Reduce the burden in class and increase efficiency
Our reporter Zhang Jianxin and Li Yating
Homework is less, tutoring classes are suspended, and after-school activities are enriched... In September this year, "Double Reduction" presented a special opening ceremony for primary and middle school students across the country.
The "double reduction" policy has been implemented for more than a month, and it has brought a lot of new atmosphere. While students and parents are delighted, they can't help but ask questions. How to ensure the quality of learning after the "double reduction"?
How does "double reduction" make education "return to basics"?
Xinhua Daily Telegraph reporter visited this.
What are the kids doing after school?
At 4:30 in the afternoon, He Guohuan, the eighth grader of Tianjin No. 2 Xinhua Middle School, did not go home. Instead, he came to the drone classroom early and sat around the computer with his friends for modular programming.
The sound of students' discussions and the sound of drone engines filled the entire classroom. A drone took off smoothly from the starting point, turned somersaults freely in the air, and landed steadily at the end.
After the beginning of the new semester, He Guohuan's after-school life was suddenly enriched.
"I used to do my homework by myself when I got home from school. I didn't have any classmates to discuss with me at home, lacking a learning atmosphere. Now I can finish my homework quickly at school, and I can also take the Sutuo lessons I like."
Since the implementation of the “double reduction” policy, primary and secondary schools in Tianjin have adopted the “5+2” after-school service model, that is, after-school services are carried out on 5 working days a week, at least 2 hours a day, and after-school services are provided with questions and answers. And quality development activities.
On the campus after school, every classroom is "different from the sky."
In Tianjin No. 2 Xinhua Middle School, in the "Shape of Big Tool" class, students wearing aprons sitting by the turntable, shaping the clay into the desired shape; in the "robot" class, the students were editing the program. , While fiddling with the electronic components in his hand; in the "Colorful World Tour" class, the teacher led the students to appreciate the customs and customs of all parts of the world...
In addition to teaching the eighth grade physics class, the teacher Chen Qunyan is also the teacher of Sutuo's "Life and Physics". In Chen Qunyan's view, Sutuo has a strong role in promoting students' professional courses.
"Physics is a subject closely related to life, and has certain requirements for students' experimental ability. We teach theories in class, and let students do experiments in Sutuo classes, combining theory with life, so that students can fall in love with physics. ."
"The purpose of'double reduction' is to make education'return to the basics'. The key to carrying out after-school services is to'keep people and pay attention', so that children like the courses and campus, and if they want to be'accepted', they must have real skills." Tianjin No. 2 Xinhua Du Huirong, secretary of the party branch of the middle school, said that professional Sutuo courses are inseparable from excellent teachers. In addition to tapping school resources, the power of social resources should also not be underestimated.
In order to provide strong talent support for the school’s after-school services, Hexi District, Tianjin explored and established the "Three Hundreds" volunteer service team, namely community volunteer team, college volunteer team, parent volunteer team, retired teachers, college students, parents Waiting on the stage one after another, spread knowledge in the field of their expertise.
Trampoline, baseball, volleyball, Chinese wrestling... At Dexian Elementary School in Hexi District, Tianjin, the children run and jump in the sun after a day of professional lessons, opening the "sports mode".
The support of social resources is also indispensable for the smooth development of a variety of physical education courses.
Zhou Rui, the principal of Dexian Primary School in Hexi District, Tianjin, said, “The school has conducted sufficient research before carrying out after-school services. A large number of parents have reported that they hope their children can do more physical exercises. Many sports projects require professional teacher guidance. The bureau and other departments have given strong support, and many teachers are professional athletes, ensuring the safety and professionalism of the courses."
Is 15 minutes of homework enough?
The "double reduction" policy requires that the total amount and duration of homework are reduced in an all-round way, so as to reduce the burden of heavy homework for students; vigorously improve the quality of education and teaching to ensure that students learn well in school.
When exactly do the students do their homework?
How to ensure the quality of teaching?
"In the past, students were worried about homework, but now teachers are worried about leaving homework." Sun Yue, a ninth grade mathematics teacher and grade group leader of Tianjin No. 2 Xinhua Middle School, created a small program for homework. The content of the homework and the expected completion time are filled in the small program, and Sun Yue takes overall control to ensure that the total time of the students’ homework every day is controlled within 90 minutes, and the average homework for each subject is about 15 minutes.
Is 15 minutes of homework enough?
Sun Yue said with a smile, “The reduction in the amount of homework really puts forward higher requirements on the teacher. The teacher must improve the scientific nature of the homework design so that every exercise of the children can produce the greatest effect.”
To this end, the teachers strengthened the discussion, according to each student's own learning situation, hierarchical leave homework, let different students practice different difficulty.
