When wild animals get closer and closer to us
A group of elks are active in the Shishou Elk National Nature Reserve.
Xinhua News Agency
Chongqing launched the "Love Birds and Protect Birds" activity in city parks.
Xinhua News Agency
Tibetan foxes in Ruoergai County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province.
Xinhua News Agency
The staff were with the rescued Tibetan antelope at the Hoh Xil Tibetan Antelope Rescue Station.
Xinhua News Agency
In the mountainous area of Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, wild crested ibis are foraging for food.
Xinhua News Agency
【Economy Interface】
A few days ago, there has been new news about Asian elephants moving north: As of September 4, Asian elephants returning south after moving north are active near Tongguan Town, Mojiang County, Yunnan. The elephant herd had crossed the Amo River and was getting closer and closer to the original habitat. It was the mature season of corn and other crops, and the monitors were delighted to find that the baby elephants became stronger during this period.
So far, this group of wild elephants has been on a magical migration journey, which has traveled nearly 500 kilometers and lasted more than a year. This "unusual road" elephant herd has its own flow, triggering a wave of "viewing of the whole people", and it is displayed on the new picture scroll of China's ecological civilization in the new era.
Not only Asian elephants, Siberian tigers, giant pandas, Hainan gibbons, Chinese pangolins...more and more wildlife habitats are better protected, and they are entering the public view more and more frequently. Behind each of the warm stories, the thinking about jointly building an ecological civilization, conserving the awareness of the rule of law, and building a strong institutional "fence" continues.
1. China's experience injects confidence into the world's wildlife protection
On September 5, the Information Office of the Hainan Provincial Government held a press conference to connect with the 7th World Conservation Conference in Marseille, France, and announced that the Hainan Gibbon had added two baby apes, and its population had recovered to 35.
Hainan Gibbon has been assessed as critically endangered by the World Conservation Union and is one of the 25 endangered primate species in the world. It is currently only distributed in the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park System Pilot Area.
Rodriguez, chairman of the Species Survival Committee of the World Conservation Union, said that the news of the steady recovery of the Hainan gibbon population is encouraging. "This vivid example in Hainan, China brings confidence and hope to the protection of endangered primates in the world."
Without the protection of habitats, the protection of endangered wild animals becomes a source of water without a source.
In order to restore the ecology of the Hainan gibbon habitat, since 2005, the Hainan Provincial Forestry Department has reconstructed and restored more than 5,000 acres of Hainan gibbon habitat and planted more than 300,000 native tree species that gibbons like to eat.
Affected by natural disasters such as typhoons, landslides often occur in the forests inhabited by Hainan gibbons.
Careful forestry workers planted native saplings and gibbons-loving tree species on the landslide, and built rope bridges for the gibbons for them to cross the landslide zone.
"This time the Hainan Gibbon is happy to add baby apes, which shows that the Hainan Gibbon has a good breeding status, its living environment and living conditions are steadily improving, and the natural ecological space such as the Hainan tropical rain forest has been restored and expanded." Jincheng, director of the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration, pointed out .
From the Siberian tiger walking out of the forest to the elephants moving north, wildlife protection frequently enters the public eye, and wild animals frequently "show up" in people's lives.
Not long ago, Lai Qingchang, a villager from Bikeng Village, Hengshui Town, Chongyi County, Jiangxi Province, visited a special "guest"-Chinese pangolin.
Since he was a child living in the mountains, Lai Qingchang knew that pangolin was a first-class national protected animal, so he protected it and immediately sought help from the local forest manager and the public security department.
That night, the forest police released it to the mountains and forests to help it return to nature.
With the implementation of the forest management system and the increasing awareness of wildlife protection, more and more wild animals are "camping" in Chongyi: The infrared camera in the Qiyunshan Nature Reserve has repeatedly captured the national first-class protected animal Yellow-bellied Horned Pheasant ; Sambar, small civet, spotted forest raccoon, and rare wild animals, white pheasant, fairy thrush, little cuckoo, collared owl, oriental horned owl, hyena, etc. are also often found.
According to data from the National Forestry and Grass Administration, since the 13th Five-Year Plan, the pilot tasks of the national park system have been successfully completed, the integration and optimization of nature reserves have been steadily advanced, and the population of more than 300 endangered wild animals in my country has steadily increased.
