◎Reporter Li Liyun He Liang Correspondent Li Tianbiao
First
Since 2014, China's installed hydropower capacity and power generation have consistently ranked first in the world, and hydropower resources have become my country's second largest energy source.
In 2020, China's hydropower generation capacity will be 1.35 trillion kilowatt-hours, and the installed hydropower capacity will be 370 million kilowatts, which will exceed 30% of the world's total hydropower installed capacity.
On the eve of the party’s founding one hundred years ago, the first batch of units of the Baihetan Hydropower Station on the Jinsha River was put into operation safely and on time. General Secretary Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter and pointed out that the Baihetan Hydropower Station is a major national project implementing the “West-to-East Power Transmission” and is the world’s largest under-construction and technologically The most difficult hydropower project.
The world's largest single-machine capacity of one million kilowatts of hydroelectric generating units has achieved a major breakthrough in my country's high-end equipment manufacturing.
In 1951, Harbin Electric Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Harbin Electric Group) developed the first 800-kilowatt turbine unit in New China, ending the history of my country’s inability to produce power generation equipment on its own.
In 2021, the world's first Baihetan million kilowatt hydropower unit with the largest single-unit capacity independently developed by Harbin Electric Group will make China's hydropower technology the highest in the world.
Over the past 70 years, tens of thousands of power generation equipment of the Harbin Electric Group have continuously delivered "brightness" to all parts of the country and related countries in the world.
The installed capacity of Harbin Electric Group accounts for one-third of the total installed capacity of the country, and the share of hydropower installed capacity is the world's leading, providing surging impetus for the rapid development of industrial economy in my country and related countries.
China's installed hydropower capacity ranks first in the world
The single unit capacity of Baihetan Hydropower Station's hydro-generator unit is 1 million kilowatts, which is higher than the 700,000 kilowatts of the Three Gorges.
What is even more proud is that all the water turbine units are independently developed by my country, which is of milestone significance.
The bright moments of continuous completion of China's large-scale hydropower projects cannot conceal the history of technological backwardness. It took nearly 70 years for Chinese hydropower engineers to realize the record-breaking achievements of China's hydropower units.
In the early days of the founding of New China, China's power equipment manufacturing started from scratch and established Harbin Electric Machinery Plant, Harbin Boiler Plant, and Harbin Steam Turbine Plant.
At that time, the installed capacity of power generation nationwide was only 1.849 million kilowatts, which was not enough for the current capacity of the power generation equipment designed and manufactured by the Harbin Electric Group in one month.
In 1951, Harbin Electric Machinery Factory received the central instructions, "Scramble to build an 800-kilowatt vertical hydro-generator unit, which can generate electricity as soon as possible."
The former Ministry of Machinery mobilized the most outstanding technicians from all over the country to Harbin Electric Machinery Plant and began to organize the production of generator sets, which opened the prelude to China's hydropower from scratch.
The turbine of this unit is 1.5 meters high and the base diameter is 1 meter. Although it is a "little man" in front of today's "Big Mac", it created an almost impossible miracle at the time.
The unit completed the rotor overspeed assembly test on December 22, 1951, and was subsequently installed at the Sichuan Longxi River Xiadong Hydropower Station. It was moved to the Sichuan Suxiong Hydropower Station in 1959. It has been in service for nearly 60 years and has played an important role in the economic development of the southwestern region. effect.
Today, 70 years later, compared with the country's total installed power generation capacity at the beginning of the founding of New China, my country's total installed power generation capacity has increased by nearly 1,200 times.
The installed capacity of hydropower equipment produced by Harbin Electric Group alone accounts for more than half of the national hydropower installed capacity.
Since 2014, China's installed hydropower capacity and power generation have consistently ranked first in the world, and hydropower resources have become my country's second largest energy source.
In 2020, China's hydropower generation capacity will be 1.35 trillion kilowatt-hours, and the installed hydropower capacity will be 370 million kilowatts, which will exceed 30% of the world's total hydropower installed capacity.
Create a new era of giant water turbines
From the 800 kilowatts of the Longxi River Xiadong Hydropower Station to the 1 million kilowatts of the Baihetan Hydropower Station, the capacity of China's independently developed hydraulic turbine assembly has achieved 1,250 times the leap.
40 years ago, the Gezhouba Hydropower Project was officially put into operation for power generation. Together with this water conservancy project known as the "first dam of the Yangtze River", 12 125,000-kilowatt hydroelectric generating units manufactured by Harbin Electric Group officially started work. At that time, my country's first large-scale hydropower unit was completely independently developed and designed.
