Acoustic "net"
sonar buoy
scattered into the sea
Submarine search is a prerequisite for precise strikes on submarines.
Among the many submarine search equipment, sonar buoys have the advantages of small size, large search area, high efficiency, good concealment, and freedom from sea area restrictions. It is a powerful weapon for aerial submarine search.
Aviation sonar buoys are the main equipment of fixed-wing anti-submarine patrol aircraft and ship-borne anti-submarine helicopters.
It is a cylindrical air-dropped disposable underwater acoustic remote sensing detector used for early warning and detection of underwater submarines.
The sonar buoy is generally composed of a decelerating and landing mechanism, a floating mechanism, an antenna, an electronic circuit, a battery, a hydrophone, a cable, a shock-absorbing damping mechanism, and a cylinder.
According to the orientation method and scope, it can be divided into passive omnidirectional sonar buoy, passive directional sonar buoy, active omnidirectional sonar buoy, active directional sonar buoy, etc.
In order to improve the efficiency of submarine search, anti-submarine aircraft usually deploy sonar buoys in a certain array, such as a triangular array, a linear array, a circular array, and a square array.
In addition, there are some auxiliary airdrop buoys that can be used to detect the marine environment and provide a basis for setting the search buoy array parameters, such as marine noise buoys for measuring ocean noise, and temperature and depth buoys for measuring temperature profiles, etc. .
The sonar buoy must be used in conjunction with the buoy signal receiving and processing equipment to form a sonar buoy system in order to be effective.
The sonar buoy system is composed of various types of sonar buoys (including storage racks, release devices), buoy radio receivers, buoy locators (or acoustic parameter systems), signal processors, display consoles, etc.
In the submarine search process, anti-submarine aircraft generally first throw a deep temperature buoy, measure ocean background data, draw a vertical background map of the target sea area, calculate the throwing formation diagram of the submarine search sonar buoy, and then throw the active or passive sonar buoy.
When the buoy falls into the water, its sonar part will automatically sink to a preset depth to start detection. The detected sound information data is sent to the anti-submarine aircraft through the surface buoy antenna, and the on-board radio receiver demodulates the received signal. The generated audio signal is sent to the signal processor for processing and calculation, forming the corresponding tactical data, and displaying it on the display console.
From this, the anti-submarine aircraft can learn the location of the target submarine, identify friend or foe, and determine the target's speed, heading, type, etc., and then use the magnetic detector to conduct a close search, and finally choose the strike method to strike the enemy.
At present, the struggle between aviation anti-submarine equipment and advanced conventional submarines and nuclear submarines is intensifying.
In the future, underwater targets will continue to develop towards "hidden, faster, more, and smaller" submarine search equipment such as sonar buoys will also adopt more effective designs and countermeasures to develop in new directions, such as designing high-performance low-frequency, expanded arrays Sonar buoys and vertical line arrays can improve the monitoring capability of quiet submarines; develop more reliable landing structures and methods to achieve accurate deployment of sonar buoys at high altitudes and high speeds, and improve the reliability and use efficiency of sonar buoys.
Li Shan Wang Haofan