The protection level of many "endangered" wild animals has been reduced to "near endangered".
Behind the quantitative change is the rooting of the concept of ecological civilization and the upgrading of management measures.
In recent years, my country has strengthened the protection of wild animal habitats, severely cracked down on the illegal trade of wild animals and ivory and other animal products, and the number of endangered wild animals has increased substantially-the artificial breeding population of giant pandas has reached 600, and the population of wild giant pandas has increased from In the 1980s, the number of 1114 animals rose to more than 1,800; the population of Asian elephants increased from 180 to nearly 300; the population of Tibetan antelopes increased from less than 75,000 to more than 300,000; the number of crested ibis increased from the original only 7 Increased to the total number of wild populations and artificial breeding populations more than 4000...
The ecological environment is getting better, creating a good living space for wild animals and plants.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country will also implement the construction of national parks and other nature reserves and wildlife protection projects to protect 48 critically endangered wild animals and their habitats, including giant pandas, Asian elephants, Hainan gibbons, Siberian tigers, and Chinese pangolins. Continue to implement rescue protection, delineate and strictly protect important habitats, connect ecological corridors, and increase the area of important habitats by 10%.
2. Lively exchange, tap the wisdom of the symbiosis of humans and animals
Over the years, the migration of Asian elephants and wild elephants has occurred frequently, but the reason why the northward migration of the elephants has attracted the attention of the world is that the distance of the migration has not been seen before, and the second is the story of the harmonious coexistence of humans and elephants. Touching.
Between the green waters and green hills, the elephants walked northward, and the road was smooth. Wherever they went, the people quietly avoided, did not drive or intimidate them. The target group ate food and corn, etc., showing great tolerance. It is a beautiful picture of people living in harmony with wild animals.
Zhang Zhizhong, executive deputy head of the National Forestry and Grass Administration's Northward Movement of Elephant Disposal Work Steering Group and director of the Wildlife Protection Department, said that the northward movement of Yunnan Asian elephants was a lively exchange between humans and large wild animals, which created many new ideas. Experience and inspiration.
Looking back at history, not every communication between humans and animals can show such a harmonious rhythm.
Many wild animals break into human life, conflict with people and even cause destruction.
Event after event, people have also raised new questions: How to balance wildlife protection with the safety, production, and life of locals?
How to achieve the harmonious development of man and nature?
The Tibetan brown bear is a rare subspecies of brown bear that lives in high-altitude areas of Central Asia. It plays an important role in maintaining the health and stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecosystem.
However, in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of incidents of house destruction by brown bears in Tibet.
In order to prevent the human-bear conflict, the local government put forward a comprehensive solution after detailed research and judgment, and formed a complete "protection net" through the establishment of a compensation mechanism after the event, the reconstruction of houses in herdsmen's settlements, and the establishment of supplementary feeding stations.
Among them, the ex post compensation mechanism involves all parties investing a small amount of insurance money to form an "insurance fund pool". The internal management committee of the community holds regular meetings to determine the property losses caused by the brown bears to each family and make compensation.
In the Cigarette Qing villager group in Guanping Village, Dadugang Township, Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, a green fence surrounds the entire village.
The solid protective fence separates the living space of the Asian elephants and the villagers, allowing people to get their own place from the elephants.
In 2018, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna established the first county-level Asian elephant monitoring and early warning platform, using drones, infrared cameras, etc. to track the latest developments of the elephant population, realizing real-time information transmission and timely warning.
People take the initiative to avoid wild elephants and give way to wild elephants.
When constructing the Mengyang section of the China-Laos railway, tunnels were used to "traverse" the Asian elephant habitat to avoid disturbing the Asian elephant to the greatest extent.
Experts said that the northward movement of Asian elephants also shows that the migration and spread of Asian elephants is inevitable.
To this end, the National Forestry and Grass Administration and Yunnan Province have begun to promote the construction of national parks, and carry out a foreseeable and long-term overall layout and planning from the perspective of protection and balance.
At this stage, it is important to quickly build a complete monitoring and prevention system, use appropriate technical means to effectively control the activities of the target group, and avoid the large-scale migration and spread of the elephant group as much as possible.
