Nobel Prize in Physics to the Italian Giorgio Parisi, Klaus Hasselmann, Syukuro Manabe
Nobel Peace Prize to journalists Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov, champions of freedom of expression
Nobel Prize in Literature to Abdulrazak Gurnah
2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Benjamin List and David MacMillan, molecule engineers
Nobel Prize in Medicine 2021 to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian for touch and temperature receptors
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October 11, 2021 After awarding the prizes for medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has announced this year's Nobel Prizes in Economics. The award goes half to David Card for his empirical contribution to the labor economy and half to Joshua D. Angrist and Guido W. Imbens for methodological contributions on the analysis of random relationships. They are all three Americans.
The winners, explains the academy, "have provided us with new insights into the labor market and have shown what conclusions about cause and effect can be drawn from natural experiments. Their approach has spread to other fields and revolutionized empirical research." .
Last year the coveted award went to Americans Paul R. Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson "for improving the theory of auction mechanisms and inventing new ones". In 2019, Abhijit Banerjee (naturalized American Indian), Esther Duflo (French, second woman to obtain the Nobel Prize in economics) and Michael Kremer won "for their experimental approach in tackling the problem of global poverty"; the first two professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, and the third at Harvard University.
The Nobel Prize went to the United States also in 2018: William D. Nordhaus and Paul M. Romer were awarded "for their studies on some of the most pressing issues of our time, on how to combine long-term sustainable growth of the economy. global with the well-being of the population ".