Let teachers truly become the most respected and enviable professions in society
——Huai Jinpeng, Minister of Education, talks about the construction of the teaching staff and the implementation of the Teacher Law
Teachers are the foundation of education and the source of education.
What is the current size of our country’s teaching staff, what kind of benefits are guaranteed to teachers in different regions, how can rural teachers “can be used, retained, and teach well”, and what are the shortcomings in the construction of the teaching staff... October 21, Ministry of Education Minister Huai Jinpeng gave a report on the construction of the teaching staff and the implementation of the Teacher Law at the 31st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress, and responded to the above questions one by one.
The faculty continues to expand, with more than 17 million full-time teachers
"People's Educators" Yu Yi, Wei Xinghua, Gao Mingxuan, "July 1st Medal" winner Zhang Guimei, "Models of the Times" Li Baoguo, Huang Danian, Zhong Yang, Chen Liqun... a typical figure of outstanding teachers wrote with sweat and blood The sacred mission of teaching and educating people.
"Our country has established and improved a teacher honor recognition system represented by people's educators, models of the times, national models of teaching and educating people, national model teachers, and national outstanding teachers." Huai Jinpeng said that these major national teachers have given full play to outstanding teachers. Leading and demonstrating role.
The report shows that at present, the scale of the teaching staff in China is continuously expanding. The total number of full-time teachers has increased from 10.9789 million in 1993 to 17.929700 in 2020, an increase of 63.31%.
The report also mentioned that in terms of the provision of teachers for pre-school education, as of 2020, there were 5.198 million kindergarten faculty and staff across the country, an increase of 2.708 million over 2012.
As of 2020, there are 66,200 special education teachers nationwide, an increase of 22,400 over 2012.
In terms of the level of teachers’ academic qualifications, China’s teachers’ academic qualifications have continued to improve. The percentage of kindergarten teachers with a college degree or above has increased from 2.8% to 85.75%, the percentage of primary school teachers with a bachelor’s degree or above has increased from 0.18% to 66%, and the percentage of high school teachers with postgraduate education has increased from 2.8% to 85.75%. Less than 1% increased to 11.47%, and the proportion of teachers with doctoral degrees in universities increased from 1.70% to 27.75%.
90% of the government-funded normal school students under the ministry go to teach in the central and western provinces after graduation
In recent years, the phenomenon of "teacher fever" and "teacher fever" has attracted attention.
Taking root in the three-foot podium, devoting to teaching and educating people, and becoming a people's teacher where the motherland needs it most has become the life direction of many normal graduates.
In July this year, nine departments including the Ministry of Education issued the "Oriented Training Plan for Outstanding Teachers in Underdeveloped Regions in the Central and Western Regions". Starting from 2021, normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education and local Concentrated contiguous counties in poverty alleviation areas, national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, and primary and secondary schools in the land border counties of the central and western regions to train about 10,000 normal students.
"Continue to promote the reform of teacher education, and form an open and flexible teacher training pattern with normal colleges as the mainstay and the participation of comprehensive universities. 'The leap of the three-level teacher training system.' Huai Jinpeng said.
The report shows that there are 696 colleges and universities offering teacher education nationwide, with 2,615,800 teachers majoring in schools.
Since 2007, free education for normal students has been implemented in normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education (in 2018, it was changed to publicly funded education for normal students). A total of 123,000 publicly funded normal students have been enrolled, and 90% of the graduates have gone to teach in the central and western provinces.
The report also mentions that 28 provinces across the country implement public-funded education for local normal students, and every year more than 40,000 college graduates go to teach in rural primary and secondary schools.
Cultivate rural teachers who can "get down, stay, and teach well"
Ye Lianping, a 90-year-old rural teacher in Hexian County, Anhui, took root in the three-foot podium, caring about left-behind children, saving money to support poor students, and staying alive and talking about old age;
The city girl Sun Ying gave up her enviable job in Shenzhen and went to the remote mountainous area of Guizhou alone to support education, becoming the "teacher Sun who can't be driven away";
Zhi Yueying, a rural teacher rooted in the mountains in Yichun, Jiangxi, has been teaching for more than 40 years and sent more than 1,000 children from impoverished mountainous areas out of the mountain. Her braids have also changed from black to gray...
Education plays a fundamental and leading role in the strategy of rural revitalization. How to train rural teachers who are "reliable, retain, and teach well" has become one of the key issues in improving the level of rural education.
Huai Jinpeng said that at present, China has strengthened the staffing of rural teachers and vigorously implemented the "special post program". It has provided a total of 1.03 million teachers in rural schools in the central and western regions, covering 22 provinces, more than 1,000 counties and more than 30,000 in the central and western regions. Schools.
The report shows that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of education support programs have been implemented for teachers in the "Three Districts" Talent Program, 10,000 teachers in Tibet and Xinjiang to support teaching, middle and primary school silver-age teachers to give lectures, and college silver-age teachers to support the western region. A total of 17 More than 10,000 teachers went to teach in the "three districts" counties, 10,000 teachers assisted Tibet and Xinjiang, and recruited nearly 10,000 outstanding retired teachers to teach in rural primary and secondary schools and universities in the west.
"Promote professional title evaluation and appointment to rural teachers, and expand the professional development channels of rural teachers." Huai Jinpeng pointed out that to vigorously improve the ability and quality of rural teachers, the "National Training Program" focuses on supporting the central and western regions to strengthen rural teacher training and provide high-level training for rural teachers. Quality learning opportunities.
In terms of improving the treatment of rural teachers and enhancing the sense of professional honor of rural teachers, the report mentioned that teachers should truly become the most respected and enviable professions in society.
The rural teacher living allowance policy covers 725 former contiguous poverty-stricken areas and counties in 22 provinces in the central and western regions, benefiting 80,000 rural schools and 1.298 million teachers.
Strengthen the construction of the teaching staff and speed up the revision of the teacher law
Ideological and political construction of college teachers has the problem of "high temperature and low temperature"; elementary and middle school teachers violate the regulations and part-time paid extra classes, corporal punishment of students, and kindergarten teachers abuse children from time to time; local normal colleges and universities have issues such as discipline development and teacher strength There are obvious shortcomings... The report mentioned that there are still some problems in the construction of the teaching team and the implementation of the teacher law.
Huai Jinpeng said that it is necessary to comprehensively strengthen the construction of teachers’ ideology and politics and teacher ethics, focus on building a high-quality teacher development system, make every effort to build a high-level professional teacher team, focus on solving the bottleneck problem of teacher team construction, and continue to promote the comprehensive construction of the teacher team. Reform and other aspects have made every effort to strengthen the construction of the teaching team.
When talking about the progress and plan of the revision of the Teacher Law, Huai Jinpeng said that he speeded up the revision of the Teacher Law, carried out research on special topics, formed a draft of the revision of the Teacher Law, and extensively listened to experts at all levels and types of schools and related fields, as well as experts in related fields. The opinions of the central government and local education administration departments have been carefully studied and revised repeatedly to form a revised draft.
"In the next step, we will speed up the work process in accordance with the legal revision procedures, further improve the revised draft, and submit it to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation as soon as possible," said Huai Jinpeng.
Our reporter Li Ruichen and Liu Huadong