"The northern elephant herd provides experimental opportunities for exploring animal population management and control programs." said Chen Fei, director of the Asian Elephant Research Center of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration. It also innovatively uses flexible intervention technology that combines migration route prediction, deployment control, and feeding, which provides a reference sample for alleviating the'human-elephant conflict' and even the'human-beast conflict' in the future."
Chen Jiawen, head of the "14th Five-Year Plan" of the National Forestry and Grass Administration, said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country will build a monitoring and evaluation system for the protection of wild animals and their habitats.
Carry out special surveys of species, establish an integrated monitoring system for "sky and land", especially set up protection stations on bird migration routes, and carry out bird ring signs and volunteer escort movements.
On the basis of scientific assessment, prevent and reduce the risk of harm to the normal production and life of the people from wild animals such as Asian elephants, bears, and wild boars.
3. Ecological responsibility, to build a beautiful home in harmony with all things
Ge Rui, the general representative of the International Foundation for the Protection of Animals in Asia, has visited Qinghai, China many times.
"In Hoh Xil, I saw wild yaks and Tibetan wild donkeys. Once I was pleasantly surprised to find that there were two Tibetan antelopes jumping side by side and running freely outside the window of the car. The scene made people feel love and awe of nature." Rang Ge Rui Xinsheng is touched, and there are more guardians who have persisted and devoted themselves for decades.
“In the hinterland of Hoh Xil, the guards stayed for several weeks, and often encountered situations such as trapped vehicles and insufficient supplies. They have made great contributions to the rescue and restoration of the Tibetan antelope population.” Gree said.
In recent years, the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve has taken a number of measures to improve the quality of its habitat, and "escort" the migration of wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes.
The ecological management team patrols day and night, video surveillance, implements temporary traffic control for wild animals crossing the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, and is also building a number of wildlife passages along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
Through unremitting efforts, the Hoh Xil Tibetan antelope population has recovered from less than 20,000 in 1997 to more than 70,000 at present. The resources of rare wild animals such as Przewalski's gazelle, white-lipped deer, and Tibetan wild donkey have also increased significantly.
This kind of guardianship originates from a kind of love and reveals a responsibility.
"The new crown pneumonia epidemic tells us that man and nature are a community of destiny. We must work together and act quickly to protect in development, develop in protection, and build a harmonious and beautiful home for all things." In September 2020, President Xi Jinping at the United Nations It was firmly pointed out at the Biodiversity Summit.
Wild animals are an important part of the earth's life and natural ecological system, and their living conditions are closely related to the sustainable development of mankind.
And the diversity of species and ecological integrity complement each other, each other, and cause and effect each other.
The protection of species diversity bears a heavy ecological responsibility.
In the process of protecting wild animals and plants, we have learned to have a friendly dialogue with nature during development, and we also listen to nature and examine ourselves during development, and inspire wisdom and emotions in ecological civilization and green development.
"The modernization we want to build is a modernization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously. We must not only create more material and spiritual wealth to meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, but also provide more high-quality ecological products to meet the people’s growing needs. The need for a beautiful ecological environment for growth is naturally tranquil, harmonious and beautiful.” Speaking of the concept of future development, Li Chunliang, deputy director of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, pointed out.
The protection of wild animals requires not only responsibility, but also a system. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country will strengthen the management of wild animal resources, implement the "National Key Protected Wildlife List", formulate and revise classified management, artificial Management methods and standards for breeding.
Establish a multi-departmental information exchange and joint law enforcement mechanism to strengthen Internet crime supervision and law enforcement.
Relying on the "Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora", strictly manage the import and export of wild animals, and strengthen cooperation with the member units of the International Coalition Against Wildlife Crime.
The consumption of wild animals and illegal trade are prohibited in accordance with the law, and illegal and criminal activities such as the illegal trade of wild animals are severely cracked down.
In another month, the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity will come to China and Kunming, Yunnan.
Recently, Kunming sent tens of thousands of flower seeds to more than 30 cities in China, inviting people from all over the country to pay attention to this meeting.
"Like these seeds, the concept of protecting nature sowed in the hearts of the Chinese people is taking root." said Xi Zhinong, a well-known wildlife photographer in China.
(Our reporter Li Hui)