On October 11, the first phase of the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) will be held in Kunming, Yunnan.
As a major event of my country's home diplomacy, the current preparatory work has been completed.
So, what is the agenda of this conference, what topics will be discussed, and what are the characteristics?
As one of the earliest contracting parties, what contribution has my country made in biodiversity conservation?
Why should the conference be held in Yunnan?
The theme of this conference is "Ecological Civilization: Building a Community of Life on Earth". The logo of this conference is composed of peacocks, little girls, giant pandas, plum blossoms, fish, waves and other elements, which fully reflects biodiversity and cultural diversity Sexuality, which also interprets the 2050 vision of the Convention on Biological Diversity, which is the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and the desire to build an ecological civilization globally.
In 1992, at the World Conference on Environment and Development, many countries including my country signed the "Convention on Biological Diversity", which was the first global agreement for the United Nations to comprehensively discuss biodiversity.
Since the Convention entered into force, there have been 196 contracting parties, and the United Nations has convened 14 conferences of the parties.
This time, the 15th Conference of the Parties to be held in my country will issue the "Kunming Declaration", calling on all parties to take action to respond to the call to build a community of life on earth, curb the loss of biodiversity, enhance human well-being, and achieve sustainable development .
More importantly, in the second phase of the offline meeting next year, the "Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework" will also be formulated to make plans for global biodiversity governance in the next ten years and beyond.
Cui Shuhong, Director of the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment: This conference is the first time that the United Nations has convened with the theme of ecological civilization, and it demonstrates the world significance of Xi Jinping's thoughts on ecological civilization.
At the same time, this theme also calls on the world to respect nature, conform to nature, protect nature, handle the relationship between man and nature, and take common actions so that we can form a common consensus and goal when the framework is reached in the future.
Biodiversity is the foundation of human existence, closely related to human well-being, and has direct, indirect and potential use value.
At present, the global species extinction rate is accelerating, and the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystems pose a major risk to human survival and development.
Wei Fuwen, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and researcher of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: The extinction rate of species is now 100 to 1,000 times the normal rate. Maybe we have 1 million species facing the danger of extinction. This is a very high proportion. IUCN International Nature Conservation Union assessment data shows that 28% of species are in danger of extinction.
This time the Conference of the Parties will be held in China. China will serve as the presidency and host country. The international community hopes that through China’s efforts, it can play a leading role in the future global biodiversity conservation.
As one of the first parties to sign and ratify the Convention on Biological Diversity, China has always attached great importance to the protection of biodiversity, continuously promoted the protection of biodiversity, kept pace with the times, and innovated and developed, and achieved remarkable results. The road to biodiversity conservation.
Cui Shuhong, Director of the Department of Natural Ecological Protection of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment: China attaches great importance to the protection of biodiversity in the process of economic and social development planning, policy formulation, and legal formulation, and they are all placed in a very important position.
China also regards biodiversity as an important part of the construction of ecological civilization, and vigorously promotes the integration of ecological system protection and restoration.
The host of the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity is Yunnan, China.
Yunnan accounts for only 4.1% of the country's land area, but has all the types of ecosystems on the earth except oceans and deserts. There are more than 18,000 plants and 1,800 vertebrates, representing about half of China's animal and plant species.
Yunnan is recognized as a key biodiversity area with the most concentrated distribution of important biodiversity groups and global significance.
Yao Mingshen has lived in Hexinchang Village, Mangxing River Natural Ecological Reserve, Mangshi, Yunnan since he was a child. This year is his fifth year as a forest ranger.
What he is looking for is a group of special animals, which are the largest population of pheasant's langurs in a single area in the country.
Fortunately, in this mountain forest, Yao Mingshen saw them again.
Yao Mingshen, a forest ranger in the Mangxing River Natural Ecological Reserve in Mangshi, Yunnan: In the past, we saw the most golden monkeys around the Spring Festival. For example, it is relatively fresh to see the golden monkeys in September and October. It was difficult to see them before.
For Yao Mingshen, these animals in the forest are now familiar friends.
But in the past, he and the villagers lived by hunting and logging.
In 1998, after the implementation of the natural forest resource protection project, some villagers were hired by the local forestry bureau as forest rangers and began the transition from logging to forest protection.
In 2019, the local area launched the low-carbon ecological demonstration village project in the Fei's langur protected area in Mangshi, transforming the state-owned fir forest into a broad-leaved tree species that animals like Fei's langur and other animals eat. At the same time, all local stoves are changed to wood-saving stoves. It also encourages the promotion of under-forest economic planting projects.
