Make up for the shortcomings of supporting facilities in old communities
The installation of elevators, the addition of insulation, and the renovation of old communities are benefiting more and more urban residents.
What is the focus of the next step?
The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development have jointly issued the "Notice on Strengthening the Construction of Supporting Facilities for the Reconstruction of Old and Urban Residential Districts" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), requesting that the shortcomings of supporting facilities in old and urban communities that need to be rebuilt before the end of 2000 should be explored. Priority will be given to the transformation of supporting infrastructure such as gas, electricity, drainage, and heating, and livelihood facilities such as elderly care, childcare, parking, convenience, and charging piles.
These "unseen" and "hard to see" areas are pain points and blockages in the operation of old communities.
Make up for the shortcomings of supporting facilities, so that residents are full of expectations.
Touch the "Invisible Places"
——Inspect potential safety hazards in supporting infrastructure, and check out the gaps in livelihood facilities
The "oldness" and "oldness" of the old community are not only reflected in the specific building age, but also hidden in many "invisible places".
"The installation of elevators and hardening of the road surface are all'visible places', and'invisible places' should also become the key objects of the renovation." Speaking of the renovation of old communities, residents of an old community in Haidian District, Beijing Chen Jun said so.
The residential area where Chen Jun lived was built in the early 1980s. Due to the age of the building, the auxiliary facilities in the residential area have problems such as aging drainage facilities, low heating temperature, and slow home fiber optic network speed.
Take the drainage facilities as an example. The water pipes in the building are made of cast iron, which are aging and corroded seriously, and there are water seepage and leakage phenomena.
"Whenever the water supply is restored after the water supply is cut off, the water is brownish-red, mixed with gravel, and it takes a long time to drain to become clear. The rust of the pipeline has affected the water quality. My house does not burn tap water for drinking, and does not use it for cooking." Chen Jun said.
With regard to the lack of livelihood facilities, the residents of the old community also have a strong willingness to renovate.
"The building door is 5 steps above the ground, but there are no barrier-free facilities. It is particularly inconvenient for the elderly in wheelchairs and crutches. There are many elderly people and children in the community, and there is a lack of nursing facilities for the elderly." Wang Shuzhen, an elderly person over eighty years old Living in a residential area built in the 1990s in Chaoyang District, Beijing, there is an annoyance right now: "We have a structure of one elevator and two households. Some owners simply occupy the public space outside the elevator. Partitioning and storage of debris feels very insecure, but the property does not have law enforcement powers, and now it has become a'big problem' problem." Wang Shuzhen said.
These “unseen” and “hard to see” areas include not only basic renovation content such as municipal supporting facilities, complete renovation content that meets the convenience of residents’ living needs, but also enrichment renovation content that enriches public services. The focus of the transformation of the old community at this stage.
The "Notice" requires the investigation of potential safety hazards in supporting infrastructure such as gas, electricity, drainage, and heating, as well as public spaces; and the gaps in facilities such as elderly care, childcare, parking, convenience, and charging piles.
On this basis, the above-mentioned facilities will be prioritized as a key content.
Ren Xingzhou, a researcher at the Research Institute of Market Economy of the Development Research Center of the State Council, told this reporter that the renovation of the relevant facilities in the old community is a systematic project including early-stage project approval, mid-term construction, and late-stage management and maintenance. Explanation and guidance is an important prerequisite for doing a good job in transformation.
In the specific implementation process, we should also insist on implementing measures according to local conditions and categorized policies, and strive to achieve one policy per place and one policy per community.
"Find out the situation, find the shortcomings, and strive for practical results first in the transformation process, which will greatly enhance the sense of gain and happiness of the residents of the old community." Ren Xingzhou said.
Good construction, renewal, and management
——Strengthen the supervision during and after the event, implement professional property management, and improve the long-term management mechanism
Making up for the shortcomings of the supporting facilities in the old community is a complex and meticulous project that involves a wide range of aspects.
"We hope to replace the cast iron pipes with PVC (polyvinyl chloride), but this is really a big project. If you want to change it, you have to replace the whole string. It needs someone to organize and coordinate and all households to act in a unified way. Of course, it also requires a lot of money." Chen Jun told reporters that in order to solve the problem of aging drainage facilities, the strength of individual owners and property companies is far from enough. It requires multiple entities to form a joint force in various links to achieve "treatment of both symptoms and root causes."
Wang Shuzhen said that once the facilities are built, they must also be managed. This requires the improvement of the service management capabilities of the community, property and related departments.
"Our community is not only short of parking spaces, but also in disorderly management. Some households do not have one, and some people have more than one. Over time, many residents lack trust in facility managers."
The transformation of supporting facilities requires the consolidation of the main body of responsibility.
