It's another year's school season, these "pits" of myopia prevention and control, don't step on them anymore
This fall semester is the first semester for primary and secondary schools to fully implement the deployment requirements of the "double reduction". The burden of children's homework and off-school training is expected to be reduced.
Can the burden on the eyes be reduced?
In recent years, my country's myopia has shown a trend of younger age, and the increase in the rate of myopia in children and adolescents has made more and more parents of students anxious.
Ophthalmologists have found through clinical observation that parents are sometimes in a hurry, but they are seeking fish for reasons of reason.
Dr. Qiong Xu from the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital summarizes common misunderstandings in myopia prevention and control, and helps you prevent "pits".
Misunderstanding 1: Children need to check their eyesight only after school
After 3 years of age, after learning to recognize the visual acuity chart, most children can cooperate with the visual acuity test, and then a preliminary visual acuity examination can be carried out. It is recommended to have a visual acuity screening every three months to six months. The examination should preferably start no later than 3 years.
In daily life, parents should be alert if they find their children are looking sideways, tilting their heads, squinting, rubbing their eyes, or watching TV and books very close, because they may have vision problems.
Parents should take their children to a regular medical institution in time to establish a file of refractive development for their children.
Misunderstanding 2: The child is still young + the degree is not high = pseudomyopia
After having mydriasis and refraction in the hospital, if the degree of myopia is checked, it is no longer pseudo-myopia. Even if the child is young and the degree is small, it is no longer a tone-adjusting pseudo-myopia.
When a child has decreased vision, it is very necessary to go to a regular hospital for mydriatic optometry in time.
Pseudo-myopia can be ruled out by mydriasis. For most children with myopia, it is sufficient to choose rapid mydriasis refraction that can recover by itself within 4 to 6 hours.
Misunderstanding 3: Wear glasses to see far away and not to wear near
Normal eyes and myopic eyes with glasses (appropriate degree) need to be adjusted when they look near. By adjusting the focus of the eyes, the focus point of the light is moved from the far distance to the close objects we are looking at, so that we can see clearly.
In myopia without glasses, the focal length of the eyes is close, and the eyes can be lazy and can see clearly without adjustment, but the adjustment function of the long-term lazy eyes will decrease.
Except for the doctor's special explanation, you can not wear glasses. At other times, it is recommended that children with myopia wear glasses when looking far and near.
Misunderstanding 4: The more glasses I wear, the faster myopia deepens
True myopia detected after pupil dilation is irreversible. Most of myopia is caused by the growth of the eye axis, which is like the height of the eyeball.
Children who are still in the physical development stage, without intervention, the eye axis will continue to increase with physical development, so the myopia will not decrease, but will continue to deepen.
The worsening of myopia is not due to wearing glasses.
Not wearing glasses will increase the burden on the eyes and may further stimulate the increase in myopia.
Therefore, it is necessary to wear glasses of appropriate power to correct vision.
As the axis of the eyes grows and the degree of myopia increases, it is necessary to change the appropriate glasses for the child in time. It is recommended to have an optometry check every six months.
Misunderstanding 5: Laser surgery to cure myopia
Laser myopia surgery cannot cure all myopia, and corneal laser surgery cannot be performed for high myopia exceeding a certain degree.
Secondly, not all patients with the right degree can perform laser myopia surgery.
More importantly, myopia surgery actually treats the symptoms but not the root cause. The surgery can only take off the glasses and cannot change the fundus. On the surface, the degree of myopia disappears, but the risk of fundus lesions of high myopia will not be reduced.
Myopia should start from the baby. Don’t take a chance and wait for myopia surgery when you grow up. It is more important to prevent your child’s myopia and control the increase in the degree.
Misunderstanding 6: Vision training package cures myopia
Eye axis growth is irreversible, and myopia cannot be cured.
Some vision training institutions over-exaggerate the effect of training, claiming to be able to completely cure myopia, in fact, by training children's ability to recognize images, creating the illusion of normal vision.
Excessive vision training may increase the intensity of the child's near-sightedness and accelerate the development of myopia.
Misunderstanding 7: There is no time to rely on "OK mirrors and drugs" outdoors
Nowadays, research data at home and abroad have confirmed that the "three axes" of myopia prevention and control-Orthokeratology lens (OK lens), low-concentration atropine eye drops, and outdoor light for 2 hours/day-are indeed effective.
However, OK lenses and low-concentration atropine are not suitable for every child. They need to be checked for corneal shape, ocular surface condition, and accommodative function. They can only be used under the guidance of a doctor after passing the check.
The mechanism of the occurrence and development of myopia is not yet clear. Good behavior and adequate outdoor light are the most fundamental ways to prevent and control.
Once myopia is short-sighted, it is difficult to reverse, and medical intervention cannot be used alone.
People's Daily Online reporter Yan Yan
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