In 2020, two villager groups spontaneously set up an organization to guard the pheasant's langurs and the green waters and mountains in the village.
In two years, the number of pheasant langurs here has grown from 320 to nearly 500.
Over the years, such stories have often occurred in Yunnan.
Many rare animal and plant populations have been effectively protected in Yunnan, and at the same time, new species are constantly being discovered.
In view of Yunnan's achievements in biodiversity conservation practices, the organizers of the Conference of the Parties set up special exhibitions in the venue.
When you walk into the hall, you will be attracted by a very strong fragrance, which is emitted by a spice wall and spice plants.
There are more than 400 kinds of spice plants in Yunnan, and it is a veritable kingdom of spice.
Wu Xuecan, deputy dean of Yunnan Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences: Dendrobium officinale is a distinctive variety in Yunnan, and Chinese medicinal materials such as N. elegans and Dendrobium officinale are more precious.
The reason why we use this display method is to tell everyone that artificial soilless rapid propagation is an important means to protect biodiversity. If a large number of rapid propagation, then this endangered species will reduce its endangered degree.
There is another interesting link in the exhibition, that is, anyone who comes to this exhibition can take a leaf and stick it on the canopy.
Every time a leaf is attached, the organizer will plant a tree. After the meeting, the organizer will count the number of leaves and plant a public welfare forest of the tree of life to encourage everyone to participate in the protection of biodiversity. .
The exhibition at the Convention and Exhibition Center allowed people to see the achievements of biodiversity conservation in Yunnan, while the Baofeng Wetland and the Fuli Palace in the Kunming Botanical Garden made people feel the harmony between man and nature.
The Baofeng Wetland in Kunming is the outdoor exhibition area for this biodiversity conference.
According to reports, there are more than 100 kinds of plants, including native plants in Dianchi Lake, which attracts many birds, including swimming birds, raptors, and wading birds. They regard this place as their home, in a word of the locals. Talk: Birds use their wings to praise the ecology here.
Gao Feng, executive deputy commander of the Baofeng Wetland Construction Headquarters and director of the Water Affairs Bureau of Guandu District, Kunming City, Yunnan: The entire wetland was originally a village, called Baofeng Village.
We moved the entire village's nearly 3,000 households out of the protection red line through relocation and resettlement, and then built the last ecological green barrier.
In a water area close to the entrance of Dianchi Lake, a sinking landscape design was made in the wetland. Some endangered fish species including golden thread barb in Dianchi Lake can be observed at close range. This method can not only monitor fish, but also The quality of the water entering the lake can be monitored.
In another experience area of this biodiversity conference, there are plants from all over the world, including the national flower of South Africa, the emperor flower of South Africa, the dragon snake orchid of origin in the Americas, the rosemary of origin in Europe, and the chrysanthemum of oceania. Bonus Melaleuca... They live in harmony here.
Yunnan blue fruit trees are unique to Yunnan, and there are currently no more than 10 mature individuals in the wild.
In order to protect the endangered and extremely small populations such as the Yunnan blue fruit tree, the researchers deliberately selected some to be transplanted into the greenhouse, which not only facilitates protection, but also helps them to breed, thereby gradually expanding the population.
"There are forests to have water, water to have fields, fields to have food, and food to have people", this proverb has been passed down from generation to generation by the masses of the Dai people in Yunnan, conveying to people the simplest concept of harmony between man and nature.
Yunnan is showing the world its biodiversity, and China will also work with the world to cope with the challenges of climate change and biodiversity loss.
The earth is a community of life. The reason why our common homeland is so beautiful and rich, and even able to survive and develop, is precisely because of the existence of a variety of creatures.
The global challenge of biodiversity loss also requires countries to work together to face it.
This meeting includes the opening ceremony and the Conference of the Parties, high-level meetings, forums, exhibitions and other content. Participants will participate in the meeting through online and offline methods, discussing including the promotion of biodiversity, climate change, land degradation and other global issues. Collaborative governance of environmental issues, sharing and discussing their respective experiences.
I believe the conference will open a new page in global biodiversity governance.
Producer丨Li Zuoshi
Editor-in-Chief丨Xiaoxuan Yu
Editor丨Wang Taoran, Liu Xiaochen, Guo Feng, Wang Xi, Li Jinsong, Li Xiao, Zheng Yukai
Camera 丨 Fu Peng Ruan Hongyu
Editor in charge丨Liu Xiaoping Chen Zhongyuan
Editing丨Miao Jialiang Zheng Yu