The "Notice" emphasizes that, first of all, we must implement the social and safety responsibilities of professional operating units, and do a good job in safety inspections and facility maintenance.
In terms of improving the long-term management mechanism, cities (counties) at all levels must perform the main responsibility of safety management, and relevant departments must carry out safety supervision and inspection according to their duties.
In addition, it is necessary to establish a new community management mechanism with extensive participation, consultation, coordination and interaction among neighborhood committees, property committees, and property companies, promote the modernization of the community's grassroots governance system and governance capabilities, and jointly maintain the results of transformation.
Overall coordination in the transformation process is also very important.
"The management and maintenance facilities of various units are often the'Jiulong Water Control', which lacks coordination. Water pipes are digged today, wells will be repaired tomorrow, and optical cables will be moved the day after tomorrow... A lot of inconvenience." Chen Jun said.
For this reason, the "Notice" puts forward corresponding requirements for project industry supervisors, construction units, survey and design units, construction units, and supervision units in terms of project quality and safety supervision. At the same time, it clearly strengthens the overall coordination of project construction, and optimizes the spatial layout and construction sequence. Avoid repeated excavation.
In addition, due to historical reasons, some old communities have no property management and unclear property rights of supporting facilities, which have become obstacles to the maintenance and renewal of supporting facilities in the medium and long term.
The "Notice" clarified that after completion of the renovation of the old urban communities, qualified communities will choose professional property service companies to take over through market-oriented methods; guide the transfer of the property rights of related supporting facilities to professional operating units in accordance with legal procedures, and they will be responsible for subsequent maintenance and management .
Multi-channel financing
——Coordinate local financial resources; encourage financial institutions to participate; guide residents to invest and participate
Many residents, franchise units, and property management company staff said in interviews that the transformation of supporting facilities and people's livelihood facilities is the difficulty in the transformation of old communities, "the difficulty lies in funding."
Ren Xingzhou believes that the key to solving the problem of "where does the money come from" lies in innovating investment and financing mechanisms and promoting the joint construction and reform of multiple entities. At the same time, it is necessary to focus on the sustainability of the transformation, promote the continuous flow of funds, and avoid changes in the financing process. For "one-off sale."
The clarification of multiple sources of funds is one of the highlights of this "Notice".
On the one hand, the "Notice" emphasizes that all the investment in the central budget will be used for the construction of supporting facilities for the transformation of old communities in cities and towns; all localities should coordinate local financial resources and focus on eliminating various hidden safety hazards in old communities in cities and towns, improving drainage and waterlogging prevention capabilities, and improving Renovation of supporting facilities in old communities in cities and towns, including old-age care facilities, construction of parking lots and convenience facilities.
At the same time, professional operating units should implement their funding responsibilities and prioritize funding for the renovation of supporting facilities in old communities.
On the other hand, the "Notice" pointed out that the important role of developmental and policy-based financial support is to be played; financial institutions are encouraged to participate in the investment in urban renewal funds such as the renovation of old communities established by local governments; Renovation content, encourage social capital professional contract single item or multiple items, etc.; according to the principle of who benefits and who contributes funds, actively guide residents to contribute funds to participate in the renovation, etc.
“Who benefits and who contributes funds is not easy to implement. These six words are not easy to implement. In 2013, the property posted an announcement in the elevator, indicating that the elevator is an outdated product and needs to be overhauled or replaced. Now the announcement is still posted there, but no People pay!" Wang Shuzhen said, "We old residents are willing to pay, and the maintenance fund pool should also be refilled. In addition, there are many billboards in the community, and the public benefits generated are also used for facility maintenance."
In order to implement the principle of "who benefits, who contributes funds", the "Notice" gives specific measures: when guiding residents to contribute funds to participate in the renovation, they can directly contribute funds, use (reconstruction, renewal) residential special maintenance funds, and transfer community public Income and other methods.
At the same time, establish and improve the system of collection, use and renewal of special residential maintenance funds; coordinate the common income of owners such as the operating income of public facilities to ensure the subsequent management and maintenance fund needs.
Ren Xingzhou explained that taking into account the characteristics of the old community, supporting facilities renovation funds need to be raised through multiple channels.
This is neither a fiscal "big package" nor a complete "out-of-pocket payment" by the owners, but the participation of multiple entities such as the central finance, local finance, residents, and social capital in joint construction and reform.
Experts said that different communities have different emphasis on renovation, and specific analysis should be adhered to on the issue of "who pays": basic renovations should be funded by various levels of finance; improvements and upgrades should be shared by residents To fulfill the capital contribution responsibility, social capital can also be introduced through a market-based mechanism and used for the transformation of facilities with a certain degree of profitability.
Among them, it is very important to guide residents to reach consensus and form a consensus to obtain the "greatest common divisor" of the public interest of the building and even the community.
Wang Wenzheng