Shenyang "September 18th" History Museum.
Photo by Yu Haiyang
On September 18, 1931, the "September 18th" Incident that shocked China and foreign countries broke out in Shenyang, and the Chinese people opened the prelude to the 14-year War of Resistance Against Japan.
On the eve of the 90th anniversary of the September 18th Incident, reporters from China News Service revisited Peking Daying, the site of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and the "September 18th" History Museum in Shenyang, and revisited that episode through various historical marks. Unforgettable history.
What kind of humiliating history did these landmark buildings witness 90 years ago?
90 years later, what kind of face will they meet with the world?
The renderings of Beidaying.
Photo courtesy of Shenyang Museum
Beidaying:
Fired the first shot of China's 14-year war of resistance
On September 18, 1931, the Japanese Kwantung Army blew up a section of the Nanman Railway in Liutiao Lake, and then falsely accused the Chinese army of destroying it. Using this as an excuse, they bombarded the Northeast Army's garrison-Beidaying, and then attacked Shenyang. City, the "September 18th" Incident that shocked China and foreign countries broke out.
Many people have seen the above content many times in history textbooks, and the three words Beidaying are closely tied to the War of Resistance Against Japan.
From its establishment in 1907 to the destruction of the "September 18" Incident, Peking Daying had only existed for 25 years, but it was famous at home and abroad because of the "September 18th" Incident.
Wang Tiehan, the head of the 620 regiment of the Peking University Garrison at the time, described in detail the entire process of the Japanese raid on Peking University in his memoir "Resistance of Nonresistance".
That night, despite Shangfeng's order of "no resistance," Wang Tiehan led his troops to fire the first shot of China's 14-year war of resistance.
The reporter visited the Beidaying site in Liulin Street, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province.
There are three one-story brick-wood hard mountain-style barracks at the site. The barracks are made of blue bricks, one of which still retains the original iron tile roof.
According to historical records, Beidaying was built in 1907 and was destroyed by the Japanese army during the September 18th Incident.
In 2018, the construction project of the Beidaying Site Exhibition Hall was officially launched.
During the repair process, the museum collected more than 1,400 pieces (sets) of cultural relics with important historical significance and research value.
It is understood that the Beidaying Ruins Exhibition Hall will be opened to the public in the near future. A large number of precious historical pictures, historical materials, and cultural relics will also meet the public for the first time, supplemented by modern display methods such as reliefs, sand tables, and light and shadow imaging to restore historical scenes and barracks. Break the space constraints and reproduce the years of gunpowder smoke.
The Memorial Hall of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Photo by Yu Haiyang
The Memorial Hall of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China:
Issued China's first anti-Japanese declaration
At the Memorial Hall of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China at No. 3 Fu'an Lane, Huangsi Road, Shenyang, the reporter saw a handwritten "Declaration of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China for the Armed Occupation of Manchuria by Japanese Imperialists" (also known as the "September 19 Declaration") original Photocopy.
"Only the armed forces of the laboring masses of workers, peasants and soldiers are the forces that truly oppose imperialism." "Only under the leadership of the Communist Party can imperialism be driven out of China!" These sonorous and powerful words will last forever.
The content of the declaration was drafted by Zhao Yimin, then member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Manchuria Provincial Committee and Minister of Propaganda, late at night on September 18, and was discussed, revised, supplemented and finalized at the meeting the following day.
Later, local party members and progressive students quickly posted declarations on the streets of Shenyang, exposing the crimes of Japanese aggression and taking the lead in calling for resistance against Japan.
The Memorial Hall of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Photo by Yu Haiyang
Gong Zu, deputy director of the Shenyang Cultural Relics and Historic Sites Protection and Research Center, said that at the critical moment of national peril, the Communist Party of China issued the anti-Japanese declaration at the first time and raised the anti-Japanese flag in a clear-cut manner.
This is China's first anti-Japanese declaration and the first anti-fascist declaration in world history, fully demonstrating the mainstay role of the Chinese Communist Party in the anti-Japanese war.
In 1965, the former site of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China re-entered people's vision.
In 1985, the restored site of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was officially opened to the public.
At present, the Memorial Hall of the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China has become an important party history education base in Northeast China.
The Northeast Anti-League History Facts Exhibition Hall.
Photo courtesy of the Exhibition Hall of Northeast Anti-Japanese War History Facts
Northeast Anti-League Historical Facts Exhibition Hall:
Really record the immortal military and civilian performance of the war
In 1932, dozens of anti-Japanese guerrillas led by the Communist Party of China were established in the Northeast.