In 1997, the Three Gorges Project quickly narrowed the gap with the world's advanced technology from the introduction of technology, cooperative production to independent manufacturing of super large water turbine engine units.
In the purchase of units for the Three Gorges Left Bank Power Station, there was a substantial core technology transfer for the first time.
Taking this as an opportunity, Harbin Electric Group invested heavily in technological transformation, dispatched hundreds of people overseas to learn about the core technology of 700,000 kilowatts of units, and achieved catch-up after digestion and absorption.
In 2004, the Harbin Electric Group and other Chinese hydropower equipment manufacturers competed with foreign companies on the same stage and won the contract for the combination of four generators on the right bank of the Three Gorges, opening a chapter in the localization of giant units.
From participating in the construction of the left bank of the Three Gorges to independent design, manufacturing, and installation on the right bank of the Three Gorges, it took only 6 years. Chinese manufacturers of hydroelectric power unit equipment completed the role change, embarked on a successful road to technological innovation, and created China's giant hydraulic turbines. A new era of group design and manufacturing.
On August 28, 2008, the bidding and procurement contracts for 26 units of the Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu hydropower stations on the Jinsha River were settled. This large-scale procurement has consolidated the achievements of the localization of the Three Gorges hydropower units, and "Made in China" has become a big winner for the first time.
Among them, Harbin Electric Group won the bid for 10 units, with a contract value of 4.427 billion yuan.
The single unit capacity of Xiluodu Hydropower Station is 770,000 kilowatts, and the single unit capacity of Xiangjiaba Power Station has been increased to 800,000 kilowatts, continuously surpassing the Three Gorges units.
At the same time, the research and development of the 1 million kilowatt hydroelectric generator contracted by Harbin Electric Group was also put on the agenda, and since then, it has been the first batch to be applied to the Baihetan Hydropower Station.
"1 million kilowatts" means that the energy density is extremely high. The capacity of each magnetic pole of the Baihetan hydroelectric generator is twice that of the Three Gorges hydroelectric generator, making its voltage and current exceed the limit, which brings great challenges.
But in the end, Chinese engineers not only succeeded in breaking through the technological fortress, but also reduced the loss to a minimum. The power conversion rate was as high as 96.7%, and every drop of water was not wasted, reaching the highest level of the world's large-scale mixed-flow unit.
Standing at the heart of the generator set of Baihetan Hydropower Station-the world's first "zero counterweight" giant long and short blade hydroelectric generator runner that passed acceptance, Qin Daqing, deputy chief engineer of Harbin Electric Group Motor Company, said that he has witnessed "Chinese wisdom". "Leading the whole process of world standards with innovation.
China's energy equipment "going out"
Resonates at the same frequency as the national energy demand. In the past 70 years, Harbin Electric Group has not only researched and manufactured the first domestic hydropower unit, but also manufactured the first power station boiler, the first power station steam turbine, the first steam turbine generator, and the first power station. A ship’s main power plant and more than 200 of the first equipment in the Republic and even the world.
The Gudu Power Station in Pakistan, which was completed and put into operation in 1986, was the first international engineering contract (EPC) project undertaken by the Harbin Electric Group, and it was also my country's first large-scale generator set to go abroad.
This project created a precedent for the export of complete sets of power plant equipment in China, and amazed the world. Chinese power equipment companies have quickly become an emerging force that cannot be ignored in the world's power equipment industry.
As a result, HEC has successively opened up international markets such as Vietnam, Uzbekistan, Indonesia, Sudan, Ecuador, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates, and China's energy equipment has made great strides to the world.
At the end of January this year, the world's first reactor of Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5, the Hualong No. 1 nuclear power plant provided by Harbin Electric Group, was put into commercial operation.
This also marks that my country's nuclear power technology level and comprehensive strength rank among the world's first phalanx, and it has taken a solid step towards building a nuclear industry powerhouse.
Currently, the world is undergoing an energy revolution. Green, low-carbon, and clean energy have become the dominant trends in energy development. New energy industries such as wind power, photovoltaics, nuclear power, and hydrogen are ushering in a period of rapid development.
With the “dual-carbon” goal proposed, my country’s energy structure is accelerating its transformation and adjustment. The Harbin Electric Group, which focuses on energy equipment R&D and manufacturing, is facing opportunities and challenges and is in a critical period of transformation and development.
In an interview with reporters, Szefu, Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of the Harbin Electric Group, said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the Harbin Electric Group will make every effort to develop new energy industries such as wind power, photovoltaics, hydrogen energy, and biomass power generation, and realize the use of traditional energy. Product-oriented transformation to new energy products and industries, and promote green and low-carbon development.