be able to farm land to become "wisdom" farming, and the level of modernization of grain production has been continuously improved.
The increase in machine income and the decrease in machine income have become the "invisible hero" of autumn grain production.
At the rice planting base in Yuwa Community, Fanjian Town, Tianchang City, Anhui Province, a combine harvester eats slices of rice, and the straw after threshing is scattered and returned to the field.
"As a machine operator, you must check the height of the straw, evaluate the output level, and adjust the speed appropriately so that the pellets can be returned to the warehouse." Dai Zhi Wuman, an agricultural machine operator of the Kaifeng Agricultural Service Cooperative in Tianchang City, has experience.
The mechanization of the whole process has improved the efficiency of food production.
In this year's autumn grain production, Heilongjiang has upgraded its mechanization and intelligent operation level, invested 77,000 large tractors of more than 100 horsepower, and the province's agricultural mechanization level has reached more than 98%.
Jiangsu implements key measures for autumn grain production, mobilizes 150,000 large and medium-sized tractors and supporting straw return machines, and more than 110,000 rice transplanters. The proportion of mechanized rice planting has reached 71%, and the appropriate period of rice planting has reached 95%, compared with the previous year. An increase of 3 percentage points.
Mechanization of food production has entered a new era.
At present, China's grain production has generally entered the era of mechanization. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting has reached 71%, and the mechanical harvesting levels of wheat, rice, and corn have reached 97%, 94%, and 78%, respectively.
—— Green food has become the background color, and the power of agricultural green development continues to increase.
Promote the green development of agriculture, reduce the input of grain production resources, and increase production efficiency.
"Using straws as a quilt for the soil makes the land more vigorous." Chang Yabin, the head of the Yabin Planting Cooperative in Sangang Township, Nong'an County, Jilin Province, calculated an account and used this technology to reduce the application of 200 kilograms of fertilizer per hectare of land. Around 500 kilograms of grain production increased.
The amount of input is reduced and the quality rate is improved.
In 2020, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in China's three major grain crops, rice, wheat, and corn, was 40.2%, an increase of 5 percentage points over 2015; the utilization rate of pesticides was 40.6%, an increase of 4 percentage points over 2015.
The pass rate of routine monitoring of the quality and safety of agricultural products nationwide reached 97.8%.
The new type of agricultural business is booming and has become the main force for green agriculture.
Various localities explore innovative organization methods and service mechanisms, and encourage large growers, social service organizations and leading enterprises and other new business entities to popularize and apply green prevention and control technologies on a large scale.
At present, there are more than 90,000 specialized unified defense and governance service organizations nationwide.
Harvest China, green fields.
In the production of autumn grains, Anhui emphasizes "according to the map" and develops the production of high-quality special grains.
It is the first country in the country to produce and publicly release high-quality special rice planting electronic maps, to guide the main grain users to "request grain according to the map", vigorously develop high-quality special grain production, and promote "single species, single receipt, single storage and special purpose" to create a commercial product. Consistent, first-class quality Anhui grain base.
This year, the province has implemented high-quality special rice to account for 63% of the sown area.
Jiangsu strengthened green, high-quality and high-efficiency actions, promoted grain stabilization and efficiency, organized 10 counties to implement ministerial-level green, high-quality, and efficient actions. The province implemented a total of 705 rice green, high-quality and high-efficiency demonstration plots, of which 176, over 5,000 mu There are 449 areas over 1,000 mu, with a total area of 2.59 million mu.
The granary of the big countries is stable, and the country has a solid foundation.
Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we insist on addressing the issues of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” as the top priority of the whole party’s work. The road to promoting rural revitalization will definitely become wider and wider.
Our reporter Gao Yuncai Yu Jingxian