In February 1936, the Chinese Communist Party’s delegation to the Communist International issued the "Draft Resolution for the Establishment of the All-Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces" and decided to call the anti-Japanese forces led by the Communist Party of China as the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces.
Under extremely harsh conditions, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces did not fear hardships and moved to Qingyuan, Xinbin, Huanren, Benxi, Fengcheng, Kuandian, Xifeng, Xiuyan and other places in Liaoning to fight stubbornly, which made the Japanese and puppet troops frightened by the news.
The Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces fought arduously for 14 years and fought tens of thousands of times. At the cost of their own casualties of 30,000, they obtained a brilliant record of annihilating 220,000 Japanese and puppet forces, and contained hundreds of thousands of Japanese troops, and strategically cooperated with the national war of resistance. , Supported the World Anti-Fascist War.
Today, the Northeast Anti-Union Historical Facts Exhibition Hall, located in Benxi Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, has a simple, chic, solemn and solemn exterior wall decoration with creamy white stone and orange wooden boards, giving people the natural feeling of being in the deep mountains and forests and the historical reverie through time and space. .
The Northeast Anti-League History Facts Exhibition Hall.
Photo courtesy of the Exhibition Hall of Northeast Anti-Japanese War History Facts
The exhibition hall of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Anti-Japanese Alliance has 12 exhibition rooms. The exhibition is based on the theme of "Lin Haixueyuan, Anti-Japanese Heroes", which comprehensively, truthfully, accurately and systematically reflects the 14 years of hard struggle history of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces.
The restoration scene of the Anti-League Secret Camp in the exhibition hall is magnificent and the characters are lifelike. It is the largest scene in the domestic exhibition hall that reproduces the scene of the Northeast Anti-League Secret Camp.
Zeng Xia, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County Committee of Dandong, Liaoning, said that the life and blood of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces wrote the most glorious page in the history of the Northeast Anti-Japanese War.
Zhou Hao, director of the Research Department of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance Historical Facts Exhibition Hall, said that in the entire Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the anti-Japanese struggle of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces started the earliest, lasted the longest, and struggled in the most difficult environment.
These historical imprints truly recorded the immortal achievements of the military and civilians in the War of Resistance.
"September 18" History Museum.
Photo by Yu Haiyang
"September 18" History Museum:
A historical picture that vividly reproduces the great victory of the Anti-Japanese War
The Shenyang "September 18th" History Museum is located at No. 46, Wanghua South Street, Dadong District, Shenyang. The museum is the only museum at home and abroad that fully reflects the history of the "September 18th" incident so far.
Since its establishment in 1991, the museum has more than 14,000 cultural relics in its collection.
The most attention-grabbing of the museum is the iconic monument of incomplete history standing on the square.
The residual calendar stele is in the shape of a three-dimensional desk calendar, with symmetrical sides, and there are many bullet marks on the stele body.
One side of the desk calendar is engraved with "September 18, 1931", and the other side records the incident.
In recent years, the Shenyang "September 18th" History Museum has successively opened the Shenyang WWII Allied Prisoner of War Camp Site Exhibition Hall and the Shenyang Trial Japanese War Criminals Court Site Exhibition Hall.
The exhibition hall of the former site of the Shenyang Trial Japanese War Criminals Court.
Photo by Yu Haiyang
The 88-year-old Volunteer Army's Political Department Liaison (Translation) of the 347th Regiment of the 116th Division of the 39th Army, Jin Donghui, told reporters in the exhibition hall of the former Japanese war criminals trial court in Shenyang that more than 100 comrades-in-arms who have fought with him know their names. People sacrificed.
Although I am getting older, I always think of them and the years I have fought with them.
"In the review of history, we have strengthened the pace of progress; in the memorial of victory, we have even more understood the value of peace." said Song Miao, deputy director of the exhibition hall of the former court for the trial of Japanese war criminals in Shenyang.
Wang Jianxue, honorary president of the Chinese Society of Modern History and Historical Materials, and director of the September 18th Historical Research Center of Liaoning Province, told reporters that the September 18th Incident was a national disaster, a national humiliation, and also the beginning of the Chinese people's resistance to aggression.
That unforgettable history of the War of Resistance should be remembered by all Chinese people.
Since 2005, at 9:18 on September 18 each year, the bell-ringing ceremony will be held as scheduled on the square of the Shenyang "September 18th" History Museum.
The alarm bell was struck 14 times, symbolizing the 14 years of China’s war of resistance, and an air defense alarm was sounded for 3 minutes to warn future generations not to forget the national humiliation and to remember history.
Author: Li Xi Han Hong