In addition, "Q&A and guidance" is an important content of after-school services. Students complete most of the homework at school, and the teacher will understand the student’s mastery of knowledge from the feedback of the homework at the first time, so as to provide targeted services for each student. Conduct coaching.
"Students went home after school before, and even if they had questions, there was no way to ask the teacher in time.'Question-and-answer guidance' gave teachers the space to teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and the teacher could answer students' questions at the first time." Dexian Elementary School 2 Said Chen Wen, a grade-level Chinese teacher and head teacher.
There are fewer homework and higher requirements for classroom efficiency.
Sun Yue said, "Teachers prepare lessons more carefully, and at the same time they will conduct quizzes in the classroom, and provide individual tutoring to students based on the test results to ensure that every student must master the content of the class."
What is the effect of reducing work and improving efficiency?
Many teachers said that because the new semester has just passed a month or so, the students' learning effects cannot be presented in data, but the students' learning enthusiasm and learning efficiency have indeed been improved.
In Chen Wen's class, she was deeply impressed by the changes of many children.
"The parent of a boy in the class once told me that it takes one day to write a character at home, and it takes ten minutes to finish writing at school. Moreover, because the teacher can guide in time, the child's writing is much better than before. Many children in the class have made visible progress."
Chen Qunyan also said that the students' enthusiasm for learning in the class is higher than before, the mechanical homework exercises are reduced, and the questions that reflect the thinking ability are increased, which is more conducive to the improvement of students' learning ability in the long run.
Will the 80,000 yuan tutoring class still be used?
The "double reduction" policy stipulates that strict governance is adhered to and the conduct of off-campus training is fully regulated.
Off-campus training, the "mountain" that once weighed on the shoulders of students, has now been removed?
"The elderly in the family take turns to pick up the children. After lunch every noon, the elderly will go to my house to prepare dinner ingredients; 15:30 the children will be out of school, and the elderly will pick up the children home and start making dinner; 16:30 I will go home from work and go home with the children. Have dinner together, and then send him to an off-campus training class; the training class starts at 18:30, the training class ends at 20:30, and he goes home around 22:00." "Post-80s" mother Li Yan introduced her son's first grade Daily arrangements.
Last year, Li Yan enrolled his children for an off-campus tutoring class for the three subjects of language, mathematics and foreign language. There were also tennis and cello classes on weekends. The tuition fee for a year at an off-campus tutoring organization was as high as 80,000 yuan.
However, this exhausting timetable and high tuition fees did not exchange Li Yan's peace of mind, but made her more anxious. “We always worry that our children will lose on the starting line. Educational institutions are precisely looking at the parents. With this kind of mentality, the knowledge taught is more difficult than the school curriculum, but the learning effect and the effort are not proportional."
Li Yan's son once did an English test paper for an outside counseling agency in school. The teacher told her that it was the difficulty of the second grade, and it was too difficult for the first grade children.
"I also thought about not letting him go to these tutoring classes anymore, but the surrounding children are all attending, and I can't make up my mind to give up." Li Yan said helplessly.
There were also many students in Sun Yue’s class who had made up lessons outside, and the students sometimes learned something in advance that the school teacher hadn’t taught yet. Sun Yue felt that this had little effect on improving academic performance.
"School teachers pay more attention to cultivating students' academic literacy, while most tutoring agencies focus on solving problems. Such utilitarian learning is not conducive to the long-term improvement of children's learning ability."
Chen Qunyan, who has just taken a junior high school graduating class, also said that the effect of making up classes outside was not as good as expected.
"Most of the high school entrance examination is to assess the knowledge of the textbooks. As long as students can fully grasp the knowledge points in the classroom and follow the teacher's guidance, it is not difficult to achieve good results."
With the implementation of the "double reduction" policy, parents who were entangled like Li Yan breathed a sigh of relief.
"The development of school after-school services freed us from fatigue and anxiety. Parents can choose the time to pick up their children according to the off-duty time, which reduces the family's manpower burden; the school has launched Sutuo courses and Q&A counseling, and we do not I need to go to extracurricular tutoring classes again, and the financial pressure and mental pressure have also been relieved." Li Yan said.
Qi Yunfei's daughter just entered the third year of junior high this year. After the new semester began, the math and physics tutoring classes that her daughter had been attending before were suspended.
"In the beginning, the child was more anxious, just like the crutches he had been relying on suddenly disappeared. It is inevitable that he could not adapt. The teacher also told the child that the after-school service and the content of the classroom are enough to cope with the high school entrance examination, and the child's mentality is gradually adjusted."
Zhou Rui said, “Excessive reliance on educational institutions is short-sighted education. The formation of a correct educational concept requires the cooperation of families, schools, and society. However, the adjustment of teaching methods and educational concepts takes time, and'double reduction' is also a gradual process. In the long run, the positive impact of the "double reduction" will benefit the children throughout their lives."